Many people know who Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin is. His great works cause awe not only among the Russian reader. And, of course, most people are well acquainted with the biography of the poet, which everyone has carefully studied since school time. But few people remember who Pushkin's parents were, they know their names, and even more so what they looked like.
Ancestors of the great genius
Before moving on to the biography of the parents of Alexander Sergeyevich, it is necessary to mention his earlier ancestors. This is Hannibal Abram Petrovich, who was born in 1696 and was an Ethiopian by birth. He became the famous favorite of Peter the Great. The emperor was very warm to him. Self taught his literacy and various sciences. He was then sent to France to receive a military education.
When Abram Petrovich returned, Peter appointed him the chief translator at court, moreover, he even taught officers mathematics and engineering. The sovereign died, and Hannibal fell into a long disfavor. Everything changed only during the reign of Elizabeth Petrovna. She gave him estates in memory of her father. Alexander Sergeevich always respected the memory of his ancestor and respected him very much.
Maria Alekseevna - the poet’s grandmother
It is important to know not only who Pushkin's parents were , the biography of his grandmother is no less interesting. Her name was Maria Alekseevna. Born in 1745 in Nizhny Novgorod. She was the daughter of Alexei Fedorovich and Sarah Yuryevna Pushkin. In 1772 she married O. A. Hannibal and gave birth to a son, Nikolai, as well as a daughter, Nadezhda. She is the future mother of the great poet.
In 1776, Hannibal abandoned his family and married a second time. Maria Alekseevna with her daughter and her family lived in Moscow. She was engaged in the education of little Alexander Sergeevich. It was she who often told the genius poet about his great ancestors. Including the famous favorite of Peter the Great, Abram.
Biography of the father, or Sergey Pushkin
And now it's time to name the names of Pushkin's parents. Alexander's father, Sergei Lvovich, was born in 1770. He served first in the Izmailovsky regiment with the rank of sergeant of the Life Guard. And then in Jaegersky, already a captain-lieutenant. When Sergei Pushkin resigned, he was in the rank of major. In 1802 he settled in Moscow and began his career as a state adviser.
In 1796 he married Nadezhda Osipovna Hannibal. In marriage, they had six sons and two daughters. Three children, unfortunately, died in infancy. Sergey Lvovich owned two estates - Boldino and Mikhailovsky. But all his life this man was on the verge of bankruptcy. He was not engaged in the management and management of estates. It annoyed him. And the upbringing of children of Sergei Lvovich was also not interested.
Alexander's relationship with his father
Throughout his life, the relationship between Alexander Sergeyevich and his father was quite tense and complex. When the poet falls into his exile in the village of Mikhailovskoye, they practically became hostile. The reason for the quarrel between the son and father was the permission of Sergei Lvovich to ensure that strict supervision was exercised by officials over Alexander in his own house.
For three years, Pushkin's parents practically did not communicate with their son. Then, thanks to the efforts of Zhukovsky, father and son came to reconciliation. After Alexander Sergeyevich married, he took all the cares not only of his family, but also of his father and mother.
Housekeeping and estate management
Pushkin’s relations with his parents were always cool, but, nevertheless, since 1834 it was he who was forced to do business with his family. Otherwise, things could go to ruin. Alexander Sergeevich independently managed the neglected estates of his parents, thanks to the income from which the family existed.
Despite the fact that Pushkin's parents spoke little with his son, the news of the death of Alexander Sergeyevich shocked his father pretty much. His grief was unlimited. Parents of Alexander Pushkin have always been proud of the talents of their son. In the archives relating to the poet’s biography, there are many letters left in which father and mother expressed their anxiety and concern, and were also offended by the rare visits of their children.
Nadezhda Osipovna, or Mama Alexandra
Many people not only do not remember, but also do not know what the names of Pushkin's parents were. Sergei Lvovich and Nadezhda Osipovna may not have been an impeccable father and mother, but, nevertheless, it is necessary to familiarize themselves with their biography at least for general development. Mom Alexander Sergeevich was born in St. Petersburg. After the death of her mother, Maria Alexandrovna, it was she who became the mistress of the estate in Mikhailovsky.
After she married Sergei Lvovich, this estate was used more likely as a summer residence. There, the family preferred to spend summer days. According to many eyewitnesses, Nadezhda Osipovna never tried to treat her children equally. She always preferred son Levushka and daughter. And with the rest of the children was more strict.
Link of the eldest son. Mother's experiences
It’s interesting not only the name of Pushkin’s parents, many contemporaries are surprised by their relationship with children. Despite the fact that the relationship between Nadezhda Osipovna and her eldest son Alexander could never be called particularly warm when Pushkin falls into disgrace of the sovereign, she is sincerely anxious.
In order to somehow alleviate the fate of Alexander Sergeyevich in exile, the woman writes a petition to Alexander the First that the sovereign would allow her child to undergo treatment in Riga or another city. But she received no answer. Then, Nadezhda Osipovna sent another letter to I. I. Dibich, asking him to turn to the tsar to mitigate the punishment for her son. Again, referring to his illness. The archives also preserved her other petitions. And it was truly a sincere concern for the mother's heart.
Mother's disease and further relationship with Alexander
When Nadezhda Osipovna fell ill, it was Alexander Sergeyevich who took care of her care. He provided her with good treatment and care. Then his relationship with his mother became especially warm. But, unfortunately, Nadezhda Osipovna did not have long to live. Many contemporaries mentioned that at that time the mother often expressed regret that she devoted little time to Alexander, preferring to communicate with Leo.
After the mother died, Alexander Sergeevich in 1836 in April transferred her body to St. Petersburg. And there he buried at the family cemetery. The poet also complained about fate that she left him so little time to communicate with his mother. Like any child deprived of parental care, he lacked her affection and tenderness. And recent years, of course, have not made up for lost time.
Images of relatives of Alexander, or drawings of relatives
Any images and portraits of Pushkin's parents help researchers understand their identities as clearly as possible. To penetrate deeper into the atmosphere of the life that surrounded Alexander Sergeyevich. Understand the complex relationship between family and poet. Often, small sketches that the poet left in the margins of his manuscripts were useful in this.
A brief biography of Pushkin's parents suggests that they were very sociable and cultural people. Numerous testimonies of contemporaries, as well as letters preserved in the archives, describe Nadezhda Osipovna as a wonderful mistress. She was the soul of secular society. Thanks to her amazing appearance, original beauty, Nadezhda Osipovna began to be called in the world "a beautiful creole."
The works of Alexander Sergeevich, or Poems nanny
Pushkin's parents, whose biography was carefully studied by specialists, were infinitely happy in marriage. Many noted that they fit perfectly together. And, of course, each of them in his own way loved his children. This is evidenced by many of their actions. Perhaps both Nadezhda Osipovna and Sergey Lvovich could not always devote much time to them, however, this does not mean that the children were a burden to them.
It seems a little strange that even from the school curriculum, many readers remember the huge number of lines that Alexander Sergeyevich devoted to his nanny Arina Rodionovna. They feel boundless love for this woman. But there is not a single work in the poet’s work that he would address to Nadezhda Osipovna or Sergey Lvovich, his parents. This question, unfortunately, will remain unanswered. Nevertheless, I would like to express my deep gratitude to these people who gave Russian literature such a great genius. More than one generation will admire his works.