Drainage pipes for drainage of groundwater today are used in almost every household plot, as well as in the territory of private houses. The complexity of the arrangement of the system will be affected not only by the depth of groundwater, but also the degree of slope of the site, as well as the terrain. Drainage pipes for draining water from the site are designed to protect technical undergrounds, cellars, and other parts of the house from flooding, which can be caused by groundwater, surface runoff and precipitation. If you lay the drains in the trenches around the perimeter of the building, then you can ensure water drainage from the object, eliminating the appearance of dampness and mold, as well as premature destruction of structures.
When wall drainage is needed
Drainage pipes for drainage of groundwater may be needed under different conditions, mainly this need is dictated by the characteristics of the land. But in some other cases, work on the arrangement of drainage systems is shown. This may include the location of some parts of the house below the estimated groundwater level. The arrangement of such a system may be necessary in the case when the basement is located at a height that does not exceed 0.5 meters from the calculated level of groundwater. This may include the arrangement of buried premises on loamy and clay soils, while the presence of groundwater does not matter.
In order to prevent flooding of the territory and limit the flow of fluid to residential buildings and utility structures, a drainage system is being built near the foundation, which is supplemented by a blind area with a slope of 2 percent, while its width should be one meter around the perimeter of the object. After the drainage pipes for drainage of groundwater are laid, a good compaction of the soil should be made when filling the trench. Waterproofing should be applied to the part of the building that is in contact with the soil. This need is independent of the absence or presence of foundation drainage. If the house is built on sandy soil, which quite easily passes water into the underlying soil layers, wall drainage is not equipped. In this case, the soil should not freeze deeper than 80 centimeters.
Ways to divert water from the foundation
If you want to lay drainage pipes for drainage of groundwater, you should first familiarize yourself with the basic technologies for arranging such structures. Thus, there is a closed drainage, which is a trench with sand and gravel. Grooves are dug in the ground, which are filled with sand and gravel in the order listed. In order to achieve a more positive effect, the trenches can be arranged in the shape of a herringbone, the central of which should be made with a slope directed towards the discharge of water. The distance between drains should be determined taking into account the composition of the soil. If we are talking about clay soils, then this parameter does not exceed 10 meters, for loams this figure is 20 meters, while for sandy soils - 50 meters.
Outdoor drainage
This type of drainage is the easiest to install and cheaper to implement. In the process of work it is necessary to equip the grooves, the width of which is 0.5 meters. At the same time, it will be necessary to go deep by 70 centimeters. Digging of grooves is carried out around the perimeter of the site, the sides in the drains should be beveled at an angle of 30 degrees. Water from this system will go into a common gutter. If you decide to use such technology when drainage pipes for groundwater drainage will be laid, it is recommended to consider the photo in advance, they will allow you to understand that the main drawback of such a system is the unattractive appearance that spoils the landscape of the site.
Perforated pipe
Another way to divert water from the foundation is by using a perforated pipeline. This technology is the most popular. The drainage will be deep and is intended to divert high groundwater. Asbestos-cement or ceramic pipes are laid in the soil, in which holes are pre-drilled. A more modern option is perforated plastic or drainage systems, ready for installation. You can find the latter on sale.
Alternative solution to drain water from the foundation: drainage trays
If it is necessary to remove precipitation from the house, drainage trays can be used, for the arrangement of which products from plastic or modified concrete should be used. Trenches will go from the water inlets to the place of discharge, while it is important to ensure a slight slope, which varies from 2 to 3 degrees. Elements are installed in pre-prepared small grooves, the sides of which should be at the same level with the soil surface. Top trays are closed with decorative grilles. If the house is on a raised platform, then open grooves can be formed across the slope, this will ensure the interception of water that flows down from above.
Varieties of drainage pipes
Before choosing drainage pipes for drainage of groundwater, GOST of which will guarantee the quality, you should understand their varieties. For example, HDPE pipes are made in accordance with GOST 16338-85. When choosing drain material, which are perforated pipes, you should be guided by the depth of their laying and the aggressiveness of groundwater. Particularly popular today are plastic pipes, which can be made of polyvinyl chloride, low pressure polyethylene, high density polyethylene and polypropylene. The most popular are plastic drains, which are easiest to lay and deliver to the object. Considering the varieties of such products, it is necessary to highlight the presence or absence of perforation, as well as the purpose for a specific depth of laying.
Drain pipe classification
If you are considering drainage pipes for groundwater drainage, the photos of which are presented in the article, then first of all you need to know that they are divided by area of use. For example, a double-sided pipe has increased strength characteristics, therefore, it is applicable for deep laying in the ground. There are products with a filter, which are designed for those places where it is possible clogging of the system with small particles and siltation of the structure. Large diameter drainage pipes are used when there is a need to divert large volumes of water. When arranging systems, in some cases there is a need to wrap elements in geotextiles. Considering the types of drainage pipes for groundwater drainage, you will find products that are already supplied with geotextiles, and it will be possible to lay such elements to a depth of 3 meters. Technical progress does not stand still, on sale today you can find pipes with a filter of coconut fiber, which allow you to achieve a positive result.
Wavin drain pipe specifications
When choosing components for a foundation moisture protection system, you may prefer Wavin drainage pipes for drainage. They are available in three varieties: without filter, with a filter based on synthetic fiber and with a filter made from natural coconut fiber. Elements are flexible and reliable, so they are easy to stack without fear of damage. They can become part of curved trenches and systems with complex design features. This reduces the number of fittings during installation.
By purchasing tube coils, at the ends you can see the couplings that allow you to connect the elements together without using additional tools and consumables. Such drainage pipes to drain water from the house allow you to save, because you do not have to spend extra money.
Recommendations on the arrangement of a water drainage system from the foundation
Wall drainage is laid on the outside of the building along its contour. The distance between the drain pipe and the wall will depend on the design width of the base and the particular arrangement of the inspection wells. Wall drainage should not be laid below the foundation plate or the sole of the tape base. If the construction of the foundation is located at an impressive depth, then the laying of drainage is permissible above the sole, but only if measures are taken to exclude subsidence of the drainage system elements. When drainage pipes are laid to drain water, you can save on sand. For this, it is recommended to use geocomposite materials, which include plastic profiled membranes glued with geotextiles. The membranes will protect the base of the building from moisture and will well divert fluid to the perforated pipes due to its unique surface. A geotextile filter will pass water, excluding the passage of particles of drained soil.
Pipe laying
It is necessary to start work by digging a trench, its width should be equal to the diameter of the pipeline outside, 40 centimeters should be added to this value. In the cross section, the trench can have a rectangular or trapezoidal shape, there should not be any foreign objects at the bottom like hard lumps, large stones or bricks, which during operation can damage the bottom wall of the pipe. Initially, a layer of sand is poured onto the bottom, after which there is a layer of crushed stone. The upper part of the pipe should be covered with crushed stone filling, the height of which will be 20 centimeters. After a layer of sand is laid again, the outer part of the soil is covered with turf. It is important to follow the sequence of layers. When drainage pipes are laid for water drainage, photos of which you can consider in the article, sand should be laid first. The filter is designed to prevent soil particles and fine gravel from entering the drainage pipe, otherwise the drainage holes will clog quickly and the system will need to be cleaned.
System Tips
To maintain drainage, it is necessary to install manholes on straight sections that are 50 meters away from each other. They should be in the places of turns, changes in the angles of inclination and the intersection of the pipe. The most popular way to lay elements for drainage is the shape of a herringbone, each of whose branches will go into a large collector pipe for drainage. Ground water through the collector pipe will flow by gravity into a roadside ditch, storm sewer or body of water. If the place of water discharge is located below the level of the site, it is important to install a drainage well from which water will be removed using a pump.