Everyone knows that the quality of the future building can be judged by the quality of the construction of the foundation. Building a house begins with a project. First of all, it is necessary to prepare the right project for the pile foundation.
This document contains a lot of useful information: parameters of the future structure, the amount of consumables, time and money. The absence of a pile foundation project can lead to negative consequences, up to the destruction of the erected house.
Pile foundation advantage
The main advantage of the pile foundation is its reliability. On the territory with weak soils, it is the pile foundations that are used, because the supports sink to a sufficiently large depth. This design is characterized by durability, reliability and stability. In addition, its construction requires a minimum amount of concrete.
Foundation calculation
Foundation calculation is an important component of project documentation. It must be performed correctly, because a small deviation can reduce the life of the building by 20 years.
A competent calculation of the design of the pile foundation is especially necessary on unstable soils with high humidity or with various complex terrain reliefs.
A modeled design is characterized by great stability. Compared with the strip foundation, the construction of such is much cheaper.
Foundations with grillage
The grillage is the upper part of the foundation and, accordingly, the support for the future building. The grillage and piles are combined by electric welding or ordinary concrete pouring.
By the method of installation, the tape and tile grillages are divided.
By type of material:
- Hanging concrete.
- With concrete reinforcement.
- Made of wood.
- Reinforced concrete.
- Combined.
All these aspects should be spelled out and calculated in the design of the pile foundation with grillage.
Design Features
The project of pile foundations for a cottage can be anything. Its features are determined by the type of soil, the peculiarity of building materials, the number of floors of the future building and the individual preferences of the customer.
What do they pay special attention to when designing?
1. Piles. When developing projects of pile foundations, particular attention is paid to this particular component. Since they serve as a support for the future structure, this material should be taken with full seriousness. A quality foundation is constructed from pipes with suitable parameters for a particular soil. In addition, it is necessary to correctly calculate their number, location, distance between each other and the depth of screwing.
If you yourself have decided to draw up a pile foundation project for a residential building, you should definitely familiarize yourself with the recommendations of the pile manufacturers and the state standard specifications for them.
2. Building materials and number of storeys. The bearing characteristics of the foundation directly depend on these indicators. After all, the main thing is the weight of the future design. Remember that pile foundation designs are developed for building structures up to 3 floors.
As a building material for the construction of a building with a screw foundation, you can use brick, wood, concrete, gas and foam blocks, etc. In this aspect, there are practically no restrictions.
3. The soil. As we said above, this type of foundation allows you to build objects on any soil with any irregularities, with the exception of rocky sections.
Mounting
If the project of the pile foundation of the cottage is ready, you can proceed with the installation. First of all, they will find out the level of soil freezing, because piles must be installed below this level.
Often, piles with a thickness of 100 to 500 mm are used in the construction. When screwing in, make sure that the angle between the pile and the ground on all sides is 90 ° . Often this process is performed using special equipment. Now, by welding, heads are attached to the pipes, and cement with reinforcement is poured into the cavity of the piles.
At the final stage, the piles are strapped. Using anchor bolts on piles, logs, metal channels, beams or wooden beams are fixed.
Conclusion
The pile foundation project is an important component in the construction of a future reliable and durable construction. Properly prepared documentation will allow you to build high-quality and comfortable housing in the shortest possible time.