The reason for the tale, the saying, the epic tune, the prayer introduction, the ending - these are parts that are part of the structure of the folklore composition. They should be distinguished from each other. The complex compositional composition of folk tales is not accidental. Each of the parts available in them plays a role.
What is a saying
Most tales, especially fairy tales, begin with a tale. Thanks to its existence, the listener is gradually immersed in a special world and thereby prepares for the perception of the entire literary work.
Reading or listening to the saying, both a child and an adult create the image of a Bayun cat in their imagination, they see an island in the middle of the ocean, a mighty oak tree with golden chains and a mysterious chest on powerful branches, a city from an unknown kingdom-state is visible in the distance.
The peculiarity that distinguishes the saying: the beginning of a fairy tale, despite its small size (sometimes it is just a few words), is able to immediately immerse the reader in the world of magic and sorcery. And this is very important, because a person is determined not only to enjoy reading, but also to comprehend the deep wisdom of the people, which is contained in the content of the tale. And without a special mood, it can be very difficult to achieve this.
Very often the saying has a humorous character with elements of confusion, gibberish, confusion, puns. Thanks to this technique, it is possible to avoid excessive edification, but at the same time maintain the educational role of the work.
Conception Functions
In order to fully understand what the beginnings of a fairy tale are, it is necessary to understand its purpose. It consists in performing several tasks at once:
- introduce the reader to the main characters of a fabulous work;
- talk about the time of the described action;
- give an idea of the place where the events take place.
Young readers should understand that the beginning of a fairy tale is very important. At the very beginning of the work, you can get a lot of information, which in the future will help to fully understand the image of the heroes, their characters and actions.
The cause of the tale will necessarily indicate that the language of the work to be met is completely different from everyday speech. An example of this can be the following expressions: “in a certain kingdom, in a certain state”, “golden poppies”, “stands a tree”, “a fairy tale affects”, “sea-okian” and many other “fairy-tale” words.
The beginning of fairy tales, their diversity
The reasons for fairy tales and endings are of great diversity; they are distinguished by structure, language, and semantic content. Only about 36% of folklore works have a traditional beginning. It is known to every person brought up on the traditions of Russian folk art. From early childhood, when a fairy tale is told to a child, he hears these words: “Once upon a time ...” In total, at least nine varieties of beginnings are used in the presentation of fairy tales.
Ending
"This is the end of the tale, and whoever listened is well done!" - The traditional ending form of many folk tales. In addition to the above example, at least five more options are known with which the storyteller can finish the story he told. Knowing what the beginnings in a fairy tale are and what it is used for, it is easy to guess for what purpose the ending is used. Fairy-tale actions should be brought to their logical conclusion. This helps to make a correctly completed ending of the work. For example, a storyteller can end a story like this: “Live, live and make good!”, “It often happens!”, “Live, they chew bread!”. Sometimes the narrator may end the story completely unexpectedly, but he must remember that the ending sums up all that has been said.
Other features of the structure of folklore
A fairy tale , the beginning of a fairy tale, its main part, and the ending may contain repetitions. Each new repeat is somewhat different from the previous one, and thanks to this, the reader can assume how the whole narrative will end.
Poetic parts naturally fit into the structure of folk tales, which gives the work a musicality and sets up the reader for a special poetic wave.
The verses used by the storyteller have their own characteristics. Of great interest to readers is the fabulous narratives, completely written in such a verse. Writers call it fantastic.
In the process of presenting the content of a fairy tale, the narrator sometimes has to not only talk, but even sing, as the characters often use just this form of communication with each other. It is enough to recall the fairy tales "Sister Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka", "Cat, Rooster and Fox", "Wolf and seven Little Kids" and others.
Onomatopoeia, lively dialogue between the heroes of fairy tales, epithets, comparisons, hyperbolas make works of folk art bright and inimitable. It is not in vain that Russian fairy tales love everything from young to old: in folklore lies not only wisdom, but also the true beauty of the Russian word.