Although many people have heard the word “damper”, what this product is, not everyone knows. But this device is located almost everywhere around us. So where can one meet the damper and what is it like?
General information
Translated from German, the word "damper" means "muffler, silencer." By and large, this device is a kind of shock absorber, which is designed to prevent fluctuations that occur in various systems, devices, machines, structures and structures during their operation. How to define the concept of “damper” in a general sense? What is it, it’s quite easy to understand, since all devices that act soothingly and soothingly can be called this term.
Varieties of Dampers
Almost any product or device that is designed to soften something, called dampers. There are a great many of them. So the most common rubber gasket can be called a “damper”. What kind of device is it in a deeper sense, it will become clear after considering its main types. Dampers are pneumatic and hydraulic. However, there are many varieties. So, hydraulic are divided into:
- flow stabilizers;
- ripple dampers;
- shock absorbers;
- dampers.
Often, in the role of hydraulic devices of this type, diaphragm, piston or balloon accumulators are used,
Scope of dampers
Pneumatic and hydraulic dampers are used in measuring instruments, automatic regulators,
hydraulic systems. The damper winding is used in electric
machines (inductor). It prevents a sharp increase in voltage. It also limits the fluctuation of switching currents in an electrical circuit during a short circuit. In automobile transport, a damper is also used. What is this device on the machine? The suspension of various vehicles use well-known shock absorbers, which, in essence, are damping devices.
The irreplaceable damper (what is it in avionics)
Modern avionics are unable to operate without an aeroelastic vibration damper. They are tested by every
aircraft. The damper is designed to damp short-term oscillations of the aircraft in automatic mode. In this case, its role is extremely important, since it is necessary to prevent the buildup of the aircraft, leading to overloads and destruction of all its structures. Such a damper is a whole system of gyroscopic sensors that control the angular movement of the aircraft, an electronic signal processing and amplification circuit. But this is not a complete list of the elements of this device. There are also actuators included in the mechanical control wiring, which allow you to control the damper. What does this give the pilot? Thanks to these units, the damper signals do not mix with other sounds of self-propelled guns (automatic control systems).
Other applications of dampers
The use of these devices in speaker systems called speakers is very common. In this case, the damper is the rim that attaches the membrane to the frame. Most often,
polymeric materials (for high frequencies), foam rubber and rubber (for medium and low) are used to produce such a product. The damper is used to damp the residual vibrations of the sound membrane. These devices are also indispensable in the production of stringed musical instruments. In this case, the damper is a device designed to damp the vibrations of strings. It consists of several planks (for harp) and blocks (for piano). For greater efficiency, they are pasted over with fillets (soft felt).
The main properties of the damper
One of the most important properties of this device is considered to be a decrease in the quality factor (parameters of the oscillatory system). The principle of its operation is based on the transfer of the energy received by the damper into the destruction of metal or heat.
Steering damper
This device is most often encountered by motorcyclists. They know exactly what the steering damper is. What is this detail? Most often, problems with this device occur when driving on bumpy and rough roads. At the same time, the motorcyclist notices that the front wheel of the bike begins to “walk”, and the steering wheel deviates from side to side, which often leads to a fall. The reason for this problem is the imperfection of modern motorcycles. To minimize such a problem, a damper is installed, which is a tube filled with oil. It has a stock and a piston inside. The body of this device is attached to the frame. The stem is connected to the front fork. The most popular among bikers are telescopic and rotary steering dampers. In
road transport, there is another variation of this device. The steering rack damper is a conventional shock absorber with two-way action. It is attached in a special way. It is located on the
steering rack between its body and rods. Most often, this kind of device can be found on SUVs. Thanks to him, the driver’s wheel does not pop out of his hands even when riding on stones, pits and bumps. Such a damper is also used in rear-wheel drive cars to increase their stability.
Application of the device in the furniture industry
In almost all modern cabinet furniture, a furniture damper is used. What it is? Such devices are specifically designed for these products. Their purpose is to make opening and closing doors as quiet and smooth as possible. They are also used in flaps opening downwards. Furniture dampers are made of modern, high-strength materials.