Pushkin places are highly respected not only among local residents, but also among visitors. They are visited with pleasure by connoisseurs of classical literature, adherents of poetry, excursion groups of teenagers and students of universities, as well as tourists from different countries.
There is no great need to list all the places; you can name the most popular museums created with love by more than one generation of people. And today in these buildings a special atmosphere is preserved.
Manor Goncharov
Describing the Pushkin places near Moscow, I would like to start with the estate of the Goncharovs. In the village of Yaropolets there are two unique estates. The Goncharovs' estate is located in its southern part. The pointed roofs of the church served as a pointer to it. The name of the village comes from “Yaroy Pole”, here in ancient times, according to legend, the kings of the kings were kept. Many royal representatives liked to hunt in this village.
The estate group was formed during the Zagryazhskys in the 18th century. In the coastal zone of Lama, a tree house was built for the landowners and the Church of St. John the Baptist (1751-1755), which was located in the front yard. Side gates lead to the church and the courtyard. They have the shape of castle towers with sharp teeth. From the fence that used to surround the entire complex, there was only a wall from the south. In a semicircle in the front yard there are farm buildings and the house itself, built in 1780. It is connected to the outbuildings and has highly artistic advantages, which makes it possible to rank it among the best manor buildings of that period. The architecture of the building is luxurious and elegant.
The creator of the Goncharovsky complex is considered the famous architect of the 2nd half of the 18th century I.V. Egotov.
The village of Yarolets A.S. Pushkin visited twice, in 1833 and 1834. He came to his mother-in-law, mother N.I. Goncharova. Already at that time he noted that the estate was in decline, this is confirmed by the lines "lived in a ruined palace." The so-called “Pushkin’s room” lasted until 1941, until the war began. It was during the Patriotic War that the estate suffered the most, as a result of the fire, tremendous damage was inflicted on the internal architecture of the poet’s house and room, as well as a large number of buildings. In the post-war period, the estate was restored, and now it houses a recreation center. It is a special fortune to visit Pushkin places in the Moscow Region today. The Goncharovs estate will plunge into the maelstrom of the life story of a poetic genius.
Manor Zakharovo
The journey to Pushkin places should be continued, visiting estates reminiscent of the poet’s childhood. In Russia, a large number of places associated with A.S. Pushkin, however, those that are associated with his childhood are rightfully considered the most memorable. Any memories leave their mark on the life of an accomplished person, and on a creative person - on his works. In order to get acquainted with the poet’s childhood, it is necessary to visit the estate of Zakharovo, which was once owned by Pushkin’s grandmother, M. A. Hannibal.
One of the first stories about this estate appeared in one of the books in the 17th century. The estate is found in the text as the estate of Kamynin, who was a military leader in Perm and Solikamsk. In the entire history of the existence of the house there were a large number of owners. And only by the end of 1804 the grandmother of Alexander Sergeyevich became the mistress of the estate. Somewhere in the late spring of 1805, the daughter of M. A. Hannibal, Nadezhda Osipovna, came to the estate with her children. Dad Pushkin was not a lover of the countryside and visited Zakharovo extremely rarely. The poet’s family visited the estate every summer, almost before the departure of Alexander Sergeyevich at the Lyceum. In 1811, Pushkin’s grandmother parted with the estate in Zakharovo, and she passed into the ownership of Agrafena Alekseevna, her own sister.
It can be noted that this particular estate is the only place that preserved the moments of Pushkin's childhood. From reliable sources it is clear that from 1805 to 1810 the poet spent here every summer. The indelible impressions received from being in this estate leave their imprint on Pushkin's future life, as the whole house is saturated with the Russian way of life. It is located in the lap of magnificent nature. It was here that Pushkin first learned what the Russian village is, thanks to a caring grandmother and nanny, as well as the environment of her sister and brother. The poet had vivid impressions from hiking in the neighboring village of Vyazma in a small church. Pushkin places near Moscow are especially loved by connoisseurs of Russian art.
Unfortunately, the house in which the poet spent the summer was not preserved. At the beginning of the 20th century, an exact wooden copy was built on the foundation from the old house, but even it could not survive to this day due to the fire that happened in 1933. On the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the birth of Pushkin, in 1999, the house was rebuilt again. In the new building, nothing of the previous exhibits remained, but they were replaced by other objects, which also belong to the time when the poet lived, but are not his relatives.
Big Vyazemy
Pushkin places in the suburbs are represented by another estate. The Bolshoi Vyazemy estate was glorified not only by A.S. Pushkin, but also by many other people known around the world, among them the Princes Golitsyn, Kutuzov and even Napoleon. It is worth taking a closer look at the heroine of The Queen of Spades, perhaps she will remind one of the inhabitants of the estate. A walk through the beautiful halls of this palace, which is now part of the Historical Literary Museum - a reserve created in honor of A.S. Pushkin, will help to make sure of this. It is better to visit the Pushkin places with a guide. The sights are then filled with meaning.
Fortress Manor
The original mentions of the Greater Elms are found in annals dating from the 16th century. So in those days was called the terminal station along the route to Moscow along the road "Big Smolenskaya". The word "Vyazma", according to some scholars, comes from the Slavic "viscous" (muddy bottom of the nearest river). In the years 1585-1586. these places passed into the possession of Boris Godunov, who built a huge wooden palace, outbuildings, a boyar house and a temple, and a fortress wall surrounded these buildings. During the Time of Troubles, False Dmitry lived in Big Vyazemy, and Marina Mnishek and her courtiers stayed there for some time. Toward the end of the 17th century, Peter I presented this estate to Boris Golitsyn, and he was also engaged in the complete restoration of the palace. The house on Bolshoi Vyazemy estate, which has been preserved to this day, was rebuilt by N.M. Golitsyn, great-grandson of Boris Golitsyn, in 1784. Alexander Sergeevich visited these places more than once. In his novel Eugene Onegin, he described in detail this house, which Onegin owned in the work, and the estate in the village of Zakharovo became a prototype of the Larin’s estate.
Palace of the Volkov-Yusupovs
The Pushkin places in Russia are widespread. A photo can only partially reflect all their greatness. You can appreciate them only with a personal visit.
No less interesting are the Pushkin places in Moscow. Not far from the Krasnye Vorota station is the oldest example of stone buildings in the capital. The Volkov-Yusupov Palace has a rich history. It was built around the 17-19th centuries and is known as the Volkov Chambers or the Yusupov Palace. It is believed that it was built even earlier, in the 16th century, by the famous architects of Russia Barma and Postnik, who later built St. Basil's Cathedral on Red Square.
Before Peter II presented the palace to Grigory Dmitrievich Yusupov, he belonged to a large number of officials and military of that time. The last before the Yusupovs was owned by the estate of Alexei Volkov, who was a secretary in the Military College. And in 1801-1803. the family of A.S. Pushkin lived in the western part of the chambers, so the palace is considered an architectural monument of Pushkin places. The construction is an architectural complex consisting of several towers, which are crowned with outlandish platbands, regal columns, beautiful weights. Roofs of buildings are decorated with forging and carving, weathercocks, grills and columns. Outstanding appearance is reflected in the magnificent furnishings of the interior rooms.
Pushkin House-Museum in Moscow
Pushkin places of the Moscow region are located mainly in Moscow and its immediate surroundings. On Arbat, in the center of the capital, in a 2-story old house in 1831, A.S. Pushkin rented an apartment, which now houses the spiritual center of creative intelligentsia. There is also a memorial museum-apartment of the poet, which has been visited by several generations of his admirers. In this apartment, Alexander Sergeevich celebrated his noisy bachelor party, and after the wedding he lived in this house already with his wife N. N. Goncharova. According to some accounts of contemporaries, this house was especially dear to him, since it was in its walls that Pushkin's happy life passed. For a long time, communal apartments were located in this building, only a modest front memorial plaque, which was installed in 1937, reminded that once a great poet lived in this house. And only on February 18, 1986, after a long restoration, the house officially became a museum.
Exposition
Unfortunately, there is no data on the interior decoration of the house in which Pushkin lived, so museum staff decided to leave the second floor with virtually no exhibits. The same fate befell some other Pushkin places. The photo therefore cannot fully reflect all the beauty of the monument. The walls of the apartment-museum are decorated with portraits of people who were frequent guests with Alexander Sergeyevich. Among a small number of exhibits, one can see portraits of Pushkin and his wife, painted during his lifetime, as well as the poet’s desk and the table of Pushkin’s wife. The ground floor of the museum is occupied by the exposition “Pushkin and Moscow”, where the warm, but difficult relations of the poet and the capital are displayed. Illustrations are also presented for some of the poet's works, and creative evenings are often held in the living room. The Pushkin places in Russia, especially in Moscow, deserve attention from many art historians and writers.
Pushkin mountains
120 km from Pskov is the village of Pushkinskiye Gory. The name of the locality was chosen for a reason, because the poet is closely connected with her by two estates that once belonged to the Pushkin family, and one was in the possession of his friends. And also in this area there is a monastery in which the famous poet was buried. At the moment, all three estates form a museum named after A.S. Pushkin.
Mikhailovsky
Mikhailovsky - the most popular estate of A.S. Pushkin. Here he whiled away a large amount of time both in his youth and in his adult years, and from 1824 to 1826 he stayed in the Mikhailovsky exile. Before the birth of the poet, this estate belonged to his family. Since 1742, the estate was inherited from the great-grandfather to the poet's mother. The estate was transferred to state bail in 1899, when Pushkin would have turned 100 years old, and in 1911 he was transformed into a museum dedicated to Alexander Sergeyevich. The estate was restored twice, the first time the estate was devoured by fire in 1918. The estate was rebuilt by 1937. And the second time it was destroyed in the Great Patriotic War and was restored in the post-war period.
On the estate there is a restored house and some things that belonged to the poet. Some rooms of the estate are available for visiting, one of them is Pushkin’s office, in which his desk is located. Bit by bit , the museum staff is trying to restore every minute of the poet’s life spent in this family nest.
Petrovskoe
The estate in the mid-18th century was brought as a gift by Elizabeth I to the great-grandfather of the poet A.P. Hannibal. Later it was transferred to grandfather P.A. Hannibal, and even later to uncle V.P. Hannibal. He was the ultimate owner of the family. Since 1839, the estate belonged to other owners, and in 1936 it was introduced into the structure of the Pushkin Museum. The estate was restored several times. The buildings that stood under Pushkin burned down in 1918. In 1977, the estate of Grandfather P. A. Pushkin was rebuilt, and in 2000 - the mansion of great-grandfather A. Hannibal. Today, the museum complex owns these two buildings and a square with a grotto. Pushkin places in Russia introduce everyone to the life of the legendary poet.
Trigorsk
This is the estate of the companions of the writer, Osipov-Wulf, with whom Pushkin was closest friends at the time of exile in 1824-1826. Like other estates of the Pushkin Mountains, Trigorskoe burned to the ground in 1918. Reconstruction began in the post-war period. By 1962 the manor house was resurrected, and by 1978, the bathhouse, which at that time served not only as a place for washing, but also as a garden house, in which the poet loved to relax. In the exhibition of the master's building, historical property and objects of that period are presented. In a circle there is a square in which there is "Onegin's Bench" and "Tatyana's Alley". It is worth noting that Trigorskoye is a prototype of the Larin’s estate. There is an assumption that the customs of the heroes of his novel, Alexander Sergeyevich copied from his own comrades. One of the most interesting places in the square is the oaks planted in a circular pattern, which reminds of a sundial. Pushkin’s places can be called fabulous, as the nature surrounding them really resembles fairy tales written by the poet.
Svyatogorsky monastery
Svyatogorsky monastery is famous for the fact that a poet was buried in it with his whole family. The full name is the Holy Assumption Monastery of Svyatogorsky. It was built in the 16th century by order of Ivan the Terrible IV. According to legend, the monastery was erected on the spot where the shepherd saw the icon of the Mother of God. Alexander Sergeevich was very fond of visiting this place, talking with priors and parishioners, who always gathered at fairs organized by the monastery. Around 1924 it was closed, after which a branch of the poet's museum was created, and already in 1992 it became a mansion.
These are not all Pushkin places located in Russia. In fact, the trace of Alexander Sergeyevich can be traced in many parts of the country.