There are various human rights: economic, social, political and so on. All of them were created in order to regulate the relationship between people within society and at the same time create the best conditions for the development and self-realization of each individual. Of course, one should not forget that obligations come with rights. Therefore, you must treat them carefully and stick to them. Now, let's start looking at human rights, economic, social, and political.
Legislative regulation
Where is the confirmation of human rights and freedoms? The most important document is the Constitution. This applies to any state with strong popular institutions (civil society, election system, and so on). Then comes the writing of certain provisions and interpretations in various codes, laws, regulations and other legal forms.
Economic rights of man and citizen
Let's start precisely with the fact that it is closest to us in everyday life - with the economy. So, economic human rights affect such areas as production, distribution and exchange of material goods. Each individual is free to use his abilities and property to carry out entrepreneurial (or other, not prohibited, economic) activities. At the same time, the right to private property is protected by law, and a person cannot be deprived of his gain otherwise than according to a court decision. It should also be noted that each individual can choose for himself a kind of activity, a profession. However, any discrimination in payment is prohibited. If we consider a special case of the Russian Federation, it should be noted that a citizen of the country has the right to participate in the creation of economic benefits. By this we mean the opportunities to work and get paid, have a rest, organize a strike, carry out entrepreneurial activity and have private property. We also have the opportunity to use natural and other objects of public property. As you can see, although human rights are economic and do not bring everything on a silver platter, they still provide good opportunities for labor.
Political freedoms
Their feature is that they are closely related to the citizenship of the individual. Also in modern realities, often political and economic human rights are intertwined. So, according to the law, everyone has the right to create associations on the basis of specific reasons (the same ideology, professional societies, and so on). In addition, each citizen has the right to participate in government through his representatives or in person. We can elect and be elected to local and state authorities. In addition, citizens have the right to participate in marches, rallies and demonstrations. Political freedoms are important from the point of view that they allow all people who live under the control of a certain state to take part in the life of society and the country. The most important thing here is to make proposals on the work of bodies and criticism of all the shortcomings and shortcomings of their activities.
Socio-economic rights of man and citizen
This is the youngest group of freedoms. It began to form at the end of the nineteenth century and fully took shape already in the twentieth century. So, it was decided that everyone needs to guarantee the right to social security when they reach a certain age, in case of illness, disability, loss of a bread-winner, parenting, and so on. In addition, considerable attention was paid to the right to education. The next step was to ensure the protection of health and receive medical care, an environmentally friendly environment and compensation for damage, if not possible. This socio-economic human rights and freedoms do not end there. Particular attention was paid to motherhood and childhood. Legislative documents of many countries provide for special assistance and care. The state also protects the family. It should be remembered that social rights mean the ability of a person as a citizen to be provided with the necessary living conditions, so that he has the opportunity to participate in society and enjoy the benefits. Of the most important components, the following should be highlighted:
- health protection;
- safe for health and life leisure;
- social protection;
- high living standards, both of an individual person and of the whole family;
- the ability to voluntarily consent (or not) to marriage;
- protection of fatherhood and motherhood.
And these are not all the socio-economic human rights that exist.
Generations of human rights
There are several approaches to classifying the freedoms that an individual has. In the framework of this article, a rather interesting concept of “generations” of human rights will be considered. The separation here occurs according to the time of their formation:
- First generation. This includes personal as well as political rights that were proclaimed by the French Revolution.
- Second generation. Cultural and socio-economic rights that arose as a result of the struggle of people to improve their situation.
- Third generation. This includes collective rights such as peace, disarmament, a healthy environment, development, and so on. But this point is very controversial, and now there is no single point of view regarding it.
Personal freedoms
Alternatively, they are also called civil rights. Most of them have already existed since the moment of birth; it is forbidden to take them away or somehow limit them. Personal freedoms serve to ensure the self-realization of the individual as an independent member of society and legally protect him from any illegal interference. An example is the right to life, to respect for dignity and honor, to personal integrity, movement and so on.
Economic and social freedoms
Their main goal is to rid a person of need and fear. Thanks to them, a compromise is sought between the employer and the employee, the entrepreneur and the state, and so on. Moreover, theoretically, they take such a form as to help each person become a useful participant in the global social process.
Conclusion
It should be noted that the freedoms of the first and second generations (or civil and economic) have fundamental differences. Thus, the observance of political rights should not depend on the level of economic development of the country. Central to ensuring civil liberties is the will of the government. Their peculiarity is that political rights can be claimed here and now. With
socio-economic freedoms, the opposite is true. Their observance directly depends on the current situation in the country, the purchasing power of the average person, and a large number of other factors. So, if the economy is underdeveloped, then the fulfillment by the state of its obligations will be difficult. This
type of rights is always realized in a progressive manner, as the country develops and its economic life.