What is a jumper in construction? Definition: this is a structure that blocks, or rather is horizontally, and takes on the pressure coming from above from a wall or floor slabs. Such structures are used in the manufacture of monolithic structures, reinforced concrete buildings, brick structures, as well as structures made of stone or natural materials. These reinforced concrete auxiliary devices equip openings above windows and doors. Create floors using structures that take on the load.
Types of Jumpers
- Monolithic.
- National teams.
The first is produced at a construction site. After installing the formwork, the reinforcing mesh is fixed, which is subsequently filled with cement concrete mortar. Prefabricated are made in production and then in the required quantity delivered to construction sites by specialized transport.
Jumper classification
Jumpers are:
- Lumpy type. Width up to 250 millimeters. It is marked PB.
- Tiled. Width is more than 250 millimeters. It is marked with PP.
- Beam. It is used when supporting or adjoining parts of a floor slab. It is labeled with PG.
- Facade. What is a jumper for the facade? This is a product that is used to close the opening. The thickness of the wall in the opening of the window or door that protrudes will be from 250 millimeters or more. It is marked PF.
Production
What is a jumper? This is a reinforced concrete product, the production of which uses heavy concrete and reinforcing cages. The type of cement-concrete mixture and the type of reinforcing cage are selected based on the necessary strength requirements for future reinforced concrete products. Lintels are also made of cellular concrete. They are distinguished by low specific gravity, low thermal conductivity, which allows you not to worry about further warming.
They are available with two types of reinforcement:
- from reinforcement of a stressed type;
- from fittings of unstressed type;
It is treated from external factors that can aggressively affect the reinforcing cage, for example, corrosion. Reinforced concrete products differ in form, applied finishing technology and ability to absorb load.
Lightweight jumpers
What is a mesh concrete bridge? This product, which, despite its low specific gravity, withstands the necessary compressive and fracture loads. This is ensured by reinforcement, the quality of the aggregates and the clarity of the technology followed. The aggregate perceives compressive loads, and tensile reinforcement. Aerated concrete products are used in the construction of structures up to five floors high, because they do not have the strength inherent in reinforced concrete products.
Marking
What is a jumper? This is a product that is marked with letters and numbers, for example, 3PB-33.16-3p. The numbers in the marking indicate the size of the cross sections (length, width, height) and an indicator that characterizes the calculated load for structural elements. The letters indicate its appearance, and the final letter "P" (if any) indicates the presence of lifting loops.
Transportation and storage
What are jumpers in construction? These are auxiliary products that are easily transported horizontally in specialized vehicles. When loading, they are stacked tightly to each other, while using gaskets. Before completing the lower row of jumpers, pads are placed downward perpendicularly. Usually made of wood, because they are more than other materials capable of distributing to themselves the voltage received by the jumpers. At the end of laying the jumpers, they are fixed in the transported vehicle, bursting against the edges, if they were not laid in specially made forms for them. When loading and unloading jumpers, gripping mechanisms and lifting equipment are used. Jumpers are unloaded in blocks.