Penoplex is an extruded polystyrene panel. The material has low thermal conductivity, hydrophobic and vapor insulating properties and durability to protect buildings from the inside and outside. When the facade is insulated with foam, the technology requires the following conditions to be met:
- choice of plates by thickness, taking into account climate conditions;
- ensuring a sufficient tightness of the material to the walls;
- thermal insulation is done in a complex for the entire building.
The benefits of external insulation
- The life of the building increases, since the insulation takes on the temperature effects of the external environment. It is especially important that the zero point is as close as possible to the outside of the wall.
- The useful volume of the premises is maintained.
- No moisture forms on the walls.
It should be noted a high level of fire hazard of the material. In this regard, all contact points with electrical wiring must be reliably protected from the possibility of fire.
Another disadvantage of foam is the inability to pass air. If the room is closed by him from all sides, it turns into a thermos. Therefore, effective ventilation should be provided here.
A similar material is foam. It is more fragile, and its heat-shielding properties are the same. When the facade is insulated with polystyrene, the steps are the same as that of the foam.
Installation Recommendations
With a large thickness, penoplex is laid in several layers. Installation technology for facade insulation provides for the stitching of stitches.
Depending on the place of laying, types of sheets for the foundation, wall and roof are distinguished. There is also a type of "special" for industrial use and "Comfort" for private buildings.
Penoplex "Comfort"
Universal material suitable for insulation of facades, attic floors, floors, roofs and interior decoration of buildings. On the plates "Comfort" the L-shaped connection of edges was first created to eliminate cold bridges, due to the high density of contact. Facade insulation work was immediately reduced due to the fact that there is no need to seal cracks.
Chemical inertness, lack of moisture absorption and high compressive and bending strength ensure the durability of the products. Moreover, the density of the material is in the range of 25-30 kg / m 3 and the thickness of the plates is from 20 to 100 mm.
High combustibility plates are not used for interior decoration of industrial premises.
Penoplex "Foundation"
Plates are used for insulation of socles, foundations and basement ceilings. The material with increased density (about 30 kg / m 3 ) is used for thermal insulation of the floor under the cement screed, due to its higher compressive and bending strength than the Comfort type.
The flammability of the material for external insulation of the foundation and the base is not particularly dangerous, especially when it is covered with soil.
Penopleks "Roofing"
With high mechanical load inside the slabs, insulation boards are made with a density not inferior to the base insulation. Their water permeability and thermal conductivity are also low. In a house with roof insulation , foam in the summer is cool and warm in the winter.
Front foam
Plates are used to protect the facade from the outside, as well as to be placed inside a hollow masonry made of bricks, sandwich panels and blocks. Plaster mortars hold well on them. The density of the material increases with decreasing plate thickness. Good mechanical characteristics allow the use of material for insulation of socles and foundations.
Preparation for installation
Before warming the facade with foam, preparatory work is carried out. First, the surface of the outer wall is cleaned of paint residues, plaster and dirt. The cracks in the door and window blocks are closed. The metal parts are coated with paint from corrosion, and the wooden parts with compounds from decay. Then preparatory work is carried out to remove the protrusions, repair cracks with indentations, and to strengthen the slopes on the openings. The surface of the wall is treated with a penetrating primer, which improves the adhesion of the material to the fixing mixture. Scaffolding or other means may be required to work at heights.
The boards themselves are treated with a drywall roller with sharp protrusions or a brush for metal. The presence of shallow recesses contributes to better adhesion to walls and plaster.
Facade insulation with foam: an algorithm of actions for a stone house
In the construction of insulation boards, they are nailed, glued or do it all in a complex. First, the facade insulation is calculated, and then panels of the required thickness are selected.
Laying starts from the bottom corner of the wall, where a metal start profile is installed horizontally first. It is fastened with dowels along the installation line broken by the cord. Of the tools you need spatulas of different sizes. Toothed can be used if the difference on the wall exceeds 10 mm. The solution is best applied to the wall taking into account irregularities and then firmly press the panel against it.
Note! Mounting mixtures for plates can be for different purposes and differ in properties, for example, for gluing to a wall or sealing joints. Materials are used strictly according to the recommendations of manufacturers.
Insulation of the walls of the facade of the building with foam will be better if the glued plates are additionally nailed to the wall. The fit will increase. This is not done before the glue dries. Mounting is made with plastic plate dowels.
They clog nails from the same material. It is better not to use them from metal, since cold bridges are formed .
The holes in the wall are drilled 2 cm deeper than the length of the dowel. It is selected according to the thickness of the plate and the layer of the mounting mixture. The dowel is inserted into the hole and adjusted with a hammer one level with the wall so that the protruding head does not interfere with subsequent plastering. Then the mounting plastic nail is clogged.
The joints are sealed up. If the gap width exceeds 5 mm, it is filled with polyurethane foam. But so the plates of the old types are processed. Modern designs are made curly and form a tight connection without gaps.
An adhesive layer is applied to the panel from the outside and a fiberglass mesh is installed. It is leveled with a spatula until completely immersed in the solution. Seats around the perimeter for docking remain intact. Then the next grid is overlapped with an overlap of at least 15 cm and the process is repeated. For thick stucco layers (12-30 mm) a new layer is made of a primer, cement-sand mixture, on which a metal mesh is laid, and then a sand-lime mixture and finishing plaster. Before each application of the plaster layer, a penetrating primer is used to increase the life of the coating.
A surface like paint is applied to the plastered wall surface or tiles are glued. Installation is difficult and requires highly skilled performers.
On fixed plates, it is better to mount an external protective masonry, which is also finishing at the same time. Its connection to the wall is made through insulation panels with flexible connections. The finish is highly resistant to weathering and mechanical stress.
Facade insulation with foam: technology for a wooden house
The wooden house itself holds heat well. Additional insulation is required when the logs cracked, cracks appeared, joints were broken.
When the facade of the wooden house is insulated with foam, the technology is slightly different from the stone one.
The preparation of the facade consists in removing the remnants of old coatings, salt deposits and removing protrusions, as well as mold and fungal lesions. Walls must be reliably puttied. Then the wood is treated with fungicides. The evenness of the walls is checked with a plumb line. Metal structures are cleaned and painted with paint from corrosion.
The gas tightness of the foam is an important factor to consider when warming a wooden house. It is not allowed to lay plates directly on the walls due to the risk of moisture accumulating on them, leading to rotting of the wood. In addition, an important advantage of a wooden house is lost - the ability to "breathe" through the walls.
The structures are erected with ventilation of the facades, where an air gap is created between the walls and the insulation. To do this, the house is upholstered on the outside with a 50x50 mm bar, between which thermal insulation plates are laid. It is better to use a profile frame that lies exactly on the entire surface. It is important to lay solid chopped slabs around all openings, rather than waste, as many do for the purpose of saving. A horizontal beam is fastened from below, on which insulation will be based. In a log house, roughnesses in logs themselves provide ventilation conditions. A rail is beaten onto a bar and only after that a heater is laid. Outside decoration is done with bricks, siding or other materials.
Frame houses
In frame houses, penoplex is laid according to the same technology, but instead of the wall, sheets of drywall, chipboard, etc. are used instead of the wall. Pay attention to the insulation of the facade from smallpox with penoplex. The technology for grades 1-3 is similar to wood laying, since they are all sensitive to moisture. Brand 4 is heavy-duty and moisture resistant, and any of the above methods can be used here. Sandwich panels are also water resistant. Already at the factory, the insulation is placed between two plates. Builders can only assemble the house as a designer in a few days. The photo below shows the insulation of the facade from smallpox with penoplex. The technology involves the use of sandwich panels in the process of building a house. After there is no need to sheathe it with a heater.
The methods of installing thermal insulation inside the house remain the same, including the most important - the creation of ventilated gaps near the walls. Drywall, decorative panels, wall paneling are used on the inside.
The right solution is not only the insulation of the walls, but also the floor and ceiling. This requires a much smaller layer thickness than sawdust or mineral wool. At the same time, you can lay it on the bottom of the ceiling, if the height of the room allows. Here, the installation of the crate does not require much effort.
Conclusion
Warming the house with foam allows you to reliably protect it from climatic influences and rapid wear. The material is environmentally friendly and quality. If you make the facade insulation with penoplex, the technology is not difficult, but it must be performed correctly. Thermal costs are quickly offset by savings in heating. The material attaches well to many building materials and is resistant to moisture.