Many men consider a bench vise an irreplaceable thing in the household. This device helps to fix any elements during manual work with them. For a vice there is GOST 4045-75. It contains all the parameters of the tool, as well as the nomenclature. Young people are often interested in the device of a bench vice. In today's article, we will examine this issue in detail.
What elements do they consist of?
There are different models of this tool, they differ from each other in their modification. If you look at the device of a bench vise in the context, you can find several similar elements. These include:
- The steady basis of a vice.
- The device of the movable part of the bench vice, which includes a movable as well as a fixed sponge. The latter is equipped with an anvil.
- Cheeks that change easily. They help to firmly fix the workpieces.
- Clamping screw. Used to fix the subject.
- Rotary knob.
A pneumatic drive may be included in the bench vise. But these models are very expensive and are not used at home.
What are parts for a modern vice made of?
The design of modern mechanisms differs from the device of the Soviet locksmith's vice. The main parts are made of steel, and some of cast iron.
Steel models are in great demand. They are considered more universal, suitable for working with parts from different materials. Such a vice has a light weight. A person can easily transfer them from place to place. This model practically does not wear out over the years and rarely breaks. If the anvil is designed for shock loads, then it is almost impossible to spoil it.
The device of the vise of metalwork of the USSR was significantly different from the modern one. In the past, people used a fixed vise, which was fastened with nuts to a workbench. They were very heavy.
What types of mechanisms exist?
To understand the device of a bench vice, it is necessary to find out what types of equipment exist. Specialists in this field distinguish the following types:
- A manual bench vise is a miniature tool. It is often used in the household when a person needs to perform a simple action. For example, make a workpiece if it often changes the angle when drilling.
- Table chair vice differs from other types in its structure and fastening. This tool must be installed on the edge of the workbench. They differ from other models in their mechanism for extending the jaws. The moving plate has an unusual trajectory. It does not move in a straight line, but gradually separates in an arc. With this structure of the instrument, a person has the opportunity to try to work with complex figures. In this case, not very strong fixation of the element is obtained. According to generally accepted standards, the disclosure can be from 125 to 250 millimeters.
- Parallel bench vices belong to the category of machine tools. Consider the information about the device bench vise. They are divided into fixed and rotary. There are models with free wheeling. If the vise is undergoing modernization, a special mark is put on them - TCM. This view has advantages over other models. They can be installed both on the surface of the workbench and on the floor. Mounts of this type are easily mounted on the surface, have a simple mechanism.
What is the difference between a rotary vice and a non-rotary?
The device of parallel rotary bench vice differs from non-rotary. The main difference is the presence of a fixed circle in the rotators in the lower segment. It is attached directly to the workbench. Such a circle allows the vice to rotate. The advantage of this tool is that they can be deployed to any corner of the workbench. They are mounted in any position. Most often there are a bench vise with an anvil.
Features of fixed mechanisms
Non-rotating ones have no rotating base. They are attached to the surface of the workbench with bolts that go to the base of the vise.
Fixed vices have a structure similar to rotary. They have a movable sponge, as well as a fixed one. The moving part has a prismatic shank. The lead screw in this design is attached to the movable jaw through a nut. A special bar is provided for this. She is screwed to a fixed sponge.
Fixed vices are made strictly according to GOST 4045-57. The jaw opening of this model can be from 45 to 180 millimeters. The minimum width of the jaws of a fixed bench vice is about 60 mm, and the maximum is 140 mm.
Are there any flaws in the parallel bench vice?
Parallel vices have many positive reviews from the owners, but they also have their drawbacks. This type of tool is not very strong sponges. It can not be used for complex work, since the vice can not withstand heavy loads. It is best to use a tool with a pneumatic clamp. Such models are the most convenient to date, judging by the numerous reviews.
What do parallel rotary mechanisms consist of?
It is important to understand what is included in the parallel rotary vice. The tool is based on the stove. This type of vise has a movable and fixed jaw, as well as a prismatic shank. It enters the cutout of the fixed tool jaw.
Parallel rotary vice are made in accordance with GOST 4045-57. The width of the jaws of this model is standard (80 millimeters and 140 millimeters). The maximum disclosure is 95 and 180 millimeters, respectively.
How to choose a bench vise?
It is necessary to take seriously the issue of choosing a bench vise. Attention should be paid to the parameters of various models. Experts advise to consider:
- The width of the plate, as well as the disclosure. The width of the jaws of a bench vise varies by model. Rotary tools can have a width of 63 to 250 millimeters. Maximum they can open 200 millimeters or more. The largest model has a disclosure of more than 250 millimeters. Given this option, you can plan with what details it will be convenient to start working. A person will be able to understand in advance how firmly the workpieces will be attached and what size it is possible to take parts for further work.
- An equally important parameter when choosing a tool is the thread pitch of the screw. It is believed that the smaller it is, the more accurate the selected tool will be. This parameter is important if a person is going to make final processing of a part on a rotary vice. In this case, he will need to withstand the specified geometry.
- Is there a drive or is it missing? A vice with a mechanized drive will accelerate the progress of work, since it is easier to process parts with them. The only negative of such an instrument is its price. A mechanized drive is very expensive, its owner will have to spend a lot of money on repairs if a breakdown occurs. An alternative to this type of drive is a bench vise, which is marked TCM. The size of the jaws of such a device starts from 160 millimeters.
- If a person is going to work with round parts, then it is better to choose a model that has prisms on the case. Often this model is used with a slider.
- If you have to work with the part in an upright position, it is better to take an upgraded tool. Such a vice can rotate and have an increased anvil.
- Better to choose a heavier model. Experts believe that the weight of the tool affects its strength.
The main advantages of a bench vise
Bench vice have several advantages over other models:
- The tool has hardened jaws that will not break during difficult work.
- Most models of this type of vise have anvils. They are resistant to mechanical stress, they are difficult to break.
- Some models have a swivel mechanism, which is convenient when working.
- The vise is lightweight, so it can be easily transported.
The main disadvantages of a bench vise
The disadvantages of this type of mechanism include:
- The need to align the sponges before starting work. It often happens that a person does not have with him an additional tool that can be used to level out.
- The lock washers that make up the tool wear out quite quickly. They need to be changed periodically.
- It is difficult to work with long parts.
What care does a vise require?
Like most tools, a vise requires special care. For them to work well, all parts must be clean. Wipe the tool with a cloth dampened with solvent. This procedure must be repeated after each use of the vise.
Tool parts must be greased. You can use oil designed for the engine. Such care will help maintain the sponges in working condition, as a result, they will smoothly open. After processing, the risk of corrosion is reduced.
If rust has appeared, then it must be removed from the tool mechanically. If this method does not help and the plaque is already firmly settled on a vice, then you need to use special compounds to combat metal corrosion. You can apply a cleaning composition and leave it overnight. In the morning you need to wash it off with water and dry the tool.
Which manufacturers have proven themselves in the market?
When choosing a bench vise, it is better to give preference to companies that have long established themselves in the tool market. These include Dexx. The Ukrainian company produces high-quality equipment and gives a year warranty on its vice. Fit manufactures a low-cost version of the tool in Canada. She does not give such long guarantees for her products, but buyers leave only positive feedback about the grip of this company.