What is meant by the term "subsidies"? What are housing subsidies and how can they be obtained? How to apply for utility bills? If you are interested in the answers to these questions - this article is for you. In it, we will present the necessary information about targeted assistance programs to various segments of the population and tell how to arrange subsidies. In addition, we will describe what documents are required for this and where to go.
Definition of the term
Subsidy (lat. "Support") refers to a certain financial targeted assistance provided by the state to some, mostly poor, segments of the population. It does not imply the issuance of cash, but allows you to get any kind of benefit. Characteristic features of the subsidy are:
- gratuitous basis for the provision of financial support;
- equity, partial financing;
- the specific, targeted nature of the assistance;
- budgetary nature of financing.
In the Russian Federation, subsidies, that is, assistance to citizens with a difficult financial situation, are carried out in various fields. Housing subsidies make it possible to partially offset the cost of housing in a critical financial situation.
Utility subsidies help
low-income citizens pay services for water, heating, electricity, etc. The government also provides support to people traveling from the Far North and young families who are in dire need of better living conditions. Unfortunately, not all citizens are aware that they are entitled to receive one-time free assistance. Let's see how to get help from the state and what are the rules for the provision of subsidies.
Measures to help and support the poor category of citizens
The Government of the Russian Federation provides for assistance to families in financial difficulties, including the provision of financial resources for the purchase of housing. The recipients of such subsidies, as a rule, are the poor and socially unprotected sections of the population - single people, low-income and large families, people with disabilities and other categories of citizens who have a lower income than the minimum subsistence level established by law. Obtaining a housing subsidy becomes possible if two conditions are met: recognition of the family or a single living person as poor, as well as the existence of an established need to improve living conditions. Poor people are those who have an income below the subsistence minimum established by law in the relevant region. Moreover, an important condition is that they experience significant financial difficulties not due to circumstances beyond their control. For example, a family will not be recognized as poor if its able-bodied members use drugs or suffer from alcoholism and therefore do not work.
The definition of a family in the current legislation of the Russian Federation
It is worth noting that the legislative power of the Russian Federation under the family considers a group of people living together, having a joint household and necessarily consisting in some degree of kinship, established by law and documented. According to the Family Code of the Russian Federation, family members include spouses, children and parents, as well as adopted and adoptive parents. This means that the family can be considered a parent raising a child, a married couple who does not have children or has adopted wards. In the event that the marriage was officially registered, but the members live separately and do not have a common household, they cannot be considered a family, which means they are not entitled to state assistance in the form of housing subsidies.
Determine the cost of living
The cost of living is defined as the minimum level of income that is necessary to ensure a normal standard of living. In Russia, its value is calculated on a quarterly basis, while taking into account the consumer basket and price statistics for food, goods of the non-food group, as well as expenses and services for the necessary fees and charges. In different constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the cost of living may vary.
It is also important that for various categories of the population - able-bodied citizens, children and pensioners - it is installed separately. When determining
the poor family , the following procedure is performed. Set the regional minimum subsistence level for the last quarter. Then it is compared with the average per capita income of family members (or a single person) received over the past three months, which preceded the appeal to the social security authorities. All income of relatives is added up and divided by 3, as a result, the average amount of income for one month is obtained. Next, the result is divided by the number of family members. If the average per capita income is less than the subsistence level, then the family has every reason to get the status of the poor after applying to the social welfare authorities.
Getting the status of a poor family
To recognize the poor family, you should go to the department of social protection of the population. In large cities, such social assistance and support bodies operate in each district. When applying, it will be necessary to provide a package of documents, including:
- passport;
- TIN certificate;
- marriage certificate;
- birth certificate of a child;
- certificate of registration at the place of residence;
- certificates and other documents that can confirm the level of income;
- documents on property (cadastral certificate, certificate of ownership).
A list of all necessary documents can be clarified on the official website of the local social security authority or directly on the spot. If you provide all the information and photocopies that satisfy the request after 10-30 days, the family will be recognized as poor.
Making a housing subsidy
After obtaining the status of "poor", you can proceed to the registration of housing subsidies. Family members can be recognized as needing to improve their living conditions if at least one of the following conditions is met:
- the family does not use housing under a social contract of employment;
- the family does not own a dwelling;
- the room in which the family members live is officially recognized as emergency;
- a seriously ill person with an incurable disease (for example, tuberculosis) lives with his family;
- the family has housing, but the minimum floor space per member is not respected.
How to get a subsidy? First of all, it is necessary to provide a package of documents to the department of housing subsidies - the local government. As a rule, you will need to bring a passport, certificates from the house book and BTI, certificates from the cadastral and registration chambers, which confirm the absence / presence of a dwelling in the property. After submitting the documents, the commission will decide within 30 days on the registration or non-registration of a family in need of improving living conditions.
If the decision is positive, the administration will issue a document and assign a number in the queue. Now you just have to wait (unfortunately, the wait can take from six months to ten or more years). Although in some cases it is possible to receive an extraordinary housing subsidy. This applies to persons suffering from serious illnesses and in need of separate housing, as well as living in emergency buildings that cannot be repaired or reconstructed.
We get money to buy new spacious housing
Gratuitous housing subsidies are provided only by bank transfer. The amount allocated by the city administration will depend on the average market value of 1 m² of housing, on the provision of space to a family with a certain number of people, and on the number of years that have passed since registration. It is worth noting that usually the maximum amount of subsidies does not exceed 70% of the cost of housing. As a rule, the money allocated by the city is not enough for the purchase of housing, so in this case it will be necessary to sell the available living space, add funds from personal savings or use a mortgage.
Housing subsidies can be used within six months from the receipt of certificates. The funds received can be used exclusively for
improving housing conditions, that is, for buying a new apartment, building a house (or increasing its area due to repair and construction works), as well as for paying off payments in a construction cooperative.
Housing subsidy for a young family
In the Russian Federation, within the framework of the Housing program, a subprogram is operating under the name Housing for Young Families. It involves the provision of financial assistance for the acquisition of housing for young couples. To obtain a housing certificate for this program, the following conditions are required:
- the age of the spouses (or one spouse, if the family is incomplete) should not exceed 35 years;
- the family is registered to improve housing conditions;
- the family has an income level that allows you to pay off the residual value of the apartment.
To include a young family in this program, it will be necessary to provide a package of documents to the housing subsidy department, a local government body. Necessarily require applications for inclusion in the program and the provision of subsidies (2 pcs.), Passports of family members, certificates from the BTI, USRP, confirming that the family needs to improve housing conditions and does not own real estate. Within 10 days after the submission of all the necessary documents, the commission will consider them and then issue a verdict on the inclusion / non-inclusion of the young family in the program. If the outcome is favorable, the couple will be able to receive a housing certificate in order of priority.
Housing subsidy for military personnel. Assisting WWII veterans and disabled people
In the Russian Federation, financial assistance for the purchase of housing is provided not only to poor and young families. A gratuitous housing subsidy is issued to servicemen who are dismissed (dismissed), whose service experience is 10 years or more, who do not own residential premises and who are recognized as needing to improve conditions, and also to be relocated from military towns of a closed and separate type. The size of the subsidy for the military is 80% of the cost of housing (according to the social norm of the area). At the same time, the remaining 20% should be paid to citizens from their own savings or to use a loan.
A housing subsidy for military personnel with a work experience of more than 25 years is provided in the amount of 100% of the cost of buying a home. To calculate the amount of assistance, the social norm of the total housing area is used: 33 m² for a single person, 42 m² for a family of two members and 18 m² for each person for a family of three or more people. In addition to military personnel, the state takes care of WWII veterans and people with disabilities. The government of the Russian Federation and citizens working in the public sector do not disregard. They also have the opportunity to receive subsidies for the purchase of an apartment in order of priority.
Utility subsidies
So, utility subsidy - what is it? The fact is that the poor category of citizens can submit documents not only for a one-time free grant. For them, the Housing Code of the Russian Federation provides benefits for the payment of utilities and housing. Utility subsidies are provided if the costs of paying for an apartment, water, heating, etc. exceed 22% of the total income of family members. The calculation of the amount of the subsidy is made in accordance with the regional standard. Low-income citizens can receive such benefits by contacting the center for housing subsidies, the social welfare agency.
Subsidies will be provided to pensioners if they are citizens of the Russian Federation, are registered at the place of residence, and the share of the cost of paying for an apartment and services exceeds 22%. It is important to remember that a subsidy will be provided if citizens have no arrears in paying for utilities and rents. Poor people in order to receive benefits must prepare the necessary documents: an application for a subsidy, a passport, a certificate of family composition, a certificate of ownership or other documents proving ownership of housing on a legal basis, income statements for 6 months, photocopies of work books, insurance certificate, receipts for payment of electricity and gas for 6 months, etc. You can specify the list of necessary documents directly in the
social support bodies
.