The heating system can be with natural and forced circulation. The second type is characterized in that in order to ensure the movement of hot water through the pipes, it is additionally necessary to install a pump. It helps the coolant move at a certain speed throughout the system. You need to know how to choose a circulation pump to provide heat in the house and not to encounter problems in the process of heating the home.
Circular Pump Functions
Its basic goal is to achieve a high speed of movement of the coolant (water) through the pipes. Forced circulation systems can reach their capacity only under such conditions. When the process of moving water begins, the pressure in the pipes rises, which is ensured by booster pumps.
Knowing how to choose a circulation pump for heating, everyone will be able to install a good system in the house that will provide the room with the necessary amount of heat for a long time.
Dry Rotor Units
There are only two types of circulation pumps - with wet and dry rotors. They pursue the same goals - to drive water through pipes, but the appearance of the units has significant differences.
The name of the dry rotor pump reflects the essence of its design. It differs in that only the impeller (pump part) is placed in the coolant, and the rotor is located in a special protected case. The liquid is not able to get to it, since it is protected by a whole system of o-rings. Only the impeller of the circulation pump is in the water.
Benefits
Upon learning about the basic properties of the unit, each person will not worry about how to choose a circulation pump, as it will understand their features.
The primary benefits of a dry rotor pump are as follows:
- The device is very useful, has high efficiency indicators.
- The period of use is quite long (about 3 years, but may be longer).
- Heats large rooms well.
However, the unit emits significant noise, which prevents its installation in private homes. Also, such a pump must always be kept in good condition, monitored, because sometimes solid particles that are in the coolant fall into the area of the o-rings. As a result, the complete security of the case is violated. This can lead to breakdowns and excessive heating of the system. Those who are interested in how to choose a circulation pump for a heating system should study a different type of unit. It becomes clear that a dry rotor pump is not suitable for equipping private homes. It will be the best option for factory premises, as it saves energy.
Wet rotor pump
The name of this pump also speaks of its design features. In it, both the impeller and the rotor are located in the water. All electrical parts and starter are in a special protected glass.
Fairly easy to use system. Therefore, the answer to the question of how to choose a circulation pump is not difficult to give. It is enough just to study well the properties of the unit under consideration.
Advantages
This type of pump has its own distinguishing features:
- Its efficiency is much lower than that of a dry rotor. She is 50%. Energy costs will be a little more.
- No additional maintenance required.
- The period of use above is 5-10 years. The term directly depends on the chosen brand.
- Noises are almost inaudible, it works calmly and quietly.
Having studied the properties of both types of units, everyone will know how to choose the right circulation pump for your home. Installation of the considered type of circulation pump (wet) in the house will create a comfortable atmosphere of silence, as well as provide the necessary heat. Many systems are able to deliver exactly the amount of heat that is needed in a given period of time. Therefore, low efficiency is not a significant drawback.
Selection rules
At many enterprises, managers seek to install a circulation pump. Also for owners of large private houses, this is the right decision. But how to choose the right circulation pump for heating?
First you need to study the main technical specifications. They are different for each type of unit.
It is possible to independently calculate the technical characteristics only in the house or apartment. Large factories have to attract specialists. Sometimes for additional information you will have to contact the manufacturer who knows all the measurements and characteristics.
Firstly, it is very important to figure out how to choose the pressure of the circulation pump?
If the pump is needed for the home, then the average characteristics are quite suitable. They imply that the performance of the unit must be directly proportional to the capacity of the boiler. It is also important to consider the head, which on average has a speed of 0.6 m for 10 meters of the pipeline.
To find the pressure value, use the usual formula: the total length of the entire system is multiplied by 0.6 and multiplied by 10.
It is also important to know what speed to select in the boiler circulation pump. Units with any value of this value that do not exceed the boundary of 1.6 m / s are suitable. As a rule, higher values lead to a quick breakdown of the unit, as well as to its strong heating.
If the question of how to choose a circulation pump is taken responsibly, it is important to give preference to systems where there is the possibility of changing the speed of the coolant. This property helps the system to change indicators depending on the temperature in the street. Models operating in multi-speed modes will be the best solution.
For pipes with a small diameter, it is necessary to select the most powerful pump, as this will save from unwanted breakdowns and overheating. For wide pipes, the need for a very powerful system disappears. Given this rule, everyone will know how to choose the power of the circulation pump.
Warm floor
For the construction of underfloor heating, a circulation pump is also used. It can also be useful for a radiator heating system, which is used in private homes.
How to choose a circulation pump for underfloor heating?
It is important to understand that these systems are characterized by low power, as well as low pressure and fluid flow. The energy consumed by the device is also small, and noise during operation of the unit is not heard.
Any circulation pumps required for floor heating have a special digital mark. The first number indicates the diameter of the connection thread, expressed in millimeters or inches. The second designation is a characteristic of pressure. The higher it is, the greater the power of the system.
As for the choice, it is necessary to first know the brand and characteristics of the pump, all this should be indicated in the project for a warm floor.
You can also purchase a system with average statistics (25/40 - 25/60). This is the best option for apartments and houses. If the area of the room is large, then it is possible to install several nodes. There are, in principle, no alternatives.
The radiator heating system is designed much easier, therefore, it is easier to choose a suitable unit for it. How to choose a circulation pump with such a heating system? For small areas, the option with indicators 25/40 is suitable. If the area of the apartment is large, you can already use pumps with indicators 25/60. As the area increases, it is necessary to select a more powerful pump.
You can buy a very powerful pump for a small room. He will also work well in it. However, there is no sense in such a mechanism, since it will cause a large overspending of electricity.
For efficient floor heating, it is important to use sufficiently efficient circulation pumps so that there is not a big difference between the supply and processing temperatures.
DHW
For hot water heating, a familiar centrifugal pump for water will not be a suitable option. The fact is that the system does not provide for high water temperatures.
That is why a pump is needed that is equipped with special materials that withstand temperature fluctuations. The unit should work quietly. The increased noise causes discomfort, which is not very good. Also, the pump should not be very large and consume not a lot of electricity.
The mechanisms used for the heating system are very different from those suitable for domestic hot water. This applies not only to external characteristics, but also operational. It is necessary to constantly monitor that the pump for domestic hot water is not very hot. To prevent this from happening, it is important to select an aggregate that meets all the characteristics.
How to choose a circulation pump for domestic hot water?
Choosing among multiple options, preference should be given to mechanisms with suitable performance. This value represents the volume of fluid that is pumped by the pump per unit of time.
It is also important to consider pressure indicators. It is important that it does not exceed acceptable limits. Power is not the last thing you pay attention to when choosing. The system control options are also evaluated (using a timer or a sensor that responds to temperature changes).
Highly high productivity or system capacity does not make sense, since a sufficiently small volume of water is pumped in the system for heating a residential building. This is done at a low speed. The approximate productivity required to maintain the temperature regime in houses or apartments is 0.2-0.6 cubic meters per hour.
Electricity by circulation pumps is consumed in small quantities, which is very economical. This happens because the power is only 5-20 watts, that is, a relatively small value. This indicator is quite enough so that the pump can always efficiently distill the liquid through the pipes in the room.
The pressure of the fluid flow is an important characteristic when choosing a unit. The system can provide heat supply both in a large house and in a small residential building.
To assess the pressure of the fluid flow and choose a good unit for domestic hot water, you must consider:
- The position of the pipes through which water circulates. They should be approximately at the same level in height. Then you can install pumps with a pressure of 0.5 - 0.8 meters of water.
- The possible position of the pipeline at several levels, which is typical for houses with several floors. This is important to consider, because the liquid must rise to a certain height through the pipes.
Circulation Pump Benefits
The main feature of the circulating unit is its efficiency. Also, the equipment is quite durable, has a small volume, is able to work without creating excessive noise. Knowing how to choose a circulation pump, each person will be able to quality heating in their home.
These advantages are far from basic, since there are a number of other advantages of the circulation system:
- The device is able to distribute heat throughout the room evenly, so all rooms are heated very well, there can be no temperature fluctuations in the presence of a circulation unit.
- It is possible to configure and adjust this system.
- The pump runs without interruption, performs all the prescribed actions in the prescribed manner.
- Energy savings sometimes reach 50%, since many circulating-type systems provide for the adjustment of its consumption.
- When installing pumps without automatic mode, it is also possible to control the room temperature.
- Circulation units can easily cope with both water and ethylene glycol, the temperature can vary from +2 to +130 degrees.
- Efficiency reaches high levels, and silence ensures a comfortable stay in the room. These indicators may vary depending on the option - dry or wet type of circulation pump.
- Provides a constant pressure which is necessary for this system. All equipment related to the system works due to this without failures.
- Good coolant circulation even in a two-story house.
- Long term use. If the pump is selected correctly, it will serve for a long time without the need for repair. In the event of a breakdown, repairing equipment is not a problem, since everything is designed simply.
- Circulation pumps are universal, as they are suitable for the vast majority of heat supply systems.
- The circulation pump provides productive work, good functioning of hidden heat supply systems.
Warnings
It is important to understand that all the characteristics that are presented above are average. You can choose the circulation pump for the boiler correctly if you focus on the area of the house and the power generated by the unit. If there is no knowledge in this matter, it is better to consult with a specialist and entrust him with the implementation of this work.