The most favorite children's activity is listening to fairy tales. They can be read or told as a keepsake, but you need to explain the meaning to the child. The fact is that fairy tales contain the wisdom of generations of ancestors. Perhaps it is well hidden in some works, but it is always present. There are several different types of tales. This article will focus on household.
What is a domestic fairy tale?
An everyday fairy tale is simply a storehouse of knowledge, because first of all it contains a description of the national life, from where its name came from. Since these works are created for children, everyday folk tales contain a lot of humor and exciting adventures. The hero of everyday tales is not a hero, but an ordinary person, for example, a soldier, a peasant or a blacksmith. He does not perform feats of arms and does not have magical talents, however, he overcomes all difficulties with the help of his ingenuity and dexterity. Also, a love theme is often the main motive - a wedding, a wedding, or life after marriage.
This kind of fairy tales appeared not so long ago. Household fairy tales are best perceived by children between the ages of 2 and 7, so it is worth reading them more often during this period. You should also pay attention to the fact that certain types of fairy tales are suitable for a certain age.
What are the types of everyday tales?
It should be noted that everyday fairy tales can be the result of both folk art and individual authors. So, for example, Charles Perrault or Saltykov-Shchedrin wrote many fairy tales in the domestic genre.
Tales are divided into 3 subgroups, which allow you to more accurately determine what an everyday fairy tale is:
- social ("Talkative old woman", "Shemyakin court"),
- satirical household ("Man and Pop", "Barin and Man"),
- magical household ("Frost", "Cinderella").
However, it is worth noting that fairy tales can be divided only conditionally, because the same work can contain different elements: satire, magic, and just life.
What do everyday tales teach?
Everyday tales were told and are being told to children in order to show them the right direction in life, to teach them to make the right choice. After all, what is a domestic fairy tale, if not a lesson and instruction to future generations? She teaches us the most good and good, because good always conquers evil, people who are ready to help do not disappear in trouble, and our heroes are always ready to defend their homeland.
Household tales usually carry the idea that one must be hardworking and skillful. Such people manage everything. And the inept and lazy in these tales are usually ridiculed, and they are left with nothing. So, in everyday tales with a negative attitude to gentlemen and priests. They usually seem greedy and lazy, and these qualities are always unpleasant to people. Moreover, we can say that in everyday tales the social inequality of the heroes is clearly visible. Moreover, people of the lower classes have much more nobility and kindness than the richer. The role of everyday tales is to expose lies and to show precisely social difficulties and problems existing in society.
Magic household tales
Often, genres of fairy tales can be mixed up, as for example in fairy tales. They usually have 2 worlds, one of which is real, and the second is fictional. So, the famous beginning of "In a certain kingdom ..." is the main indicator of a fairy tale. In addition to the fantasy world, there are also fictional characters endowed with special powers, such as Koschey or Baba Yaga.
Household fairy tales can tell about heroes (“Vasilisa the Beautiful”), lost children (“Twelve months”) or people with certain abilities (“Mary the Artisan”). They always begin with the fact that the elders leave the younger ones or the strong ones leave the weak ones, and they, in turn, violate the strictly established prohibition. This form of presentation is the most memorable for children.
In such tales, there is always a magical good helper or object with the help of which a victory over the villain is gained.
Perhaps, children’s fairy tales are magical everyday about animals. In Russian fairy tales, pets are often found in villains, for example, in Baba Yaga. Usually these are cats that help positive characters escape. It is not surprising, because the owners practically do not feed animals, and even less caress them.
Domestic animal tales
Among other varieties of fairy tales, there are fairy tales about animals. They can talk both about simple creatures that live in the forest (“Wolf and seven kids”, “Fox and hare” and others), and about magic ones (“Golden fish”, “Little humpbacked horse”). The household tale of animals necessarily implies the ability of these creatures to talk and think like people. In everyday fairy tales about animals, they often have completely human problems and emotions, as well as living conditions. In fact, this is actually about people.
A distinctive feature of Russian animal tales is that all animals are endowed with special, characteristic features in them. So, everyone knows from childhood that a fox is a cunning, a hare is hardworking, and a wolf is cruel.
Household tales of the peoples of Russia
It is impossible to overestimate the importance of everyday tales. So, every nation not only of our great Russia, but of the whole world knows what an everyday fairy tale is and tells its children. Each nation has its own tales, but their plot is often repeated. Nevertheless, thanks to them we can learn more about the culture of another nation and better understand it. This is very important in a multinational country like Russia. When children listen to the tales of their people at an early age, they perceive them much better than foreign works.
The Tale of the Hero Naznai
The genres of fairy tales are very diverse, so sometimes an everyday fairy tale can be great for describing a hero. The hero Naznai and his actions relate to just such a case.
In this tale, we are talking about a hero who did not know how to do anything, but could become a king. The fact is that he was very lucky, and he dealt with enemies simply by chance. The hero was so bad that his wife kicked him out of the house. But he guessed to write on a sword that he killed 500 people with one blow (although in fact he killed only 500 flies). The tsar found out about this, invited a hero and married him to his daughter. As a matter of fact, the hero did not accomplish feats, but he was very lucky, and he dealt with enemies. So, he killed a snake by simply falling on it from a tree in a dream, and defeated three evil heroes, quarreling them: they killed each other.
At the end of the tale, frightened and starting to undress, Naznai scared the army of the attackers, because they thought that they had unclean power. Thanks to victory, he became king. In fact, we have a domestic fairy tale, since there is no heroism in it, only luck. The hero copes with difficulties thanks to her and his ingenuity.