In Russia there are a lot of categories of citizens who need support. At the state level, various programs are being developed aimed at maintaining their standard of living at the proper level. Poor families need special care. Next, we consider the features of assistance to citizens of this category, the procedure and conditions for its provision.
Status specifics
Which family is considered to be poor? The legislation enshrines its features. To obtain the status of a poor family, the income of each member must be lower than the subsistence minimum established in the region of her residence.
To calculate, the total revenue for three months is divided by 3 (the number of months). The result is divided by the number of family members. Accordingly, if the amount does not reach the subsistence level, you can start processing.
A poor family can receive:
- Labor payments.
- Income from the use of property.
- Social benefits.
- Profit from housekeeping.
- Alimony.
- Copyright reward.
- Severance pay.
- Dividends.
All these amounts are taken into account when calculating the average monthly income per family member.
One of the conditions for recognizing a poor family is the absence of able-bodied but unemployed people in it.
Subjects of law
According to the rules, any family that meets the requirements can be recognized as poor. Moreover, its composition does not matter. The subjects of law may be families:
- Large (with three or more children).
- Full (children are raised by two parents or spouses do not have children).
- Incomplete (single parent).
- Members of which are persons with disabilities.
- With adopted / guardianship children.
- Without parents. In them, other relatives (grandparents, aunts, etc.) are involved in the upbringing and maintenance of children.
A prerequisite for recognizing a poor family is sharing and registration at the same address.
Design Nuances
For objective reasons, many citizens experience financial problems and are not able to provide for themselves or their children. Such persons are entitled to assistance from the state. How to get the status of a poor family?
First of all, you should write a statement. It must be submitted to the territorial body of social protection or to the MFC. A package of documents is attached to the application. A poor family is subject to all provisions of the law regarding the reliability and completeness of information provided to state bodies. In the event of detection of acts of fraud, concealment of sources of income, the corresponding status will not be assigned. Moreover, for gross violations of legal requirements, the applicant may be held liable under applicable standards. If it is discovered that an illegal act has been committed after the status has been assigned, the family may be deprived of future payments and obligated to return all the amounts received earlier.
If a family member is serving a criminal sentence, is wanted, is a soldier, is missing, a document is needed to confirm this.
After submitting an application and a package of documents to the specialist of the IFC or the territorial department of social protection, they are transferred to a special commission. She considers the case and makes a decision. This commission is allocated no more than a month. If all the documents are in order, the family will receive the status of the poor.
The main package of documents
To become a poor family, one of its members submits:
- Statement. It is drawn up in an approved form. As a rule, an application is filled out by an employee of the IFC or the territorial department of social protection.
- Passports, sv-va about the birth of family members.
- Kinship documents.
- Certificate of family composition.
- Extract from the house book. It should contain information about all persons registered at the address of the family's residence.
- Income statements.
- The list of property and title documents on it.
If the family has temporarily unemployed, a certificate from the Employment Service and a work book are required.
If one of the close relatives is a person who needs special health care, a medical report is attached to the listed papers.
Payouts
The state provides for various types of financial assistance to low-income families. The amount of payments depends on different circumstances. They can be charged once or monthly.
In the first case, payment to a poor family is made in connection with some legally significant event.
Allowances are provided free of charge and are financed from the budgets of various levels.
Lump sum payments
As a rule, they are provided for by regulations adopted at the municipal level. The value of such payments to low-income families should be specified at the place of residence in the territorial bodies of social protection.
Lump-sum allowances may also be provided at the expense of the federal budget. Usually they are provided for the birth of a child. Their size does not depend on the size of family incomes. The main payments can be considered:
- For registration in the early stages of pregnancy - 632.76 rubles.
- For adoption / birth - 16,873.54 rubles.
- Pregnant wives of persons serving on conscription in the Armed Forces, if the gestation period is 180 or more days - 26,721.01 rubles.
- For custody / adoption / guardianship of a disabled child, several children who are brothers / sisters, a child older than seven years - 128 927.58 rubles.
Maternal capital
Matkapital is also referred to as lump-sum payments if, in spite of a low income, a second, third or next child appears in a poor family. The amount of payment is the same throughout the country and does not depend on the address of residence. For 2018, the value is 453,026 rubles.
It is worth saying that the State Duma amended the regulations governing the use of funds of the capital. In 2018, subjects will have the opportunity to spend them monthly for current needs. This right is granted to parents from poor families. From 01/01/2018, if the average per capita income is less than 1.5 living wages, the capital can be spent in parts every month. The recipient will be one of the parents.
It should be noted that the income of family members is determined by the size of the subsistence minimum established for the second quarter of 2017. Monthly payments will stop when the child reaches one and a half years. The rest of the capital can be spent on other purposes defined in the legislation.
Regular payments
Monthly allowances for poor families are provided to parents who are not eligible for maternity capital (at the birth of the first child). The calculation is also carried out on the basis of the cost of living. If the income per spouse does not exceed 1.5 PM, a monthly allowance is assigned. It is also paid to poor families until the child reaches one and a half years.
The amount of payment is equal to the subsistence minimum established in the 2nd quarter of 2017 in the corresponding region (a similar amount is monthly deducted from the capital). It should be borne in mind that the financing of payments for the first-born of a poor family is carried out from the federal budget. As for deductions from the capital, funds from the FIU are used here.
Payouts may vary by region. Knowing the cost of living in a particular subject, you can determine what benefit the poor family will receive this year:
- Moscow - 14,252 rubles.
- Murmansk region - 15 048 rub.
- Novosibirsk region - 11 545 rub.
- Udmurtia - 8964 rubles.
- Chukotka - 22,222 rubles.
A contract employee will be paid 11,451.86 rubles per month.
Benefits for children under three years
It must be said right away that the parents of a child aged 1.5-3 can only rely on insignificant payments. Since the late 90s, the benefit amount is 50 p. The regional authorities, however, are taking certain measures to rectify the situation.
In early January 2018, monthly payments for a third child in a poor family resumed in many regions. This became possible because the president of the country adopted a special decree, which recommended returning the allowance.
Almost all regions complied with the recommendations of the Head of State. The allowance was returned in 70 subjects. Payment is made until the child reaches 3 years. Its amount is equal to the cost of living calculated for a child in a particular region.
At the same time, regional authorities provide for additional subsidies to low-income families, including for children over 3 years of age. Higher amounts of payments are also established if citizens raise a disabled child or there are other reasons for providing a larger amount.
General rules for applying for benefits
If the parent is employed, then all lump sum payments are provided to her through the employer. Members of poor families need to submit an application and documents only to the territorial department of social protection or the MFC. Employment does not matter. To assign payments to specialists of the IFC or the social protection body, the following are provided:
- Statement.
- Passports of parents with copies.
- Sv-va about the birth of children with copies.
- Details of the bank account to which the transfer will be made.
- SNILS with a copy.
This is a general list of required documents. The territorial department of social protection may require additional papers.
Subsidies
Low-income families can receive benefits for housing and utilities. Subsidies are granted if these expenses exceed 22% of the total income of all family members. In regions, however, a lower rate may be set. So, in St. Petersburg citizens in need can receive a subsidy at 14%, and in Moscow at 10%.
For low-income families, the indicator is even lower, since a decreasing coefficient is in effect. It is determined by the ratio of the average per capita income to the subsistence level in the subject.
Documents for the grant
As in previous cases, you must write an application to receive benefits. Attached to it:
- Passports of family members over 14 years of age, St. about the birth of minors.
- SNILS.
- Marriage / divorce certificate (if any).
- Adoption Document.
- Help for f. 9, which indicates all persons living in the room.
- Documents confirming the income of each family member. The certificate should contain information for the last 6 months. Incomes are recognized scholarships, pensions, unemployment benefits, salaries, other payments.
- Documents confirming the status of family members. It is, in particular, about a pension certificate, a certificate of disability, etc.
- Copies of work books (if one of the relatives is not employed).
- A document confirming the status of a low-income family.
- Social security agreement or certificate of ownership of ownership of housing.
- Receipts for payment of housing, a certificate of the absence of debts for utility bills.
- Bank account details for the transfer of funds.
This list is not exhaustive. In each case, specialists of the authorized body may request additional papers. For example, other documents are required if one of the persons registered in the dwelling temporarily leaves (in connection with military service, to serve a criminal sentence, etc.).
As a rule, citizens apply to the Housing Committee or another structure with similar functions to apply for subsidies. In addition, you can transfer documents to the MFC, and from there, experts will send them to the right department. Within 10 days, the authorized body must make a positive decision and notify the applicant about it. If there is a refusal, it is necessary to notify the applicant of this within five days.
The subsidy to poor families is provided for six months. At the end of this period, it is necessary to reaffirm the right to state support.
Additionally
The legislation also provides for other types of assistance to low-income citizens. So, the allowance that is paid to them is not taxed. In addition, as part of state support programs, people in need are provided with legal assistance free of charge.
In addition, funds are allocated from the federal budget to help citizens who have taken a mortgage. The state provides housing certificates, participates in debt repayment, or develops special mortgage programs on favorable terms.
Regional regulations also enshrines a variety of subsidies and allowances. However, often the subject’s budget is not enough to pay them. In this regard, regional authorities often have to abandon approved programs.
A common type of assistance to the poor is the provision of reduced fare on public transport. In many constituent entities of the Russian Federation, children from poor families can eat at school for free.
Of course, the federal, regional, municipal authorities still need to do a lot in the field of social security for needy citizens. Work in this direction is currently very active. Additional support is also provided by commercial enterprises.