Processing apple pests: timing, selection of drugs, features of the work, tips and advice from experienced gardeners

In order for apple trees to bear fruit well and delight gardeners, apple trees must be processed from pests.

Professional gardeners examine apple trees before this process to detect the presence or absence of harmful insects. Also determine the number of pests and their degree of danger to fruit trees.

Processing apple trees is not easy, because it is done with the help of special preparations. You need to know exactly the amount of application of these drugs to trees, how to do it correctly.

Apple processing scheme

Processing apple pests by specialists occurs according to a certain scheme. They make calculations on how to treat the apple trees with the minimum amount of pesticides so that both the trees are preserved and the fruits are not harmed.

The processing of apple trees from diseases and pests occurs according to the following scheme:

1. In March, before the buds open, you can treat the trees with the preparation No. 30. It destroys wintering pests that sit in the wood.
2. In April, the green cone of the tree is sprayed. This can be done using Bordeaux liquid 1%. It protects trees from fungi and bacteria.
3. In May, buds are being processed. At this stage, we are struggling with leaflets and flower beetles.
4. In June, during the period of fruit growth, apple trees are treated with Topaz and Lepidocin. Then they impose special belts so that it is impossible for pests to climb a tree.
5. In July, the fruits are still growing, and they must also be protected, but already from the codling moth.
6. In August, the fruits ripen. Here, the carrion is harvested and the late apple varieties are protected with the help of Kemifos.
7. In September, the fruits of many varieties of apple trees still ripen. Therefore, you also need to collect the scavenger, impose hunting belts.

Thus, the processing of apple trees from pests is carried out almost the entire period of the growing season.

Phased spring processing of apple trees

It is very important to process fruit trees in the spring. This procedure is considered the main step in protecting apple trees. So, spring processing of apple and pear from pests is divided into three main stages.

First

This stage takes place in early April. In March, apple trees are pruned: removal of dried and infected branches, as well as parasitic branches. These include one-year-old branches growing upwards or to the trunk of an apple tree. In these areas there will be no apples, and the processes themselves will take away the forces from the tree.

After trimming, the tree trunk is cleaned of scab, rot and various injuries. To avoid infection, all wounds of the apple tree are treated with a garden var or heated resin. The skeletal part of the tree is whitewashed with garden whitewash to protect against the bright rays of the spring sun and to destroy insects that winter in the trunk of an apple tree.

Second

At this stage, spraying begins. To start this, you need to dissolve the first kidneys. This is usually the end of April. Processing will be more effective in quiet, calm weather. The first spraying, as a rule, is carried out with a solution of copper sulfate. This mixture kills most pests that winter in the buds of fruit trees.

But spring processing of apple trees from pests is not only done with chemicals. Various infusions are also suitable for this: from onion husks, infusion of garlic, infusion of tobacco dust, you can also spray with a solution of laundry soap.

After spraying the apple tree itself, you still need to cultivate the soil around it.

Typically, these procedures are performed in the evening, so that the solutions do not lose their effectiveness when interacting with the sun.

Third

The next spring treatment of apple trees from pests and diseases is carried out after flowering. During this period, hunting belts are imposed on fruit trees, which can be made independently. Such a belt is made using any wrapping paper, slag or burlap and a small amount of glue. The width of the belt should be about 20 cm, as much as possible.

Spraying of apple trees during this period is carried out with the help of such preparations as Marshal, Nurel D, Neoron. They kill almost all insects. If careful processing of trees is not required, then lighter means can be used. These are such drugs as Barrier, Fitoferm, Aktofit.

Chemical treatment of apple trees during flowering is not recommended. It can harm insects that pollinate trees at this point.

You can spray apple trees in the summer, but only if there is a need. In this case, it is better to use gentle means.

How to spray the apple tree

In order for the apple harvest to be generous and of high quality, you need to properly fight insects and pests. If the apple tree is not sprayed in a timely manner, then all watering, fertilizers and pruning will be useless. Therefore, it is important to understand which drugs should be used for maximum effectiveness.

Spraying begins in the spring and continues in the summer during the maximum activity of pests. In the fall, after harvesting, it is also advisable to spray for preventive purposes.

Spraying: spring-summer-fall.

Spring. Before the swelling of the kidneys, the first spraying of the apple tree is carried out using a freshly prepared urea solution. Spray the bark of a tree to get rid of wintering insects. Take 700 g of substance per 10 liters of water.

Further processing of apple trees in spring from pests is carried out in April, so that insects do not damage the buds of the apple tree. During flowering, many gardeners do not recommend treatment. It is made by pink buds. This is a measure of protection against moniliosis and scab. You can use "Skor", "Chorus", Bordeaux mixture (1%).

Processing apple trees after flowering from pests helps protect the fruits themselves and prevent the development of various diseases.

Summer. Basically, summer care for the apple tree is to feed. They do this with liquid fertilizers, as they are more easily absorbed by foliage. Chemical processing of apple trees during flowering from pests is rarely carried out, only in isolated cases, if necessary. It is better to deal with insects in this period by other methods: using hunting belts or planting repellents.

Autumn. During this period, spraying is also carried out, but already for prevention. You can use “Skor” or Bordeaux mixture (2%), but processing should be carried out on bare branches (after leaf fall). In addition, in autumn you need to pick all the dry fruits remaining on the tree, remove and burn the leaves.

Very often, diseases begin to appear only during fruiting. But here it is important to remember that it is impossible to spray apple trees during the ripening of fruits. This can be done only after harvesting. The results will be visible as early as next year.

Preparations for treating apple pests

Listed below are the most common and effective drugs that are used to feed and treat pests.

1. Urea. A fairly common drug. When using it, you need to dilute it with water, according to the instructions. Urea is used for various purposes, it will depend on the time of year. In the spring, during the processing of apple pests, they use urea to fight insects sleeping in the bark of a tree. In the fight against pests that hide in the bark, a more concentrated solution is suitable. So that he does not burn the leaves, use it only before the swelling of the kidneys.

In summer, urea can feed fruit trees. This drug is rich in nitrogen, which affects yield. With foliar top dressing, you need to take no more than 30 g of the product per 10 liters of water.

1. Copper sulfate. Used for the prevention of moniliosis, anthracnose, scab. It also kills harmful insects. To prevent fungal diseases, the apple tree is treated with a solution of copper sulfate in early spring, before the buds open. The proportion is 100 g of the drug per 10 liters of water, which must first be heated so that copper sulfate dissolves faster.
2. Inkstone. Processing of apple trees in the spring from pests and diseases can also be carried out using iron sulfate. It is also used as fertilizer, as it saturates fruit trees with iron. This trace element promotes growth and abundant fruiting. With soil depletion and a lack of this element, treatment with iron sulfate will be very useful. Spraying with iron sulfate stimulates the growth and formation of chlorophyll. The proportion is 100 g of substance per 10 liters of water.
3. Colloidal sulfur. This drug is used in the fight against powdery mildew, ticks, various fungal diseases. Colloidal sulfur cannot be dissolved in water, but it can be stirred and turned into a suspension. Before use, sulfur is usually soaked in water, so that later it is easier to dilute it. It does not harm a person, but evaporating under the sun's rays, has a detrimental effect on pests. To prepare the solution, 1 sachet is stirred in 10 l of water.

Preparation for processing

Processing apple pests is carried out today by all kinds of systems: both manual and electric, with and without a compressor. Of course, some gardeners still use a bucket and a broom, but this spraying is not the most effective.

For high-quality processing, you need to use a pump. In this case, the nozzle for the pump must be selected correctly so that the liquid is well atomized. Drops when spraying should be as small as possible. This will allow you to economically spend the solution and evenly process the trees.

Before starting the procedure, you need to check how the pump works, whether there is enough hose length to get to the very top.

Next, go to the tree inspection: if there are moss and lichens, they are removed with a brush. After that, you can prepare a solution - homogeneous, without lumps. It is important to stir it well so that the fruit trees are sprayed evenly. During the treatment itself, the solution must be shaken.

Features of the processing process

When the solution is prepared, you can proceed to the processing itself. It is necessary to spray evenly on the trunk, branches and leaves, so the processing of apple trees from pests will be as effective as possible. The distance from the pump tip to the tree should be 75-80 cm. Very carefully you need to spray the leaves of the apple tree - the solution should also fall on the back of the leaves. After processing, the device must be thoroughly rinsed with cold water. For maximum efficiency spraying is not necessary to selectively process the trees. It is better to immediately process the entire garden. If pest control is carried out on one particular tree, it is better to process neighboring ones so that the parasites do not spread.

Processing Safety

Processing of apple trees in spring from pests occurs with the help of special tools and materials: a piston pump or a special compressor, a respiratory mask (or a multi-layer gauze bandage), rubber gloves, and eye protection glasses. It is also advisable to think about clothes that will protect the body as much as possible from sprayed substances.

When spraying, you need to be extremely careful, as some drugs can harm your health. When the procedure is over, you need to wash your hands and face well with soap. In this case, it is better to use the most ordinary soap, which does not contain extraneous additives. These additives can react with the active substance of the solution remaining on the skin.

The mouth must also be rinsed with clean water. It is important to remember that it is necessary to spray when the weather is calm and calm.

Pests

Fruit trees have quite a few pests. The most common are described below.

1. Apple Blossom is a small black-brown bug with light stripes and an arched proboscis. It hibernates in tree bark and in fallen foliage. The bugs themselves feed on the kidneys and the larvae on buds. They struggle with the flower beetle, cleansing the old bark, and using special hunting belts.
2. Fruit moth is a small butterfly with bright wings with fringe along the edges. She eats buds, a leaf plate. Fighting with her drugs Fitoverm, Vertimek, Oleukuprit.
3. The winter moth is a reddish-gray butterfly. Its caterpillars are very voracious, feed on buds first and then foliage. Fighting a butterfly with trapping belts.
4. The apple glass-case is a butterfly with a dark blue body and transparent wings. Fight it with modern insecticides.