Light weight, ease of installation and aesthetic appearance - this is an incomplete list of the advantages of such a wonderful material as metal tile. Many owners of country houses would surely like to know how to lay it, because this inexpensive variety of profiled sheet with an original relief is quite popular in our country. This is what we’ll talk about later in the article.
Material characteristics
To begin with, let's figure out what, in fact, is such a material as metal tile. How to put it on the roof, we'll figure it out a bit later. For the manufacture of metal tile sheets, high grade steel is used. Corrosion protection is made of zinc, phosphates and polymeric materials. From the back, the sheets are covered with a special varnish. Even before the application of the protective layers, the metal is stamped so that characteristic waves are produced on it. Therefore, from afar, a building covered with such sheets looks like tiled.
What to look for when choosing
When choosing a metal tile, you need to pay attention to the following indicators:
- The thickness used for the manufacture of steel. According to the regulations, to protect the roof, a material no thinner than 0.5 mm should be used.
- The thickness of the zinc coating. This indicator should be at least 275 g / m 2 . It is very good if the sheets are covered not just with zinc, but with its alloy with aluminum.
- A kind of polymer coating. For roof sheathing of buildings built in the southern regions, it is worth using sheets with a UV-resistant coating that is resistant to UV rays. In a sharply continental climate, material with a protective layer of pural, which is not afraid of temperature extremes, will last longer. Polyester and plastisol can be used almost everywhere.
What should be the color of the sheets
When choosing the color of the material, you need to keep in mind that sheets of dark shades burn out faster than light. However, despite this, the most popular shades at the moment are dark red and cherry. Perhaps this information will be useful to someone, but, of course, usually the choice is made taking into account the design features of the building itself. In any case, a house covered with this kind of profiled sheet will look stylish and aesthetically pleasing. All metal tiles available on the modern market are distinguished by juicy, eye-pleasing colors.
What should be the crate
Before you begin to figure out how to lay down a metal tile, let's see how to arrange a crate for it. Since the material is strong enough to bend, a solid base under it is not necessary. Of course, before installing the sheets, the roof must be waterproofed. Typically, a plastic film is used for this purpose.
What else is put under the metal tile? Instead of polyethylene, you can use a special membrane. Such material will cost more, but there will be more sense from it. Modern waterproofing membranes are able to pass steam from the inside (from the “pie”) and not to let water outside - from the side of the street. Of course, this will contribute to the safety of the internal structures of the roof. Mount the waterproofing with a slight sag, otherwise the rafter system, with shrinkage and strong wind, will move, and it will simply break.
Some owners of country houses are also interested in the question of whether it is possible to put metal tiles on roofing material or not. Use of this material is also permitted. However, in this case, it is important to prevent contact with the sheets. Otherwise, the metal tile will begin to rust quickly. Both films and roofing felt are best secured to the rafters with bars. The crate will continue to be filled with them. Thus, a small ventilation layer is obtained, which will extend the life of the roof.
There are no special requirements for the material of the crate itself. The metal tile is lightweight and does not overload the rafter system. The only thing you need to take care of when deciding how to put the crate under the metal tile is that the step between the crates is equal to the wavelength of the sheets. Otherwise, fixing the material will be difficult. The crate is fixed with necessarily galvanized nails.
Calculation of metal
Before you begin to understand how to put metal on the roof, let's see how this material is calculated. Finding out the number of sheets needed to cover is not so difficult. On a gable roof, the area of ​​the ramps is first calculated. Next, divide the result by the area of ​​the sheet. At the moment, manufacturers produce metal tiles of various sizes. The length of the sheet can vary from 0.5 to 6 m. Most often on sale you can find a material of 4.5 m. Such sheets are more convenient to lay, and therefore are sold better. The width of the material varies from 1.16 to 1.19 m. In the event that the sheets purchased are smaller than the slope, the horizontal overlap must be taken into account in the calculation. Usually its width is 15 cm.
For four-pitched roofs, calculations are, of course, more difficult. In this case, you have to use the formula for calculating the area of ​​the triangle - S = ½ c x h, where c is the length of the base, h is the length of the height drawn to it.
What you need to purchase for roofing
Now you know how to choose and calculate a material such as metal tiles. How to put it correctly is a question, which rests, inter alia, on how and what you need to cut the sheets and fasten them to the crate. Before installation, you need to prepare:
- Scissors for metal. It is impossible to cut this roofing material with a grinder, since in this case the polymer layer is burned.
- Roulette and square.
- Roofing self-tapping screws with wide washers.
- The staircase.
- Soft shoes. Walk on the sheets during installation as carefully as possible. If the polymer coating is damaged, the material will not last long.
Gutter mount
The drainage system should be arranged under the roof of any material. Including such as metal. How to lay sheets on top of the gutter? Subsequently, they will need to be located in such a way that water gets into this receiver. The sheets are fixed above the cornice, covering the holders of the gutter. The latter are nailed to the bottom of the crate of ramps. The step between them depends on the type of drainage system.
Sheet mounting procedure
Next, the metal tile itself is mounted. How to put this material? In fact, it is not difficult. The work is carried out in several stages:
- The first eaves strip is mounted. You can simply nail it with galvanized nails. In this case, the overlap between the elements should be 10 cm. The nails are beaten in increments of 30 cm.
- Next mounted metal. How to put the first sheet of material? This question is really very important. After all, all other elements will be aligned on it. Roofing begins with the end. The first sheet is lifted to the roof and carefully aligned on the ledge with a ledge 4-5 cm. Then it is fixed with a screw on the ridge.
- Raise the second sheet, align it and attach to the first wave crest at the top and bottom with two screws.
- This way you can staple up to four sheets.
- Next, the group is carefully aligned on the ledge and fixed to the crate completely. Fixation is made by self-tapping screws in the interval between the waves, through one.
- In places of overlap, the sheets are fastened to the crest of the wave (also through one).
Thus sheathe the entire roof. At the last stage, end plates are fixed .
Installation of endows
How to put metal on the roof, we have figured out. Next, we consider the installation technology of various additional elements. Modern cottages often have an original design, and their roofs have a complex structure. Sewing the roof of such a building will most likely have to mount valleys. Usually they come complete with the metal tile itself. Even before installing the sheets at each junction of the slopes, it will be necessary to fix the lower bar of the metal valley. The overlap between the elements in this case should be about 15-20 cm. The bracket is fixed on the self-tapping screws with a step of 20 cm. After the roof sheathing with a metal tile, the upper decorative valley of the valley is installed at the junction.
Installation of the “apron” of the pipe
The question of how to properly lay a metal tile comes down to how to sheathe a chimney. In order to mount the “apron”, you need to hollow in its walls strobes with a depth of 15 mm. "Aprons", like endovies, are usually supplied complete with sheets. Heat-resistant waterproofing (5 cm) must be led out onto the pipe. An additional crate is packed around the chimney. After mounting the metal tile sheets, the “apron” itself is attached. Its upper slats need to be pressed to the pipe and bring their edges into the strobes, having previously smeared the latter with sealant. The “apron” is attached to the installed additional crate through the metal tile. At the last stage, all four parts of the apron are connected by self-tapping screws.
Mounting the ridge and ventilation elements
The skate for a roof made of metal can have a triangular or semicircular shape. In the latter case, special plugs are provided at its ends. Mount the skate on the seal with self-tapping screws through the wave. The overlap between the elements should be 10 cm.
Holes must be drilled for ventilation before mounting the sheets. After the roof is sheathed, their edges are treated with sealant and ventilation elements are inserted into them. Mounting is performed on a self-tapping screw.
Installation of snow retainers
How to lay the metal tile and additional elements, we hope you now understand. Sheathing is high-quality, but, unfortunately, very slippery. Therefore, in the winter, real avalanches can descend from the roof covered with it. In order to prevent this from happening, it is definitely worth installing snow retainers. They are mounted 35 centimeters from the eaves. The step between the mounting brackets is about a meter. At the edges of the brackets are mounted at a distance of half a meter from the ends of the snow retainers. In the event that the roof slope is longer than 8 mm, special intermediate elements are additionally installed. Mandatory snow retention must be mounted above the skylights.
Roof windows
Under the roof of modern country houses, an attic is usually arranged. Of course, this room should be well lit. The area of ​​windows is calculated taking into account the area of ​​the attic, as 1 to 10. That is, in the attic of 30 m2 you will need to arrange windows with a total area of ​​3 m2.
Most often, frames are installed at a height of about a meter from the ceiling. The easiest way is to purchase ready-made windows and mount them according to the manufacturer's instructions. Frames are attached simultaneously to the crate and rafters. Window openings are cut out in a metal tile with metal scissors. Performing this work, it is necessary to take into account the fact that they should be 6 cm larger than the window frames horizontally and 4 vertically. This space is further filled with insulation.
Roof insulation from metal
So, the roof is made of such a wonderful material as metal tile. How to lay sheets, you now know. However, in order to arrange a full attic, the roof should be insulated. The easiest way to perform this operation from the inside is from the attic. The roof is insulated in this case in several stages:
- Rafters are treated with antifungal and flame retardant agents.
- Between them, insulation plates are installed. Usually it is mineral wool or polystyrene foam. The insulator is fixed with a wire.
- Next, a vapor insulator is stuffed on the rafters with bars.
- The finishing trim is attached to the bars. This can be plywood, boards, wall paneling, drywall, etc.
Well, hopefully, we answered the main question of the article - how to lay down the metal tile correctly. Observing all the required technologies, you can arrange a beautiful, durable and, most importantly, reliable roof.