The structure of culture is the direct structure of culture, which is based on basic and functional elements. They characterize the course of the process of cultural activity, its parties.
Culture consists of the following components: education, science, literature, art, morality, law, religion, mythology, politics. These components exist simultaneously and constitute a single whole. In addition, today the structure of culture is divided into additional components, such as class, world, national, rural, urban, material, spiritual and national areas. Each of these elements can be divided into smaller ones.
The structure and functions of culture have a huge impact on every person. They play an important role in the development of society and therefore perform irreplaceable functions for improving the personality:
1) Human creation function. It lies in the fact that a person lives in culture, knowing himself with his help. In another way, such a function can be called transformative, since the transformations of the surrounding world are the basic need of people.
2) Information function. It consists in ensuring the process of transmission from generation to generation of various forms of progress. The action of this function is manifested in the accumulation and subsequent storage of cultural information containing knowledge about man and the world.
3) Cognitive function. Any culture strives to recreate its own picture of the whole world.
4) Communicative function. Culture is able to embody specific methods of communication and their rules, and communication, in turn, is the process of exchanging information with people.
5) Regulatory function. It is a consequence of the importance of proper human relations with the environment, social or natural. There is a need to maintain order in society. Culture is engaged in the creation of norms and laws, establishes prohibitions and allows the regulation of forms of relationships.
6) Sign function. She is responsible for verbal and gesture communication systems of different nationalities.
7) Value function. Culture can show people certain values.
8) Spiritual and moral function. It consists in the educational purpose of culture.
9) Consumer function. This is a function of relieving tension by broadcasting cultural objects and receiving spiritual pleasure.
The structure of culture distinguishes spiritual and material cultures. The differences between them are set too superficially, presumably only in abstraction, provided that the person has the ability to separate fine lines from each other. Material culture is considered the creation of human hands and minds. But at the same time, spiritual and aesthetic components lie inside it. The structure of culture is such a broad concept that it is impossible to list all its components.
Material culture includes tools, buildings, technical means, production, means of communication, household objects, and transport. From the point of view of the subject heritage, various ancient civilizations are often studied.
Spiritual culture in society consists of reproduction, both individual consciousness and the consciousness of society. People need to contemplate the beautiful. The structure of spiritual culture includes
- the artistic culture of the people;
- art as a form of art;
- a culture of aesthetics;
- culture of science;
- educational culture;
- educational culture;
- a culture of spiritual and moral existence;
- information culture.
Culture is mainly a social category and therefore has its own characteristics, which it bears in some functions and attributes.