The popularity of repair varieties of berry crops is growing. Especially interested in domestic gardeners raising raspberries with a prolonged period
fruiting. Among the new repair species, raspberry Shapka Monomakh, which description of the variety is presented in the article, enjoys special attention. Let's try to find out whether it is worth allocating a plot for growing this variety, in which place of the garden is it better to do this in order to achieve the maximum yield or to give preference to other crops?
Raspberry Hat Monomakh: description of the variety
The raspberry bush of this variety is more similar in appearance to a small tree: powerful, highly branched stems reach a meter and a half in height. The formation of overgrowth near the bush is minimal, therefore this variety is usually propagated by growing green cuttings - a method that we will discuss below. Fruits - magnificent large berries of a saturated purple color, reaching from 6-7 g to 15-18 g with especially high-quality care. Repairing raspberry varieties are quite suitable for the Moscow region. In fruitful years, one bush can produce up to 5 kg of berries. The shape of the fruit is obtuse and somewhat elongated, the pulp is dense and easily detachable from the stem. The pleasant sweet taste of raspberries is set off by a rather noticeable sourness. The berry is excellent for fresh food and processing into desserts, fruit drinks, confiture, preserves, etc.
What is the difference between repair varieties?
A feature of all repair varieties of berry crops is that they produce two crops per season. The first time the berries are picked in mid-summer, along with the usual types of raspberries. They ripen on last year's shoots. The second crop begins in mid-August: the berries ripen on young stems. But
Russian gardeners rarely use this scheme: usually repair raspberries are planted with the aim of harvesting as late as possible, resulting in better quality, since by the fall the activity of garden pests is noticeably reduced.
Fruiting time
The raspberry variety Hat Monomakh begins to bear fruit from mid-August and does not stop until the end of October, when frost begins. During this period, the bulk of the berries ripen. Thus, before the end of the season, more than 50-60% of the crop is obtained. Ripening can be accelerated. To do this, use a film in the spring, arranging it over the bushes like a small greenhouse on arcs. This technique allows you to avoid frost, significantly accelerate the ripening of the crop and collect it without loss.
Breeding
The insignificant overgrowth formation characteristic of the repair cultures also belongs to such a species as Raspberry Hat Monomakh. The description of the variety provides for difficult propagation by traditional methods. Therefore, the most successful way is growing green cuttings in
special heated greenhouses. New shoots grow from the main bush every year. In the spring they are carefully separated, cutting below the ground level, if possible without damaging the root, and rooted in a container or greenhouse. A new “head” forms on the cut shoot below and activates seedling growth. In May or June, cuttings are ready to root in a permanent place.
Choose a place for raspberries
Choosing a site for planting is an important point in growing crops. Raspberries love fertile, well-lit and well-drained, necessarily neutral soils in the southern sunny areas of the garden. Strongly does not accept swampy acidic soils or heavy soils with a close occurrence of groundwater, this demanding crop is raspberry Shapka Monomakh. Planting should be carried out taking into account the fact that the root system of the plant is superficial and demanding on the quality of the soil. It must be breathable, loose, moist.
Checking the soil reaction
To check the acidity of the soil, they resort to the old proven method: in a small amount of water, several leaves of blackcurrant are brewed and a piece of soil is lowered into the decoction from the place planned for planting.
The resulting shade of the solution will answer the question about the degree of acidity of the soil. Reddish color is a reaction to acidic soil, greenish is slightly acidic. Neutral soils give bluish tones.
When planting a raspberry variety Monomakh’s hat, the acidity of the soil should be neutralized. With high acidity, 400 g of lime flour is added to each m 2 , with an average of 200 g. Wood ash is good for these purposes, not only reducing acidity, but also enriching the soil with calcium, phosphorus, potassium and other trace elements. Dolomite flour acts effectively , especially on magnesium-poor soils. When using slaked lime to reduce the acidity of soils , you need to remember that it is a fast-acting, but aggressive fertilizer that delivers magnesium and calcium to the soil. Therefore, it should be made in advance.
Planting raspberries
After choosing a site and preparing the soil, proceed to planting cuttings. Raspberry Hat Monomakh, the photo of which is presented, a big lover of organic fertilizers. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce humus or a solution of well-overgrown manure (only not fresh) into the planting pits. You can plant raspberries in trenches. They are dug up with a depth of 35 cm, fertilized with humus and, carefully placing seedlings, sprinkled with soil, and compacted. It is important to remember that cuttings cannot be deeply buried. When planting raspberries, root formation stimulants are used , for example, Kornevin or Heteroauxin. Their use significantly improves
formation of the root system. The interval between planted cuttings should be 0.7-0.8 m, thickened plantings are not only undesirable, but also, shading each other, significantly reduce the yield of the bush. A special place in the procedure is given to watering. Many gardeners spill the soil before and after planting. Generous hydration also contributes to better rooting of the seedling.
Raspberry Monomakh Hat: Care
Periodic plentiful watering is the most important condition for a good development of culture. Weeding and loosening of soil are equally important. After planting, the seedlings are mulched with humus or plant debris. Constant access of light and uniform illumination are achieved using trellises. This can be done as follows: at the edges of the beds with bushes planted high, half a meter long, stakes, between which a wire is drawn, to which raspberry stems are fixed. In addition, you must:
• monitor the formation of excess growth. It is removed, leaving no more than four to five plants per m2 to avoid thickening;
• thin out root processes;
• cut off all shoots for the winter, leaving hemp 2-3 cm, if it is decided to collect only the second crop;
• after pruning, sprinkle with ash and humus;
• bend and insulate for the winter if the Monomakh Hat bears fruit twice a season.
Top dressing
The ability of the repairing varieties to long vegetation requires an impressive nutrition, so the preparation of the soil for the repairing varieties should be very thorough. The annual introduction of organics and complex mineral fertilizers is a necessary condition for the good development and growth of this raspberry variety. Photo and description Monomakh hats confirm the decorative and taste qualities of the berry. If enough fertilizer was introduced during planting, then the first years do not need to feed raspberries. Subsequently, annually in the spring, nitrogen fertilizers are applied, activating the growth and set of leaf mass, during fruiting - phosphoric and potassium (ash, superphosphate). By winter, the main top dressing is organics, in particular, humus.
Zoned raspberry varieties are excellent for the Moscow Region: wintering in the plots and gardens of the Moscow Region is well tolerated even without pruning the plants, provided that two crops are harvested, regardless of whether they are bent to the ground or not.
Pruning
Raspberry Hat Monomakh, a description of the variety of which is given in the article, requires competent pruning. It allows not only to increase the size of berries, but also protects the plant from diseases and pests. It is held in late autumn with the onset of cold weather. When choosing a single autumn berry picking by winter, the stems are cut almost to the root, thereby depriving pests of the opportunity to winter inside the bush. This explains the absence of sick and deformed fruits of the autumn harvest, significantly superior in quality to the summer harvest of raspberries.
If a gardener decided to pick berries twice, then sanitary pruning, which is carried out annually in autumn and early spring, comes to the fore. Necessarily cut weak, sick, broken and biennial dead stems. Thinning bushes is regulated and the number of stems in the bush. Usually it does not exceed 5 - 7 shoots.
Magic berry
In Russia, raspberries have always been considered a female berry. According to popular beliefs and observations of physicians, excellent tonic qualities and an excellent composition of fruits help women to preserve youthfulness and elasticity of the skin for a long time. The use of raspberries in combination with the main treatment of diseases such as joint problems, radiculitis, hypertension, atherosclerosis, gastric, renal diseases, neuralgia and diabetes mellitus significantly alleviate the painful conditions. This applies equally to ordinary raspberries, as well as to repairing varieties, such as Raspberry Hat Monomakh, the care of which is simple, and the pleasure of contemplating a decorative bush and feeling excellent taste is enormous.