The name of the Russian poet N.A. Nekrasov is known to everyone. Some loved his children's works âGrandfather Mazai and the Haresâ or âPeasant Childrenâ. Others remember the poems âFrost, Red Noseâ, âTo Whom It Is Good to Live in Russiaâ. For the third, this name is associated with the protector of the peasants and all the oppressed.
A difficult path made by the poet in life and literature will help to present a chronological table. Nekrasov was never afraid of difficulties, and no circumstances shook his confidence that the Russian people were worthy of respect and reverence.
Origin and childhood
The poet was a nobleman: his father, a stern and oppressive man, had an estate in the Yaroslavl province. Nikolai lived in Greshnev from three years (years of life of N. A. Nekrasov - 1821-1877) until entering the gymnasium. This time left a heavy mark on the boyâs soul, as he often witnessed his fatherâs cruel attitude towards serfs, his humble wife, and his own children. Also, the Vladimir road, on which people of different classes constantly walked or traveled somewhere, and the great Russian river Volga , was here forever remembered - here he first heard the song of the hacks.
The period of life associated with the study reflects the chronological table.
Nekrasov from an early age is distinguished by his willingness to defend his views. The first difficulties prepared for fate, he had to overcome in his teens.
1832 | Enters a gymnasium in the city of Yaroslavl | He left after grade 5. Over the years, he did not show much zeal in studies, although he was distinguished by a wonderful memory and mind. The main reason - did not get along with the authorities of the gymnasium, which did not suit his satirical poems. By 1836, a whole notebook had accumulated. |
1837 | Leaves school | Lack of interest in studies could cause exams to fail. In addition, the father did not want to pay further for the education of his sons. |
Life in St. Petersburg: a chronological table
Nekrasova in the capital, for the first time, hunger and poverty were expected. But the desire to study and engage in literary creativity was stronger. Nikolai Alekseevich went a long way from criticism of the first collection to the editor of the most popular magazines and the poet known throughout the country.
1838 | Comes to Petersburg | Father, a former officer, insisted on entering the noble regiment. But the young Nekrasov chooses his own path, as a result of which he loses all support from home. About 3 years he earns his living and listens to lectures at the university. However, his dream of getting a higher education did not come true due to lack of funds. |
1842 | Acquaintance with V. Belinsky | This meeting will largely determine the fate of N. Nekrasov and bring him closer to the revolutionary democrats. Communication with the critic replaced the budding poet university. In addition, Belinsky introduced him to literary circles. |
1846 | Rent a "Contemporary" | Together with I. Panayev, they decide to take up the publication of a journal created by A. Pushkin. Very soon all progressively-minded minds of St. Petersburg will begin to flock here. Until the close of Sovremennik in 1866, he was its editor. |
1848-63 | Civil marriage with A. Panaeva | Avdotya Yakovlevna N. A. Nekrasov dedicated the best poems of love lyrics. But they were also like-minded and associates. |
1858 | Comes up with a "Whistle" | This was an appendix to "Contemporary". The idea belonged entirely to N. Nekrasov, but N. Dobrolyubov was more involved in the publication. |
1861 | Becomes the owner of the estate | The estate of Karabik was in the Yaroslavl province. He came here to relax, enjoy nature, to hunt. And, of course, it was also written differently here. |
1866 | Comes to the "Domestic Notes" | Until the end of his life, together with M. Saltykov-Shchedrin, he is engaged in publishing a journal that has practically replaced Sovremennik. |
1871 | Acquaintance with Thekla (Nekrasov called her Zina) Viktorova, future wife | The girl at that time was not even 21 years old, but it was she who spent the last years of his life next to Nikolai Alekseevich. And 8 months before the death of the poet, they got married. |
1875 | Disease onset | Doctors diagnose N. Nekrasov - colorectal cancer. No treatment helps the poet anymore. |
1877 | Death | He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery. |
The beginning of literary activity
As the chronological table shows, Nekrasova was always distinguished by a craving for creativity (we note at least the moment that he was an editor of magazines from 1846 to 1877).
Elena Andreyevna, his mother, played a significant role in shaping the future poet. She dreamed of seeing her son educated and in every way encouraged her passion for poetry. Nikolai Alekseevich read a lot while studying at the gymnasium.
Arriving in St. Petersburg, Nekrasov managed to publish several of his poems. But they were published in minor magazines, and they paid very little for them. And the collection âDreams and Soundsâ published in 1840 did not bring fame and fame. Trying to survive in a strange city, Nekrasov wrote in various genres. About his early work, he then spoke quite severely.
The first success came in 1845 with the poem "On the Road."
Chronological table of Nekrasov: briefly about the best works
1845 | "On the way". Belinsky, who defeated the first collection, is delighted |
1848 | "Yesterday ..." - printed after the death of the poet |
1853 | "The Last Elegy" - a cycle of poems |
1856 | A collection of 4 sections of âPoems by N. Nekrasovâ, opened with the work âPoet and Citizenâ, included the poem âSashaâ. The success was tremendous, but at the same time the persecution of censorship intensified. |
1860 | âReflections at the front doorâ |
1861 | "Chapters" |
1862 | âIn full swing ...â, âGreen noiseâ, âKnight for an hourâ |
1863 | âFrost, Red noseâ, âIn memory of Dobrolyubovâ, âOrina, mother of soldiersâ |
1864 | "Railway" |
1865 | âTo whom it is good to live in Russiaâ - 1 part (full text - in 1868) |
1865-66 | âSongs about a free wordâ - satire cycle |
1870 | "Grandfather" - a poem about the Decembrists |
1871-72 | "Russian women" |
1877 | N. A. Nekrasov is preparing a book of dying poems "Last Songs" |
The significance of the work of N. A. Nekrasov
In his works, the poet not only developed the best literary traditions that had developed at the beginning of the century, but also significantly expanded the possibilities of Russian poetry. Reliance on folklore, an active appeal to the life of the people, an epic narrative, close to colloquial vocabulary - these are the distinctive features of the poems and poems of Nikolai Alekseevich, which, of course, can not accommodate a brief chronological table.
Nekrasova was always distinguished by her devotion to the interests of Russia and her people, which A. Lunacharsky noted in his statement: â... there is no person in Russian literature ... such a person who would bow lower with love and reverence than before Nekrasovâs memory!â