Almost every person in his life tried grape berries. Someone grows such a plant in their area, someone buys clusters of grapes at the market or in the store. The assortment of such a plant is huge. Each consumer can find a type of grape that will combine the entire palette of taste and will be to his liking. Its berries contain substances that benefit the human body. Fiber, vitamins A, B6, C, calcium, iron, selenium, phosphorus, etc. This article describes a grape variety like "black pearl".
The history of the "black pearl"
Such a delicacy as grapes, to the taste of every person. Many consider grapes "black pearls" as a jewel of gardens. This type of plant was bred at the Potapenko Institute. Breeders crossed two hybrids - "August" and "Amur", as well as the "centaur Magarach" and "Levokum". Thanks to the time-consuming process, a new variety of black pearls was eventually bred. And in 2005, this variety was officially entered into the State Register.
Grade description
Grapes "black pearl" is a mid-early variety. Harvest "pearls" can be harvested at the end of summer. The plant itself is overgrown, and if grown on a plot, grapes can be a great shelter from the sun. If you look at the description of grapes "black pearls", then the leaf structure of the plant attracts attention. Leaves on a medium-sized vine, the outer side of the leaf plate is bubbly, the edges are wrapped up, and the inner side is as if pubescent. Young shoots have five blades. And older plants are endowed with rectangular leaves with distinctly deep cuts. A distinctive feature of grapes is "black pearl", or as it is also called "black pearl", is that the length of the petiole almost coincides with the length of the central vein of the leaf.
Cluster characteristics
From the description of the grape variety "black pearls" we already know that the plant is of medium ripening time. In the middle lane, the clusters ripen in early September, and in the southern regions even earlier. The grape berry has a fleshy structure and has great juiciness. If you squeeze the juice, then it is mostly colorless or with a slight yellowish tinge.
Clusters weigh 300 grams on average, the brush is formed from medium-sized berries and forms a conical shape. The berry of grapes is round in shape and dark blue. The aroma contains pronounced notes of muscat. The sugar content in grapes is 23-24%. The acid is 6-7 g / l. Due to the positive qualities of the berries, winemakers gave excellent reviews about the grapes "black pearl". This variety is mainly intended for the production of wines, but also it can be consumed fresh and make all kinds of blanks.
Productivity
With the right approach to growing grapes and good care of him, he will thank you with a high level of yield. After all, the grape "black pearl" has a higher than average yield:
- The optimal load on the bush is within 16-18 eyes.
- One grape weighs 3-5 grams.
- One bush can produce up to 7 kg of crop.
- One brush weighs 300-350 g.
- From one hundredths of a vineyard you can remove up to 130 kg of berries.
- The yield coefficient is 1.7.
Two years after planting, the plant gives the first fruits.
Grade stability
Grapes "black pearl" showed good indicators of endurance to many factors:
- "Pearl" is not afraid of spring frosts. When flowering, the plant can withstand frosts to -5 degrees, and there will be no consequences in bearing.
- Good frost resistance vines. She tolerates frosts to -26 degrees without much loss. But if frosts are above -26 degrees and without proper warming of the plant, then you can suffer losses in productivity up to 78%.
- Grapes are not afraid of fungal diseases. But still, for prevention, the plant should be regularly treated.
- Less resistant grapes to diseases such as bacteriosis and bacterial cancer.
- The variety is susceptible to attack by ticks such as red, common and hornbeam parasites. Also afraid of phylloxera, but rarely attacked by wild wasps.
Pros and Cons of the Black Pearl
Since this variety is mainly grown for making wines, we will evaluate it from this point of view.
Pros:
- Can be grown in temperate climates.
- High yield and endurance of grapes.
- Wine made from this variety, with long-term storage, retains all its taste and intense nutmeg aftertaste.
- In cooking, the fruits of the "pearl" are also very popular.
- High survival rate of a young plant or cuttings.
- Good rootstock compatibility.
- High appreciation of the taste of wine from this variety.
The disadvantages include the fact that the yield at home is not very high. Since this variety is mainly cultivated in areas where industrial winemaking is established. But for amateur cultivation, large yields are not needed.
Agricultural technology varieties
The grape variety "black pearls" received very positive feedback not only for productivity, but also for easy propagation. And grapes can bear fruit up to 22 years. Planting can be done in spring and autumn, as the cuttings take root perfectly. There are no specific requirements for the landing site, it is necessary that the place is sunny, not windy and without stagnation of water.
Grapes also do not require special care. We need a standard set of care techniques, in particular, pruning a plant. Feeding in time, warming the bushes for the winter, weeding, watering the plants. Timely carry out prevention from diseases and pests.
Some features of grape care:
- You need to form a bush in two shoulders and a height of up to one meter.
- Trim the shoots at the level of 3-4 buds.
- On the bush should be no more than 18 young shoots.
Do not forget that the plant needs to be watered weekly and as needed. Inspect the vine bushes to prevent diseases and take the necessary measures to remove diseased plants. There is no need to carry out normalization, since the variety "black pearls" gives a good and high-quality crop, even with a high load of vines.
Pearl Prevention and Protection
Like many plants in the garden, grapes are also prone to attack by diseases and pests. If preventive measures are taken in time, then many troubles can be avoided.
If a spider mite attacks, then the vine leaves will not be able to photosynthesize. As a result, the plant is deformed, the leaves curl and completely fall off. The carriers of this parasite are weeds and dry weather. To avoid this, weed harvesting and weeding of grapes should be carried out. During a period of drought, carry out abundant watering of grapes. You can also launch biological enemies of ticks into the vineyard. These are flower bugs and ladybugs.
To protect against root aphids, many gardeners advise planting a vine on grapes that are immune to it.
For prevention from phylloxera, it is necessary to treat the bushes with systemic insecticides. Processing should be carried out twice with a break of two weeks.
Processing grapes with herbicides until greens appear, you can fight against the pads.
Photo grapes "black pearl" is presented below in the article.
What do people say about the variety? Reviews about the grapes "black pearl" are very different, but mostly positive. For example, people say that after growing a "pearl" for several years, they have never encountered mildew on a plant. The winter tolerates grapes well, if you cover it with a film.
"Black Pearl" will be a great purchase for your vineyard. It will not only decorate your garden, but will also present clusters of excellent raw materials for making an amazing drink. Grapes will be a great addition to your table and add vitamins and minerals to your body. The fruits will be a wonderful and healthy treat for the children and your guests.
Grapes are also useful for older people. Eating it will increase the content of nitric oxide in the blood - this prevents the appearance of blood clots.
Grapes increase appetite, so if you monitor your weight, you need to control the consumption of these berries. Eating grapes moderately, you will not cause harm to your figure.