Specialists who analyze the activities of libraries note a negative trend in using the same forms of work in them. Fascinating programs for readers are rarely developed at present. As a rule, the organization of long-known events is being rebuilt without introducing any new elements into them. This significantly reduces the interest in visiting institutions. As a result, libraries are gradually starting to turn into archives. Meanwhile, one of the priority tasks of the cultural and educational sphere is the development of love and respect for books. Next, we consider some types and forms of library activities.
Information Day
During it, various forms of library activities for children and adults can be used. Organizing an information day involves developing an exciting program. Its main goal is to inform readers about new arrivals. The frequency of the conduct will depend on the volume of incoming literature. If it is small, then organizing an information day is advisable once a month. The institution informs readers of the date using posters, advertisements, in the local press or in special letters. The messages give specific names and forms of library activities that will be carried out as part of the information day. The program may include familiarization with art publications, critical notes. During the day of information, the authors themselves may speak, presenting their works. This form of holding library events has many advantages. First of all, readers get acquainted with the works one of the first. If the presentation is attended by the authors themselves, you can take an autograph from them and ask questions of interest.
Specialist day
It acts as a special form of library methodological events. Organization of a specialist’s day also involves the preparation of a comprehensive program. It includes a direct demonstration of primary and secondary documentation, familiarization with advanced scientific achievements in the cultural and educational field. By its nature, the day of the specialist acts as an intermediate form of work. There can be many library activities. However, the day of the specialist has special practical significance among them. During it, the institution’s employees themselves receive methodological information, explanations of certain instructions. Within the framework of the specialist’s day, it is advisable to organize seminars and discussions. They may discuss innovative forms of library activities.
Overview
This form of library activities has a number of features. The review involves familiarization with the documents, a summary of their content. It may be thematic. For example, the forms of library events on ecology involve acquainting readers with the latest scientific articles on environmental issues, and a demonstration of publications devoted to the natural habitat. As part of the review day, experts and experts can speak. They give comments on articles, notes, explain the significance of certain discoveries. Such forms of library activities in ecology instill a craving for knowledge, an understanding of the importance of the topic and the role of each person in protecting nature.
Book discussion
As part of this form of library activities for children and adults, different points of view regarding a specific publication are considered. Its substantial and artistic merits and demerits are discussed. In the conversation, attention is focused on the relevance of the problems raised in the book, topics, the method of presentation of the material, and so on. Phased organization is characteristic of this form of library activities. At the first stage, preparation is carried out. In particular, a work and a discussion topic are selected in accordance with the interests of the audience. After that, information is collected and processed - the opinions of critics, literary critics, and reader ratings. After this, abstracts are prepared and a discussion plan is prepared: introduction to the problem, raising questions. During the conversation, it is important to organize a dialogue, exchange of opinions and conclusions, summarize all that has been said and evaluate the result. Any artwork, including the one studied at school, can be brought up for discussion. Such forms of library events by Lermontov, Tolstoy, Pushkin and other classics will be very informative.
Reader's Benefit
As part of this form of library activities for youth, acquaintance with the best visitors of the institution is carried out. Benefit aims to strengthen the credibility of readers, increase their social status. In the course of its holding, other visitors get acquainted with the biography of a person, some aspects of his life. The best readers, in turn, can show their favorite books, introduce them to their content and their opinions about them. As part of the performance, musical compositions can also be listened. The main objective of this form of library activities is to illustrate the role of the book in the formation of a person’s personality, his fate, and mastery of knowledge.
Bookcrossing and Flashbook
Recently, completely new forms of library activities have begun to be used in practice. Their list for today is still small, but among them we can note those that have already become popular. First of all, it should be said about bookcrossing. It is, simply put, the process of releasing various books. A man, having read some work, leaves it in a public place. It can be a metro station, cafe, park and so on. Another person can take this book and, having read it, also leaves it in some place. At the same time, the publication receives its unique number, by which it can be tracked on special sites.
Flashbook is the second popular form of library events today. This term is called a book flash mob on the Internet. Those who want to participate in the action create a page in social networks (Odnoklassniki, VKontakte, Facebook, etc.) in the name of the work. After that, the initiators begin to invite users to their community. On the page you can upload vivid quotes from the work, illustrations, biographical information, excerpts from the correspondence of the author, etc. Modern forms of library events require, as a rule, a PC and the Internet. Moreover, often people in one group or another are found in real life.
Literary karaoke
New forms of library activities should be fun in the first place. It is important to ensure an atmosphere in which readers can express their opinions without hesitation, demonstrate their abilities and talents. New forms of library events include various contests and promotions. For example, literary karaoke can be very exciting. It is a competition of readers to music. The melody is matched to the rhythm, size or mood of the poem. The reader does not know what kind of work he will get. The challenge is to catch the rhythm of music and verse and put them together.
Literary Opening Day
Many poets, writers, as part of their work, dedicate works to outstanding figures of art and culture. Literary Opening Day is a game in which two teams participate. The first presents such "portraits". For example, a small annotation to the biography is given, verses or prose are read. The task of the second team is to guess the person in question.
Shock lesson
This form of events is prepared on a specific topic. For example, a shock lesson can be devoted to drug addiction, smoking, AIDS. The basis can be letters from people who have become addicted or have a disease, their revelation. At the same time, the source material is not edited, but presented in its original form, while maintaining vocabulary and content. As part of such classes, it is advisable to show videos. During the lesson, statistics are presented.
Divertissement evening
It is a small concert. As part of the evening, poems and prose are read, music is played, including live. The program may include works of completely different genres. These can be popular songs, classical melodies, comic scenes, serious monologues. In such a relaxed atmosphere, communication takes place.
Question and Answer Evening
During the event, readers are involved in cognitive activity, interest in industry and fiction is activated. Questions can be devoted to a specific topic or several subjects. The choice will depend on the interests of readers. Previously, readers make lists of questions from which a certain number of them are selected. An evening can, for example, be spent on the subject of local history. Specialists, historians, museum workers are invited to the institution. As part of the form of library events on local history, readers will learn many interesting facts about their region from the lips of experts.
Games
These forms of library activities have become very popular lately. To familiarize readers with the culture, history of the region, traditions, travel games are organized. Events are held in imaginary conditions. All participants receive specific roles. They can write letters, diaries from the scene. Such events activate the imagination. Before the game, participants prepare, collect and study information on the topic, maps, directories and more.
"Heap Heap"
The name of this event comes from the Japanese word translated “chatter”. “Pecha-Kucha” involves the presentation of short reports, limited in content and form. As a rule, this form of events is used at informal conferences. The speaker makes a presentation presentation, consisting of, for example, 20 slides. Each of them is shown for 20 seconds. After the last frame, the report of the next participant starts automatically. The number of such presentations can vary from 8 to 12.
"5 minutes with art"
This event is a flexible and easy form of familiarization with the beautiful. It implements the principle of "small dosage". Such events are designed for people who are not accustomed to artistic thinking. In this regard, communication with art is small and short-lived. For several minutes, the perception of one or more works takes place. In this case, no analysis and evaluation is performed. The essence of the event is to express their own impression of the shown work. In this case, there should be no imposition of anyone's opinion.
The organization and holding of such an event requires careful preparation. In this case, various aspects are taken into account. Attention is drawn to the arrangement of chairs, the interior, a demonstration place. A short introduction is required. It will provide the necessary psychological attitude. The final point regarding the direct communication of the participants is also important.
Experts recommend periodically conducting such events. For example, you can make a series of displays of the works of any author, timed to coincide with the anniversary. It is very effective to use a double art series. Works of various kinds may be on display, with one acting as a background. For example, when showing the painting "Spring" (Botticelli) , Vivaldi's music is turned on. In this case, two psychological channels will be activated: the auditory and the visual. Some impressions will be reinforced by others.
Particular attention should be paid to the content of the material. It should be accessible to understanding and informative. Positive emotions caused by such five-minute periods contribute to the awakening of interest in art.
Bibliotherapy
Literally, it means "book treatment." The official definition of bibliotherapy was given by the Association of Hospital Libraries. Such treatment involves the use of specially selected works as therapeutic agents in psychiatry and general medicine. With the help of directed reading, various personal problems are solved. Initially, the sage, the thinker, the impeccable ascetic ascetic, who devoted his life to studying the spiritual side of the world, was called the therapist. In the modern sense, they can be considered an "information worker treating with a word."
The essence of therapy
It has been scientifically established that reading books can have a beneficial effect on a person. Certain works contribute to recovery, maintaining psychological balance. The art of a smart, beautiful, kind word can cause a revolution in consciousness, change a person’s views on certain phenomena. The power of artwork is very great.
The origin of book therapy
For the first time, works of art began to be used in monasteries. As a rule, these were church publications. The shepherd read prayers before people, clarified the law of God. Bibliotherapy is currently used in the treatment of people with neurosis. Moreover, the impact is carried out not only by word, but also by music. The latter acts as a background, shading the tonality of the reader. The truth that the word has healing properties was known in ancient times. Along with music, it had a beneficial effect on all living things, on the mood and feelings of people. The well-known Hippocrates specially prescribed to patients the courses of such treatment. Pythagoras once said that music can save people from madness. During the period of illness, the artistic perception of a person changes. So, some begin to be attracted to works filled with despair and pessimism. In such books, a person tries to draw parallels with his life. It happens differently. Man, on the contrary, is attracted to works full of optimism and ending well.
Methodology
Bibliotherapy can be carried out in various ways. The most effective is the cycle of "healing" hours. Within each of them, a literary and musical composition with a certain psychological attitude is presented. Poems, prose, melody are specially selected. Literary and musical compositions should evoke good, bright feelings in the audience, help them gain confidence, a fulcrum in a stressful situation. Book therapy is aimed at correcting the psychological perception of the world.
The fundamental difference between bibliotherapeutic hours and traditional events is that only music and the word are used for exposure. In such cases, the usual propaganda of the book is absent - elements of conversation, review, etc. The key task of the librarian is to act as a skilled performer, reader. Equally important is the consistency of the contents of the book with the selected melody. You can start the composition with slow, calm music, gradually translating it into a more lively one. The event can be completed with a melody that conveys the sounds of nature. Watch themes can be very different. For example, works about happiness, family, love, friendship, communication with nature, art are read.
Additional Information
It is worth saying that today there are disputes about the benefits and dangers of certain literary works. The therapeutic effect is undoubtedly provided by a book written by a spiritually healthy author. The mechanism of therapy consists in a person recognizing himself in the hero of the work, trying on the lessons that he learns from the events described. It is known that optimistic people recover faster. According to representatives of eastern medicine, treatment will not bring any results if a person is depressed and devastated. Accordingly, “Anna Karenina” should not be given to a patient experiencing a family disorder. As observations show, the reading of Brodsky, Shakespeare, Bunin helps to get rid of gloomy thoughts that depress a person. Dostoevsky’s works are mysterious. They awaken in some readers previously unknown experiences and sensations. Some are tired of Tolstoy's works. The books of Gogol and Chekhov are distinguished by their unusualness, variety of moods. , .
Conclusion
. , , . , . , , , . . .
. . . , , , , .