For drilling wells, the price varies depending on the soil and the depth of water and starts from 4 thousand rubles per meter. Of course, the work can be done independently, but for this you need the appropriate knowledge and special tools. The location of the well should be perpendicular to the flow of groundwater. If the soil has a dense and dry structure, the process can be simplified by the periodic addition of 2-3 liters of water. As a rule, a spoon drill is used, but for dense and viscous rocks, a serpentine tool becomes the best option. It should be noted that well drilling at the last stage is always carried out with a spoon drill, regardless of the unit used previously.
What determines the cost
The main factor in pricing is the depth of digging, which depends on the occurrence of the aquifer. That is, the farther it is from the surface, the more expensive it is to drill and use more materials. The complexity of the work is affected by the type of soil on the site. Stony dense soil complicates the task, while digging soft soil is much easier.
There are two methods for creating a well:
- well drilling by a machine;
- manual digging.
The depth of the aquifer is the main determining factor in the choice of methodology.
Cladding
The inner surface of the mine is lined with various materials that prevent wall shedding and melt water. Most often, a wooden blockhouse, brick, concrete rings and stone are used. Each material has its own characteristics and advantages. For example, brick cladding requires a lot of time and effort, while this method is quite dangerous. When using concrete rings, there is a chance of leakage, but then the work is much faster. It is also worth noting that the rings in the upper part of the mine can begin to move over time, this is caused by a change in the soil in the upper layers and the influence of precipitation. As a result, stones and sand fall into the water. In addition to the materials used for cladding, the means for sealing and strengthening are taken into account in the determination of value.
What is included in the well creation process
Drilling a well with a machine can include the entire process of arranging a water source, or just digging a pit, everything here depends on the financial capabilities and wishes of the customer.
The list of additional works contains the following items:
- Pumping liquid. First comes dirty water mixed with soil. After pumping it out, you can immediately use the well.
- Creating a blind area. It provides protection against surface water and reinforces the top of the shaft.
- Filter. As filter materials, as a rule, gravel and crushed stone are used. The bottom of the well is filled with stones, while their layer should be at least 25 cm.
- Plumbing device. To supply water, both manual and electrical mechanisms can be used.
- The construction of the canopy. The construction is made from the selected materials, and at the same time, each person can carry out this stage of work.
- Soil removal. In some cases, excavated land is not used on the site, so there is a need for its removal.
Tool
Drilling a well for water, depending on the available soil, can be carried out by the shock or rotational method, each of which requires the use of different tips. The drill consists of the following elements:
- Swivel - a tip used to control the tool and wound onto the top of the rod.
- Tapered threaded drill bit worn on shaft sleeve. For its manufacture, solid steel is used.
- The rod has a square shape and thickness within 50 mm.
Well Drilling: Features
Soil crumbling during work can clog the well. To prevent its collapse, a casing pipe is put on the drill , the diameter of which significantly exceeds the size of the drill. At the edges of the pipe there is a thread necessary for building up as the well deepens.
In order for the drill to move strictly vertically, a thick board with a cut-out hole is installed at the proposed location of the well, in accordance with the dimensions of the casing. In the process of building it, the hole gradually expands.
Well drilling is carried out with various tools selected according to the type of soil. Wet and dry sands require the use of a spoon and a bailer. If the soil contains a large amount of pebbles and gravel, a chisel is added to the bailer.
For rocks with high and medium density, well drilling is applied using the shock method. It is carried out on a rope or bar. The first option is optimal for creating a deep mine. Drilling and pumping machines have also become quite widespread . The digging speed with their use is 2 m / h, while two people are required to carry out the work.