Since then, when the first spider appeared on planet Earth, about 400 million years have passed. At the moment, there are already more than forty thousand species. Spiders are not insects, this is a separate class and a separate detachment - arachnids.
In the Spiders squad and in the Arachnids class there is a family of poisonous creatures - hermit spiders. They pose a great danger to humans, as their bite is invisible, and the poison is very toxic. The most poisonous of this family is considered to be a brown (or brown) hermit spider. If your place of residence is located where this harmful creature lives, you need to be able to recognize it.
Brown hermit spider
One of this family is brown, or brown spider (hermit), a photo of it is presented below.
These creatures are distinguished by their toxic poison. After an insect bite in this place, complete tissue necrosis occurs. The "lucky ones" who are fortunate enough to have a neighbor like a brown spider (hermit) are residents of the eastern United States.
This poisonous creation of nature cannot be attributed to the friendliest individuals, but, nevertheless, it is distinguished by activity and moderately intrusive character. Perhaps the brown hermit spider would remain to this day unremarkable arthropod, but the strange property of its poison attracted the attention of scientists. Professor Binford explains that these spiders have been using their poison for about 120 million years.
The habitat of the eight-legged "monster"
This type of spider is found on the lands of the midwestern United States, up to the Gulf of Mexico. They have not yet reached California, but representatives of the Looseness clan live in those places. In Hawaii, a red hermit spider is found (see photo below). He is a relative of the eight-legged "monster."
Global warming could cause the migration of this species of arachnids further north. So to get acquainted with its representatives in detail will be just in time. Currently, Georgia, the Mediterranean and the southern part of Russia are considered favorable habitats for the hermit spider.
Spiders love to hide in the roots of trees, in the burrows of animals, in general, where there are shady places. Over time, the hermit spider can increasingly be found in the garage, basement, toilet and attic rooms, as well as in sewer manholes. Hermits began to behave as full neighbors of people, settling in apartments and houses.
The appearance of a small hermit
The brown spider is small in size. When the legs are spread out, the length of his body is 6-20 mm. It is not always possible to notice this deadly hermit spider, because it is very small. Females are larger than males.
The body is predominantly brown in color, sometimes you can find gray and dark yellow individuals. The brown hermit spider is also called a violin. This was facilitated by the fact that the pattern, located on the head and chest, very much resembles this musical instrument.
A distinctive feature of this species is the presence of 6 eyes instead of 8. Small sensitive hairs are visible on the abdominal part and legs. The legs of the hermit spider are rather long and thin. When he is in a calm state, the legs are widely spaced.
Lifestyle
By way of life, brown hermit spiders are nocturnal predators. They are engaged in the extraction of food in the dark. Males go out of their web and go to night raids to explore distant territories. Females do not do this very willingly; usually they prefer to hunt near their home. The remaining time of the night, night little hunters sit in a secluded place.
The food for the brown hermit spider is all that falls into the traps, the role of which is played by the web. The prey is mainly small insects and other spiders. It is not difficult for the hermits to get food; it does not require much labor. Scientists are faced with an unsolved mystery about why then nature endowed this insect with potent poison. The eight-armed “monsters” live quietly, without needing to touch anyone.
Breeding
The female brown hermit spider, having chosen a secluded place far from prying eyes, begins to lay eggs in white cocoon pouches. In each such cocoon, woven by a female from the web in person, there are 40-50 eggs. The size of the pouch is about 7.5 mm in diameter.
Numerous brown hermit spider babies that have been born have many molts before adulthood. They change their outfit 5-8 times. These creatures painfully endure such a procedure, it is unpleasant for them. It is possible that this is why hermits are angry and bite painfully.
The discarded spider outfit is quite hard; it can be stored in the ground for a long time. Experienced specialists use it for identification during the study of insects of this species. Under natural conditions, a brown hermit spider can live 2-4 years.
The bite of a hermit spider is a danger to humans
For humans, the most terrible animals, oddly enough, are poisonous spiders. They can quietly get close to their victim and strike in the back. It is clear that no one wants to be in her place! Among the most dangerous arthropods in the world are hermit spiders. The venom of these animals is of delayed action, its manifestation can be seen only a few hours after the bite. First, a person feels a slight tingling or burning sensation. Further, everything will depend on how much poison has entered the body. In the event that it got a lot, after 5-6 hours the bite site will begin to swell and a blister will appear. The following symptoms appear:
• Failures in the heart.
• Bowel problems (upset).
• Intrusive cough and runny nose.
Often, after a spider bite, tissue necrosis develops . It contributes to the content of many enzymes in the poison. Subcutaneous tissue necrosis delays the healing process for three long years. It is possible that a bite can lead to the death of the victim, which is often observed in young children and the elderly.
Precautionary measures
Although this creature is poisonous and non-aggressive, if you disturb it, you do not have to wait for mercy: it bites - it does! It is better to avoid such a situation in time and protect yourself from deadly poison. To do this, adhere to the following recommendations:
• Thoroughly clean the house, removing cobwebs in time.
• Prevent the formation of cracks in the walls; if they appear, immediately coat or plug.
• Before putting on any items, they must be carefully inspected.
• Before you go to bed, it is also necessary to do an examination of the bed.
• There should be no rubbish and boxes under the bed, but it must be placed not very close to the wall.
If you adhere to the above rules, it is quite possible to avoid the attack of a dangerous creature, which can bring great trouble.
Help with a brown spider bite
When a brown spider bites, you should immediately do everything possible to stop the spread of poison. You can put ice in place of the bite. Be sure to carry out the treatment of the wound with one of the antiseptics and, of course, seek medical help.
Previously, during treatment, the damaged area of the skin was surgically removed. Currently, therapy is carried out using antibiotics. If a person is treated on time, serum is administered.