The combination of the loggia with the room involves the approval at the first stage, which today is not such a troublesome step, because this type of redevelopment is the most common among owners of large and small apartments.
Permissions
Development of a project to expand the area involves the preparation and approval of documents. After obtaining all permissions, you can begin the merge. The project will determine not only the purpose of the new premises, but also the types of heating, as well as options for thermal insulation. The executive scheme will include a convenient arrangement of furniture and placement of lighting fixtures. These documents will accelerate the work of finishers, heat engineers and electricians. You can calculate the amount of all materials, equipment and tools.
Redevelopment Security
The combination of the loggia with the room involves the demolition of the load-bearing wall. The resulting opening in this regard should be strengthened by columns or a metal frame. In a number of typical panel and block houses, the destruction of walls is unacceptable, which may be prevented by the attachment points of the floors. Strength decreases when the window sill is dismantled. It is recommended that you leave it, which is especially true for panel houses.
Redevelopment Features
The combination of the loggia with the room increases the load on the ceiling, the ability of the structure to undergo it, already without that, is reduced by 1%. Therefore, the glazing parapet is best made of foam concrete blocks or in the form of a skeleton, on the surface of the material there should be a layer of plaster no more than 15 mm. When arranging the screed, its thickness should not exceed 30 mm. When operating the loggia, it is not recommended to install heavy pieces of furniture on it.
Merge Options
Options for combining the loggia with the room involve determining the role of the balcony opening in the new room. This issue applies not only to design, but also to comfort. The opening can be left, while it will be the complement of the living room or kitchen, additional meters are quite suitable for this. For kitchens, this option is preferred, on the shelf of the window opening, you can lay a laminate plate, the surface of which will serve as a transfer table. At a narrow table, it will be convenient to have a meal.
The second method involves the presence of a column, however, this technology is not too different from the above. This situation most often occurs in one-room apartments with a large loggia. The bedroom in this case can turn out to be isolated, this is especially true of the case when the window opening can be closed with a decorative panel, while air exchange is sufficient.
The most difficult technically will be the third method, which involves the complete dismantling of the capital wall. This technology is justified only in a corner studio apartment with a loggia and an additional window in a long wall. At the same time, the loggia can be supplemented with a warm floor system, and a partition with a sliding door can be installed in the balcony opening. In this case, you can get a full bedroom.
Preparatory work
The combination of the loggia with the room involves the dismantling of partitions from old windows. Complete elimination of the facade wall from reinforced concrete panels is prohibited. If you live in a brick house, then you can completely remove the wall under the windowsill, but only after consulting with specialists who advise reinforcing the opening with reinforced concrete structures. If you need a window sill, then you can make an effective countertop from it. You will not face significant cash costs if you install underfloor heating, they will provide heat even in severe frosts. The loggia combined with the room cannot have a central heating battery. You can leave the radiator in the same place, which is a legitimate optimal option.
Glazing Features
When redeveloping a room with a loggia, it is imperative to glaze the balcony, for this only PVC windows are acceptable. If we are talking about a temperate climate, then the internal cavity should be developed. The presence of a two-chamber double-glazed window, as for a cold climate, is mandatory. If your house is built in the northern region, then the frame should be reinforced mechanically and by heat, it should be with a three-chamber double-glazed window. Each window should be located in a separate cell frame.
As a rule, PVC glazing has the principle of a chain seam, it is quite easy to assemble it on one side, however, if the stitch bursts or loosens, the seam will crawl. When planning glazing sections, you should not make them too high and wide. Vertically, the glazing must be divided in a ratio of 1 to 3, while it will be possible to achieve high strength and good visibility. The number of windows to be opened must be minimized, this is especially true for corner elements. The most suitable option is one hinged window in the center. If the surrounding landscape is not very attractive, then the sidewall is even better to sew up with insulation.
Thermal insulation work
Warming the loggia from the inside is one of the most important stages of the association. It is important to remember the need for a vapor barrier layer, it is necessary so that on cold structures the steam from the room does not become condensate. When glazing the loggia, warm profiles are used for this. Before starting work inside the loggia, it is necessary to finish the construction, as well as install metal-plastic frames.
If the neighboring loggias below and above are not glazed, then it is important to carry out all waterproofing work. Penofol or penoplex can be used as a heat-saving material. You can independently carry out warming of the loggia. Step-by-step instructions will help you with this.
- Thermal insulation boards can be strengthened with glue or dowels. However, specialists usually use two methods at the same time. First, foam is applied, the seams are fixed with mounting foam.
- Then penofol is installed, the foil should be turned inside the loggia, since it is necessary to reflect heat. It is important to exclude unjustified overlaps, which then need to be opened with foil tape.
If the integration of the loggia was carried out with a bedroom, then the insulation should be double.
- To the first layer, wooden slats are installed, on which the insulation layer is fixed using the brackets of the construction stapler. If you want to improve the quality of adhesion of insulation with a concrete surface, it is necessary to treat the latter with a primer.
- Finishing materials can be installed on the heat-insulating layer, such as gypsum plasterboards, lining, plastic panels or decorative plaster.
- A thick insulation is laid on the floor, and if you want to lay a system of a warm floor, then a 5-cm screed is poured under it. If you plan to use linoleum or laminate, it is important to take into account the reaction of these materials to an increase in temperature.
Finishing
When the glazing of the loggias is over, you can start decorating. There shouldn't be heavy furniture there. It is possible to level the floor with the help of foam concrete, it is not only light, but also absorbs very little moisture. Among its main characteristics are heat-insulating properties. You can make it yourself by adding polystyrene foam to the cement-sand mortar, while it should be used in a ratio of 2 to 1. If the floor area is small, the consistency of the solution can be made normal.
As for wall cladding, it usually hardens after leveling the surfaces with putty. If the finishing materials will be installed on the crate, then in addition to the wall it must be strengthened with glue, which is applied before installing each next rail. A more time-consuming and inexpensive method of repair is plaster leveling. This applies to the load-bearing wall. On the sides and parapet, you can apply insulation with the help of EPSS, a reinforcing fiberglass mesh is laid on it. You can also insulate the walls with foam, not only profile boards, but also ceramic tiles are installed on such a basis.
Ceiling decoration
Joining the loggia to the room also involves the refinement of the ceiling surface. You can use moisture-resistant cardboard, which is additionally impregnated with a water-polymer emulsion. This approach will save money, but you can’t count on the operation of more than a ten-year period. Extruded polystyrene foam can be used for insulation, the space between the sheets is filled with construction foam. Sometimes the visor is made with a ventilated attic, however, without applying a primer and staining, the metal structure will undergo corrosion processes. Glass magnesite boards are also sometimes used, this option is ideal in all respects, but it is quite expensive. Plywood for a draft ceiling should not be used, since it has a fairly high water absorption.
Conclusion
For exterior decoration, it is important not only the glazing of the loggias, but also the choice of materials. For the roof, it is recommended to use a material that has light shades. For cladding the lower part, dark-colored materials are usually used. In winter, the rays will warm the dark surface, and the slope of the outer part will allow you to catch the radiation reflected from the snow. In summer, the sun is quite high. Its rays will fall on the dark skin at an oblique angle, so excess heat can be minimized.