I -beam metal beams are used in almost every modern construction project, both industrial and civil. With a relatively low specific gravity, they have a high load-bearing capacity for deflection, which allows you to effectively distribute the load on the supporting structures. These metal products are manufactured by rolling (shaped rolling, hot-rolled I-beam) or by welding. The section is an H-shaped structure of a wall and two shelves perpendicular to it. Shelves may have an internal slope for additional reinforcement. Such products are suitable for reinforcing with reinforcing shaft shafts (series C with a slope of 16%) and for mounting overhead tracks (series M with a slope of 12%).
An I-beam is also called an I-beam. The main areas of application for these metal products are building floors, bridge structures, overhead tracks, supports and columns. Depending on the purpose of the structures being constructed, the I-beam steel can be selected for different working loads. Structurally, I-beams differ in the thickness of the walls and shelves, the location of the faces of the shelves (their inner faces can be parallel or have a slope). Importance in the selection is also the manufacturing method, purpose and technical parameters.
I-beam steel can be made in compliance with state standards (GOST 8239 - 89, GOST 19425 - 74, GOST 26020 - 83 and others), as well as in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications. The material in the case of rolling is carbon steel of structural quality. Such a metal structure as a welded I-beam is made of low-alloy structural steel for welded structures.
There are several types of I-beams having parallel flange faces: normal (B), columned (K), wide-shelf (W), normal (DB), additional series (D and L). The I-beam made according to the standards, depending on the purpose, has a length of 4 to 12 m (as agreed with customers - up to 24 m). May be high (A) or conventional (B) rolling accuracy.
Welded steel I-beams are made of sheet metal in several stages. First, blanks of the required size are formed by cutting them from metal, then the edges are milled. Harvested strips are transferred by crane to the conveyor, crimped and scalded by automatic installation. Further, the product is rolled in a special mill to remove possible defects and processed in a shot blasting machine for cleaning from contamination. The quality of the welded I-beam must comply with the requirements of GOST 23118-99 and GOST 26020-83 (or its parameters are agreed upon with the customer in advance).
I-beams make it possible to lighten bearing structures by 30% in comparison with hot-rolled supports. Preliminary sizing of the beams significantly reduces the amount of waste. The disadvantages of I-beams include vulnerability to corrosion if there is no protective coating, as well as the need for specialized equipment, without which they cannot be mounted.