The sewage system in private houses today is equipped with many owners of suburban areas. Such engineering communications can, of course, significantly improve the quality of life in a low-rise building.
It is necessary to design a sewer system for a country house correctly. Otherwise, odors from such a network will penetrate into the living space. In country houses above one floor, when assembling utilities of this type, among other things, a ventilation valve for sewage (aerator) is usually used .
Application benefits
Modern devices of this type have come to replace the traditional fan ventilation pipes that were widely used in previous years. Valves of this type are literally pennies. Moreover, in comparison with traditional fan pipes, they have many advantages.
Reviews about ventilation valves for sewage from the owners of houses and apartments are good also due to their following advantages:
In addition, unlike a ventilation pipe, birds cannot get into such a device. On the roof of the house when using a vacuum device, nothing is displayed at all. Ventilation valves for sewage are usually installed in the attic of a building. That is, the owner of the house does not need to perform complex work on laying the pipe through the ramp.
Main purpose
As you know, the pipes of the internal sewerage in country houses are connected to one vertical riser. It is he who is the main element of engineering systems of this type. From below, an external street drain of the house is connected to the riser in the sewer networks. The top of such a pipe, according to the standards, is not closed with plugs.
Sometimes, with intensive use of the drain network at home in various kinds of plumbing fixtures, a water seal breaks down. As a result, unpleasant sewer odors begin to flow into the premises. To prevent this from happening, a vacuum valve is used. With its presence, even with the most active operation of the network, the residents of the house do not break water locks in sinks, bathtubs and toilets.
Design
With heavy use of sewage, the water in the riser begins to draw air into it very strongly. As a result, a significant vacuum, in other words, a vacuum, can be created in the cavity of this pipe. It is because of this that plumbing occurs under pressure in plumbing fixtures.
Ventilation valves for sewage are structurally composed of:
The grill on the window of such valves is provided so that insects do not get inside their casing. This element is usually made of plastic.
Principle of operation
The valve diaphragm or stems remain stationary at neutral or positive pressure. If during discharge of water in the riser there is a vacuum, they open. As a result, air from the street begins to flow into the pipe. Accordingly, the pressure in it is equalized. Immediately after this happens, the riser diaphragm closes again under the influence of gravity. As a result of the breakdown of hydraulic locks, no smells penetrate into the premises of the house.
On the market today there are both powerful valves designed for the entire sewer network as a whole, and small ones installed on a separate plumbing fixture, for example, a sink.
What else serves
Another function of the ventilation valve for sewage is to prevent clogging of pipes. If there are plugs in the network during the drain, positive pressure is created in the sewer system. In this case, air, on the contrary, is trying to go up.
The membrane of the vacuum valve remains closed. As a result, a pressure plug in the system can simply be pushed out, for example, into a sink.
How to choose a valve
When buying such a device, you should first pay attention to such a characteristic as bandwidth. This indicator for modern models can be 32-47 l / s with a negative pressure of 250 Pa. The more extensive and overall sewage system is used in the house, the more powerful for it, of course, you should buy a valve.
Dimensions of fixtures
Also, when buying this device, of course, you need to pay attention to the diameter of its outlet pipe. Currently, the industry produces such devices at 40-110 mm. The largest vacuum devices are designed for installation on risers. After all, it is precisely this diameter that pipes of this variety usually have in country houses. The ventilation valve for sewage 110 mm in this case is just perfect. The smallest devices of this type are mounted under the sinks through a tee with accession to the sunbed.
Installation Rules
It is necessary to install such devices on a riser rather high. In any case, without exception, all plumbing fixtures should be located in the house below it. In most cases, as already mentioned, such devices are mounted in the attic.
Among other things, when tapping, one should observe the following installation standards for general purpose ventilation valves in the sewerage system:
the device should be located at a height of not less than 350 mm from the floor level of the room (and preferably on a pipe 1 m long);
- Mounting the device is allowed on horizontal sections of the system, but strictly in an upright position;
in apartment buildings, valves are allowed to be installed no higher than the 6th floor;
all connections of such a device with elements of the sewage system should be as tight as possible.
In most cases, common-house vacuum valves are mounted on a riser. But sometimes they are still installed in other parts of the system. It is permitted to do so by standards. But in this latter case, it is recommended to mount the device closer to the riser than all plumbing fixtures available in the house.
Important
To install sewer valves, in accordance with the regulations, it is necessary to install in rooms equipped with a ventilation system. You cannot install such devices in an unheated attic. The air temperature in the room where the device is mounted must always remain positive.
If the attic in the house is not heated, the installation of the ventilation valve of the sewage system can be done directly in the house, in the room where the main plumbing fixtures are located. In this case, the device should also be positioned higher than the latter. Otherwise, the valve will perform its functions inefficiently.
How to install
A ventilation valve for sewage crashes into the system in the same way as any other shaped parts - elbows, elbows, etc. Under the sink, for example, such devices are installed using a 45-degree tee. In this case, the valve itself is inserted into a vertically located pipe of such a fitting, and the siphon is connected to the second branch. The tee in this case is selected in accordance with the diameter of the valve nozzle.
Under the sink usually set, as already mentioned, small vacuum devices. There are many options for such devices by manufacturers today. For example, the owner of an apartment or house has the opportunity to purchase a ventilation valve for 40mm sewage with a tee. When using such a device, installation under the sink can be made in literally 5-10 minutes. Indeed, in this case, the owner of the house does not have to pick up consumables at all.
Large valves are installed using approximately the same technology. When mounting them directly on the pipe or through the tee, make sure that the membrane is in a strictly horizontal position. The valve itself in this case should be selected in accordance with the diameter of the riser.
Small valves usually simply fit snugly into the tee. When installing large devices of this type, in some cases threaded connections can also be used. This method of installing the valve is considered more reliable. In this case, a thread is pre-cut on the nozzle of the device and in the pipe.
When using the simple bell-shaped mounting method, a sealing collar is pre-installed in the tee branch or in the riser. This device will subsequently seal the joint between the valve and the pipe or fitting.
Expert Advice
Today many companies produce vacuum valves. Some of the devices of this type available on the market sometimes, unfortunately, are of poor quality. For example, in ventilation valves for sewage 50 mm (and in large ones too), the stem sometimes lets air through. This is usually associated with poor-quality smelting of the cap of such a fungus. Valves are usually inexpensive. A poor-quality device, of course, can simply be replaced with a new one. However, if you want, a low-quality valve can be repaired and you can try it yourself. A stem cap defect can be fixed, for example, using conventional sealant.
In this case, the lining is first removed from the fungus. Next, the rod is wiped with a clean damp cloth. Then a sealant is applied to the hat from below and the gasket is put back on. The installation of a valve improved in this way can be started in a few hours. But it’s better to wait a day. Previously, the device should be disassembled and make sure that the stem does not stick to the walls of the socket.
Large devices of this type, for example, ventilation valves for sewage HL (900, 901, 905, etc.), before installing on a riser, experienced craftsmen are advised to check for leaks. For this, air can be pumped into the valve, for example, and coated with soapy water. Cracks on the device’s body will immediately become visible.
Before installing the valve on a riser, experienced craftsmen advise to shut off water in the house. Forgetfulness of any of the residents during the installation of such a device can lead to a flood. At the final stage, it is also recommended to check the tightness of the joint between the valve and the riser. The presence of gaps in this place can lead to the fact that the vacuum device will not perform its functions.