One of the prerequisites for the development and existence of human society is labor. This process consists of three components that are unchanged regardless of the historical era. These include the following:
- objects of labor ;
- his funds;
- actually labor.
In the process of production, man, through his actions, controls and regulates the exchange of various substances that occurs between him and nature. With the help of work, people create and increase the goods and services that they need. The labor process refers to a complex socio-economic phenomenon. On the one hand, a person expends his nervous and physical energy to achieve the ultimate goal. This serves as a physiological characteristic of the labor process. On the other hand, work is associated with the interaction of members of the labor collective, which is production relations. From this point of view, it seems to be a social phenomenon.
The active population of any country does not have the ability to produce goods or offer services until they unite in certain organizational forms. In this regard, the basis of any type of economic system is social and labor relations. They appear as a single complex of relations between their links:
- employers and employees;
- legislative and executive bodies and entities.
The list of issues that cover social and labor relations is very extensive. He owns the whole range of economic property relations:
- determination of the level of remuneration and its conditions;
- consideration of labor conflict situations;
- solving the issue of the participation of wage workers in the process of production management;
- conclusion of contracts and agreements relating to the world of work;
- implementation of individual and collective negotiations.
Social and labor relations are a leading element of the entire system of social relations. They serve as a criterion for people's lifestyle. By the stage of development of these relations, they judge the democratic nature of society, as well as the orientation of its economic system on the social sphere.
There are four groups of subjects that interact with each other in the production process. The first of them consists of employers and wage workers, local government and the state. The second group includes bodies of representative organizations whose functions include delegation of authority. These include trade unions, governing bodies and authorities, as well as associations, which include employers. Social dialogues are implemented with the participation of entities in the third group. They are temporarily created or permanently functioning bodies at the regional level, as well as the organization of the National Council of National Partnership.
The regulation of social and labor relations is the prerogative of various peacekeeping and mediation structures, as well as independent experts and arbitrators in the fourth group. They are designed to extinguish all kinds of conflict situations and prevent their aggravation in the production sphere.
Social and labor relations are based on certain principles. These include:
- The principle of ensuring legislative acts;
- principle of partnership;
- targeting;
- integration.
Social and labor relations are moving into a more democratic degree with the development of collective and private forms of property ownership. They are improved as a result of the process of introducing advanced technologies and strengthening the human factor in the production cycle.