Daisies are valued for their simple beauty and charm. These flowers will become an ornament of any site, besides they are not particularly pretentious to the soil and place. The garden navyavnik, planting and care of which is very simple, blooms throughout the summer. Depending on the variety, it can have simple, double or semi-double inflorescences.
Leucanthem: description
Under one common name, a whole genus of perennial and annual plants belonging to the family Astrovidae (Compositae) is united. Most of the species are inhabitants of Europe and the temperate zone of Asia, as an imported species, common ruffle is found in Australia, New Zealand, and North America.
Many mistakenly believe that the well-known camomile is a separate flower. In fact, this is an inflorescence, and quite large in size. The basket contains marginal and tubular flowers. According to various sources, from 25 to 70 species are included in the genus. In gardening, only four gained the most popularity.
Kinds
- Leucanthemum is the largest. The plant is native to the slopes of the Pyrenees, reaches a height of 50-100 cm, and large inflorescences have a diameter of 10-12 cm, can be simple or double. A distinctive feature is a later flowering period (from July to frost). Some garden varieties: Alaska (pictured above), Beethoven, Little Princess, Snow Lady.
- Alpine nyvyanik. Landing and caring for it are slightly different. The plant comes from the slopes of the mountains, prefers loose, well-drained soil. Ideal for group landings, it has a miniature size - only 15-20 cm in height. The flowers are large, with a slight bluish tint (in the fourth photo).
- Leucanthemum vulgaris is a common meadow chamomile. A perennial plant grows up to 90 cm in height and has medium-sized flowers (6-7 cm in diameter). Varieties: Queen of May, Sanssouci, Mastern, Maxima KΓΆning, Victorian secret, etc.
- Leucanthemum marsh. It forms large bushes up to 25 cm high. The flowers are large, with a large yellow middle.
A place for a garden trimmer and soil
It is important to know that the nyvyanik, planting and care of which, depending on the variety, may differ only slightly, prefers sunny and well-lit places. You can, of course, plant it in a shady corner of the garden, and it will grow there, but the appearance and quality of the flowers will suffer from this. Especially sensitive to lighting is the largest leucanthemum.
To say that the soil should be fertile is unnecessary, because this is a prerequisite for any plant. It is necessary to cultivate the soil at least to a depth of about 30 cm, and select a well-drained place. On poor soils, garden chamomile will grow, but the flowers are chopped. It is recommended to add humus to heavy and light soils (15-20 kg per 1 m 3 ). Marshy areas are not suitable for a nyvyanik; on them it will often hurt, be damaged by a fungus and grow old quickly.
Ordinary nyvyanik: landing and leaving in the spring
Sowing seeds for seedlings begin in March. For this, prepare a small container with a good substrate. The seeds are large, so squeezing them is not difficult. Sow them evenly on the moistened soil layer and sprinkle a little soil on top (0.5-1 cm). The first shoots will appear in a week. After about a month, it is required to dive into a separate pots in a nyvyanik. Planting and care in the open ground for seedlings are possible only in warm climates. In this case, young plants will bloom in the first year, closer to autumn. In the Urals and Siberia, seedlings are planted in open ground in the middle or end of May after the threat of return frosts passes. Since the plants are large and form bushes, leave a distance of about 25 cm between them.
Leucanthemum is a drought tolerant plant; therefore, even young specimens need watering only in a very dry summer. To obtain large flowers, it is recommended to periodically fertilize with complex fertilizers. Frequency - 4-5 times during the active growing season, starting in May. The nivyanik will respond to the introduction of organic matter by building up green mass, but the appearance of flowers will be somewhat delayed, therefore it is recommended to do this before winter.
All wilted flowers should be removed during the season. If you cut the peduncle to the very root, then by autumn the bush will delight you with another wave of bright colors.
Ordinary nyvyanik: planting and leaving in the fall
A bush of daisies must be divided every three to four years, otherwise the plant may die. This is best done in the spring, but autumn seating is also possible. It should be borne in mind that the survival rate is much worse. New plants, separated from the mother bush, at first need to be watered.
Varieties with large and double flowers for the winter will require light shelter. Mulch the bush with a layer of dry leaves (10-15 cm), do not forget to remove them in early spring so that the plant does not rot.
Diseases and Pests
One of the most unpretentious and beautiful garden plants is a nyvyanik. Planting and care are not difficult, but the plant is prone to certain diseases. Of these, most often you can encounter Fusarium, rotting of the base of the stem, spotting, rust, downy and powdery mildew, chrysanthemum miner, meadow trip. The reason is often a cold and rainy summer. As soon as you notice signs of the disease, it is recommended to treat the plant with a solution of 1% Bordeaux mixture. The procedure should be repeated with a frequency of 10 days 3-4 times. You can also sprinkle bushes on top of wood ash. In case of severe damage, remove the entire aerial part and burn, and young shoots will grow quickly.
In conclusion, it is worth saying that the navyanik (planting and care, photo of flowers - all this information is presented in the article) is able to bring charm into any garden. It can be used in the design of mixborders, rabatok, borders and as a pot culture, it is wonderful in the composition of bouquets. Many gardeners practice annual division of the bush to get a large inflorescence on a long peduncle for cutting. Cornflowers, bells, and delphinium are suitable as partners for a garden daisy; moreover, it itself perfectly sets off decorative foliage shrubs.