A metal stove is often used in a bathhouse. This is a simple design that allows you to create the necessary temperature conditions very quickly. Also, metal furnaces take up relatively little space. To increase comfort during the operation of this heater allows brick lining.
When this work is done, the air in the room will warm up gradually. In this case, the brick will allow you to keep heat inside the steam room for about a day. The process of finishing is quite complicated. It is important to consider all the nuances. Only in this case the result will be high, and the furnace will be operated for a long time.
Tools and materials
Considering the information on how to overlay an iron stove in a bathhouse with a brick , it should be taken into account that this is a whole science. It is important to choose all the materials, tools. You also need to familiarize yourself with all the intricacies of such work. The comfort of relaxation in the steam room will depend on the quality of its implementation.
The stove is the heart of any bath. Therefore, it is necessary to approach its arrangement very responsibly. If installed incorrectly, it will be unsafe to heat a steam room using the equipment presented. It is important to prepare all the necessary tools for finishing work.
First of all, a trowel is required for this process. This is an important tool for construction work. Using a trowel, when laying a brick, the mortar will be superimposed on the surface and its excess removed.
Next, you need to purchase a hammer and pickaxe. With their help, it will be possible to separate the required part of the brick. Evenness of laying can be checked with the help of a mooring cord, ordering and plumb. Each of these tools allows you to control the correct masonry horizontally, vertically. In this case, you can get a solid brick finish. The correct position of the materials will also allow you to assess the construction level.
Considering how to overlay an iron stove in a bath with a brick , it is also necessary to pay attention to such a nuance. After the bricks are installed in their places, seams will appear between them. To make them aesthetic, you need a special lining.
Mortar will be mixed in a special container. It should differ in sufficient dimensions. The solution will be mixed with a shovel. It should also be purchased before starting work.
Brick selection
After choosing materials, you need to consider which brick is best for lining the furnace. Special refractory varieties are on sale. This is a fireclay, red burnt brick. He is not afraid of high heat and temperature extremes. It is impossible to save on the quality of materials for the construction of the cladding. You should only purchase high-quality bricks that can withstand all adverse conditions.
Building material should be chosen with the appropriate characteristics. The brick must be solid. Hollow varieties are not suitable for furnishing a metal furnace. The surface of the brick can be smooth. In some cases, the owners of the bath acquire decorative bricks. Their outer surface can be ribbed, have a certain pattern. The cost of such varieties of building materials is an order of magnitude higher.
The price per piece of facing brick may be different. It depends on the type of blocks, their operational characteristics, strength, etc. The minimum cost of refractory bricks is about 45 rubles. a piece. However, these are the simplest varieties. If the owners of the bath wish to purchase building material with additional qualities (more durable, high temperature resistance, with a textured surface), they can count on a price from 70 to 80 rubles. a piece.
Since the cost of the decoration elements of the metal furnace is quite high, it is important to make the correct calculation of their quantity before installation. To do this, consider the dimensions of the furnace and the space in front of it. When the size of the brick lining is found, it will be possible to determine the appropriate number of blocks.
When calculating, it must be taken into account that the walls are laid in one row. In some cases, the owners make a closed heater. Therefore, it is necessary to provide for the presence of a sufficient amount of material to create a finish on top of the furnace. At the bottom, you also need to make a brick stand. In this case, you will need to purchase a sufficient amount of smooth building material. Under a metal stove, bricks need to be laid in 2 rows.
When calculating the material, it is necessary to take into account the distance that the seams will occupy. But at the same time, you still need to purchase bricks with a margin. It should be about 10%.
Masonry mortar
To make a budget for finishing a metal furnace, you will need to find out the price per piece of facing brick , as well as mortar. These will be the main cost items when carrying out a similar procedure.
As a masonry mortar, a clay mixture can be used. It will be difficult for a master without sufficient experience in carrying out such work to withstand all proportions. Therefore, you should purchase a special solution in a hardware store. Today there are many options for such dry mixes. They include all the necessary ingredients that provide high resistance of the finished joints to elevated temperatures.
You only need to purchase the required amount of dry mix. Water is added to it in a certain proportion. The manufacturer indicates how much to add to the solution of liquid and dry matter. After mixing the solution, you can begin to work.
You can also make a lining of a cast-iron stove with a brick using clay mortar. However, this is a rather complicated technique. You will need to find clay with a special level of fat content. In this case, you need to mix it with sand and water in the right proportion. It is best to create several solution options before starting work. Having applied them to the test surface, it is necessary to evaluate the quality of the result for each sample after drying.
Stove lining options
There are different options for lining the stove with a brick. The master can choose any suitable type of finishing work. Most often, bricks are laid around a furnace on a wide base. This method is called "half-brick." In this case, a lot of material will be required. However, creating an even masonry in this case will be easier.
The second common option is laying blocks on the edge. This method is called a quarter brick. In this case, you can significantly save on building materials. However, the process of erecting the finish will be quite laborious. The master will need to constantly monitor the smoothness of the masonry with additional tools. Otherwise, the stability of the system will be low.
The calculation of the brick for the lining of the furnace is necessarily carried out taking into account the choice of the technique for erecting the lining. The most material-intensive approach is "half-brick." However, it will be the most durable structure.
There is an alternative to the two methods presented. You can stack bricks with a gap. There will be holes in the masonry. The lattice type of masonry allows you to quickly warm up the room during operation of the furnace. At the same time, less building materials will be required.
Bricks can only be laid to the top of the stove. In this case, a hob can be made of equipment. Closed heaters are often equipped in the bathhouse. This type of installation of bricks will allow the room to evenly warm up. In this case, the air in the steam room will not be too hot. It will be comfortable to be in such a room.
You can also put a fireplace out of the oven. In this case, the door of the potbelly stove may have a special refractory glass. The space in front of the furnace is left open. It will resemble a fireplace.
Foundation preparation
Before proceeding with the installation of the cladding, you will need to create a solid base. To do this, use a smooth brick. The base of the floor must be durable. It is best to perform a similar procedure on a concrete base. However, if you have a wooden floor, you will need to carry out a number of special manipulations.
Perhaps the oven had already been installed in the bathhouse. It will need to be dismantled along with the chimney. For example, if the Troika stove has already been installed , brickwork begins with the dismantling of the chimney. Only after that the equipment can be removed. The safety and durability of the operation of the system depend on the quality of the preparation of the base.
On the prepared concrete base, lay a sheet of roofing material. This is a waterproofing material, which should be larger than the brick base. Ruberoid should protrude on all sides by 10-15 cm.
After this, it is necessary to knead the solution for lining the furnace with a brick . Proportions and instructions are indicated by the manufacturer on the package. Then the bricks are laid out in two layers. The size of the base must correspond to the dimensions of the furnace. The design should dry well. Information on the duration of this process can also be found on the packaging.
If you install the furnace on the base before the deadline, you can observe the deformation of the structure. Therefore, it is necessary to exactly comply with the recommendations of the mixture manufacturer. Only when the solution gains strength can it be installed on it. The chimney is connected.
Next, you need to drive wooden beams on both sides of the furnace. These will be a kind of reference points by which the position of the masonry will be checked. For this reason, the position of the driven beams is carefully measured using the building level.
A similar technology may be applicable to a wooden base. However, in this case, the brickwork should only reach the top of the furnace. The chimney must be metal. The wood floor must be new and durable. If the lining design is heavy (walls to the ceiling, brick chimney , etc.), the preparation of the base is carried out according to another scheme.
Preparing a wooden base
It should be noted that the sauna stove under the brick lining can be quite large. If the structure weighs quite a lot, the wooden base may not support such a weight. In this case, you will need to create a special foundation. This procedure will also be necessary if the finishing material in total weighs quite a lot. Having assessed the dimensions of the future structure, it will be necessary to decide on the feasibility of creating a foundation in a wooden base.
If the owners of the bath still decide on the need for this additional stage of construction, they should consider the features of this work.
First, you need to remove part of the boards in the place where the base for the furnace will be built. Next, you need to free up enough space underground to create a strip foundation. Part of the soil is removed. The foundation pit should have a depth of 25-50 cm. The width and length of the future foundation should correspond to the size of the furnace walls. The more the structure weighs, the deeper you need to make a foundation pit.
The cost of lining the stove with brick during the arrangement of the foundation will increase. However, this is a necessary measure to ensure the required operating conditions of the structure. At the bottom of the pit, you need to pour crushed stone and sand, ram them. Next, formwork is installed, the frame is made of reinforcement. Concrete is poured into the formwork.
When the solution dries, in the center of the foundation you need to deepen the foundation pit by 12 cm. Crushed stone and sand are also poured here. Next, the reinforcing mesh is laid. It is necessary to fill the interior with concrete with a layer of 5-7 cm. On top of this site, after complete drying, the base of refractory brick will be laid out.
Weight calculation
When equipping a furnace with a closed heater or an open type of structure, the total load must be calculated. There are special programs for this. They take into account a number of design parameters.
You can calculate the approximate mass of the entire system yourself. However, this is a laborious process. In the calculations take into account the dimensions of the furnace and the masonry itself. In this case, it will be necessary to calculate separately the mass of the furnace. This information can be found in the technical documentation provided by the manufacturer.
If stones are placed on top of the stove, their approximate weight should also be included in the calculation. Perhaps the stove will have a hob on top. On it, the owners of the bath can warm the water. The weight of objects that will be on the stove should be included in the calculation. In some cases, it can be, for example, a sufficiently large tank with water.
Next, you need to calculate the weight of the masonry itself. To do this, you need to find out the mass of the full-bodied facing brick . Knowing the dimensions of the blocks, you can calculate the weight of each wall. In this case, one must take into account whether masonry of the “half brick” or “quarter brick” type will be used. Dimensions of the structure also affect the mass.
When the weight for each wall and floor is calculated, all the data obtained should be added. This will help to understand how much the structure will approximately have. For each type of material there are maximum permissible loads at which the arrangement of the foundation is not required. The greatest margin of safety are beams and logs. For short thick boards, this figure will be higher than for long varieties. This is due to the indicator of their deflection. This affects the choice of mounting type of the base. Long boards bend more.
Some mandatory requirements
It is necessary to take into account a number of mandatory requirements that must be met when using masonry or decorative bricks to cover the furnace. There should be a distance between the stove and the walls. It is minimally allowed to create a space of up to 50 mm. However, experts recommend leaving a gap of 125-150 mm in size. In this case, the heat will spread evenly in the room.
The size of the base should be larger than the dimensions of the cladding. It should protrude 6-8 cm beyond the walls of the furnace. If the equipment is close to the wall, it is necessary to separate them with heat-resistant materials. For this purpose, asbestos sheets or other similar materials are used. It is best to do 2 layers of thermal protection. Between them you need to make a gap. The chimney and stove must be at least 20 cm from the wall.
Before starting installation, you need to put the bricks in a container of cold water. They should be in the liquid for about 30 minutes. This will allow the structure of the building material to gain moisture. When the solution dries, optimal conditions will be created for the set of strength.
The lining of the furnace with facing bricks is carried out in order. You can not start laying out the next row until the installation of the previous one has been completed. Stitching is carried out after arrangement of 2-3 rows. At this time, the solution has not yet solidified. Its excess can be easily removed. These simple tips will help you create a solid, neat finish.
Lining process
Covering a furnace with a closed heater or any other type of equipment requires proper installation of building materials. To make the masonry even, you need to pull the cord between the driven beams. The same thread should be drawn from the ceiling to the floor. On these beacons, the evenness of the masonry will be checked. In the process of creating rows, the horizontal cord is gradually moved up.
There must be a certain distance between the bricks. Most often it is about 6 mm vertically and 9 mm horizontally. To ensure good convection of the air masses in the room, small holes must be made in each row. Heated air will quickly enter the steam room through them.
The first row of masonry should be done perfectly. If there are certain deviations here, further rows will also be uneven. This is an unstable system. When the first row is installed, excess concrete will need to be removed. If necessary, the bricks are moved with a rubber mallet.
Bricking a stove may involve creating walls around the chimney. In this case, it is necessary to make several ventilation holes in this part of the masonry.
When all rows of the structure are correctly installed, it is necessary to allow the solution to dry well. Excess mortar must be removed after each row. If the concrete hardens, it will be difficult to remove. In this case, the appearance of the structure will be sloppy.
The solution should dry naturally. It is forbidden to raise the temperature in the room. The mortar must gradually release moisture to the environment.For this, bricks are soaked in water before installation. Otherwise, cracks may appear in the solution. It will not be durable. If the mortar becomes cracked, the masonry will also not be sufficiently durable. It will quickly collapse.
Some more recommendations
Experienced builders give some tips that allow you to lay the stove with a brick efficiently and correctly. It’s best not to bring the walls to the ceiling. Such a construction will be massive, heavy. If the owners of the bath do not have sufficient experience in carrying out construction work, it will be difficult to erect such walls. The most acceptable option is to install bricks only to the top of the furnace.
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Having considered how the furnace is lined with bricks, you can carry out similar work yourself.