In recent decades, wooden houses have become increasingly popular in the construction market. Their advantages over stone ones are obvious: the material used for the construction of housing is environmentally friendly, carries healthy natural energy. The cost of wooden buildings is much lower, and the pace of construction is much higher than cinder block. And to heat a house made of wood is easier, more economical than stone.
But the finishing work and household communications have their own specifics. In particular, the wiring in a wooden house must meet a number of requirements.
Electrical wiring rules in a wooden building
- The first thing that is done during electrical work is the laying of the power cable. It runs from the poles of the power line to the distribution panel on the house. Cable laying can be done by air, or maybe through an underground trench. The air way is more economical and easy to perform. To lay an overhead power transmission line, a self-supporting wire, a SIP brand, with a different cross-section and a multicore, is used, depending on which phases and in what quantity are allocated. In addition, fixing clamps, anchors and other equipment will be needed. The disadvantage of this method of supplying energy to the house is a violation of the external aesthetics of the residential complex, the cable may be damaged due to weather conditions or tree branches. If underground wiring is done in a wooden house, then an armored cable is required, which is immersed in a trench with a depth of at least 0.8 meters, previously covered with sand at 20 cm high. The cable should be sprinkled on top with a sand pad of the same thickness. Then they fill up the trench, putting special marks so that excavation work is no longer carried out on that site. And the cable is connected to the switchboard, from where electricity is distributed to all consumer points of the building.
- Internal wiring in a wooden house can also be two-type - open, that is, an invoice, and hidden. The installation of both requires specific skills and has its positive and negative sides. Before deciding which one to use in his home, the landlord must take into account how much each type will correspond to the design of the room and what additional costs it will require.
Hidden wiring
Hidden wiring in a wooden house is laid in the structural elements of the building itself: inside floors, under a wall or ceiling coating, etc. Wires are placed in special metal pipes.
The advantage of hidden wiring - it does not violate the design of the room, does not spoil the appearance. On the other hand, this project is more time-consuming and expensive. The main power lines are distributed throughout the house before floors and ceilings are hemmed. Eyeliner to outlets, switches, lighting sources is done on vertical gutters made in the walls. In order not to spoil the walls, covered with panels covered with paint, wallpaper, etc., so as not to violate the created interior, the landlord needs to determine in advance exactly where the stationary electrical appliances and other energy consumers will be located. When the distribution plan is ready, you can start drilling the walls to make technological holes for the electrical wires. All wires, soldering connections are placed in metal boxes or immediately into sockets or switches. In the places where sockets are installed in the wall, holes are cut out for the socket boxes to insert socket and switch mechanisms there.
Open wiring
Open wiring in a wooden house is done on the outer surface of walls, ceilings or floors. It is considered the easiest to install and the cheapest in material terms. Its most elementary option is overhead wiring. It is made of non-combustible PVC cables in special channels, boxes, wires can be hidden in a metal hose and other insulating devices, or maybe just a cable in a sheath of non-combustible materials with special fasteners.
Non-combustible PVC boxes for the installation of power lines are used if the walls of the house are made of wooden beams, round logs, if they are sheathed with lining and other finishing material. Boxes are produced in plain, light or brown colors. Cables passing through the walls are enclosed in metal sleeves.
Another way - wiring in a wooden house in an open way is done from a retro cable with insulators. Such cables are most suitable for houses made of logs. Also open wiring is done on brackets.