What is law enforcement? General characteristics of law enforcement

The law enforcement system is very complex and multifaceted. Its goal is to ensure security and preserve the rights of all constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Every citizen should know what law enforcement bodies are, how they function, and on what principles their activities are based.

Terminology

Let's look at a few definitions:

1. Law enforcement agencies are the bodies that carry out the necessary activities, having the appropriate competence, as well as the necessary material resources. We will talk more about the tasks of each of them further.
2. Law enforcement is the activity that is carried out by the bodies mentioned above, which are authorized by a number of rights to protect and protect society through the application of legal measures of influence.

Classification

What are law enforcement agencies like? And what activities do they do? The following list will help you deal with this:

1. Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. Engaged in monitoring the compliance of legal processes in the state with the main law of the country.
2. Courts of general jurisdiction. They administer justice in the country in accordance with applicable law.
3. Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation. He is engaged in organizational support of the courts.
4. The prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation. She is in charge of supervision, as well as the detection and investigation of crimes.
5. The internal affairs bodies. They are engaged in the identification and investigation of crimes.
6. Bar. Provides legal assistance, as well as defense in criminal cases.
7. Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. He is directly involved in law enforcement in the country.

Functions

We have already figured out what law enforcement agencies are. Now let's look at their functions. They are:

1. Protect the state and social system.
2. Strengthen the rule of law.
3. Protect the rights and freedoms of a citizen and a person.
4. Fight crime.
5. Protection of legal rights, interests and monitoring the performance of their duties.

These are the main functions of law enforcement.

The main actors of the system

We know what law enforcement agencies are and what functions they perform. But they cannot all be of equal importance. Let's look at the main actors that the law enforcement system in the Russian Federation has:

1. Prosecutor's office.
2. Ministry of Internal Affairs.
3. Ministry of Justice

Prosecutor's office

It is a single centralized system of federal bodies that supervise that the laws are accurately and uniformly enforced. There are prosecutors of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, military and specialized, as well as territorial. All this is managed by the RF GP. The main areas of activity include the following:

1. Supervision of the implementation of laws.
2. Criminal prosecution carried out by law.
3. Supervision of observance of freedoms and rights of a citizen and a person.
4. Coordination of the work of law enforcement agencies that are engaged in the fight against crime.
5. Prosecutors participate during the trial of various civil, administrative and criminal cases by the courts as state prosecutors.
6. They are involved in the appeal of decisions, sentences, decisions and rulings of the court, which are contrary to the law.
7. Investigate crimes that are prescribed by law.

These state law enforcement agencies could see in the activities of everyone who was at least one court session.

Ministry of the Interior

It is a federal executive body. It provides protection of the freedoms and rights of a citizen and a person. The Ministry of the Interior is also involved in policing and ensuring public safety. It manages criminal, economic and social crimes. The Ministry of the Interior performs the following tasks of law enforcement agencies:

1. Develops and takes measures aimed at protecting the freedoms and rights of people (within its competence).
2. A whole system of law enforcement agencies works to prevent and suppress crimes and administrative offenses. And if this failed, then they are engaged in the identification, disclosure and investigation of them.
3. Keeps track of migration flows.
4. Enforces criminal penalties.
5. Engaged in the management of internal troops.
6. Develops and strengthens its own material and technical base.
7. He is engaged in the preparation and improvement of the regulatory framework for his activities.

As you can see, the functions of law enforcement agencies are very versatile.

Ministry of Justice

This is the name of the federal executive body, which is engaged in the field of legal relations. He also coordinates the activities of other branches of the executive branch so that it complies with the law. The Ministry of Justice performs the following tasks of law enforcement agencies:

1. Legal support of normative activity.
2. Creation of conditions for the functioning of ships.
3. State registration of all regulatory acts issued by central federal executive authorities.
4. Development of a legal services system.
5. Further training of personnel of organizations and institutions of justice.
6. Implementation of international legal activities in the field of protection of the rights and interests of citizens.
7. Ensuring the organization of the penal system.

Judicial branch

It exists independently of the executive and legislative. At the moment, there is such a system of law enforcement agencies:

1. Constitutional Court. It is a control body that independently exercises its power.
2. Court of general jurisdiction. Carries out civil, administrative, criminal and other types of proceedings.
3. Court of Arbitration. It is engaged in the consideration of economic disputes. In this type of court, only those citizens who are entrepreneurs can act as parties.

Law Enforcement Issues

The most important thing is the presence of alienation between the people and the authorities. If there is a properly established interaction, then sustainable development can be obtained (even if there are internal problems and external conflicts). Therefore, a self-developing system is being built that involves citizens to solve a wide range of issues, from local government to the state level. It currently includes such areas:

1. Elections.
2. The activities of public structures (among which the most significant are public chambers).
3. Citizen initiatives.

The activities of law enforcement have certain problems. If you read the reviews of people, you can often find complaints about low internal organization and slow response. In fairness, it should be noted that representatives of structures that are even ready to sacrifice their lives or simply treat everyone with all possible attention to the problem are also not uncommon.

There are significant problems with the ship system. So, in the Russian Federation one of the lowest percent of acquittals in the world. Therefore, the amnesty tool is widely used to release people who are imprisoned for minor offenses or have facilitating circumstances. The second side of the coin is that, thanks to such a system, criminals often go free, whose place is in prison.

Conclusion

Of course, the security system of our state is not universal, and the rights of law enforcement agencies are constantly the subject of public debate. But gradually, during evolutionary development, any organization improves (if it wants to exist). We need to show our citizenship in order to contribute to the improvement of law enforcement. This can be done by reporting to the appropriate authorities about the improper operation of certain structures. Then you will not only know what law enforcement agencies are, but also be able to influence the quality of their functioning.