Many residents of the middle strip mistakenly assume that the cultivation of cherries is completely impossible in the country, because this is a southern tree, and very moody. This is true, but there are several winter-hardy varieties that produce excellent fruit in any region. And leaving, if you look, is not so complicated. The main thing is to choose the right stalk, plant it according to all the rules and do not forget to take care of it. For central Russia, it is ideal for growing Tyutchevka cherries. You can find a description of the variety, reviews about it in our article. Let's start with the history of breeding.
When and by whom was the variety created?
Cherry Tyutchevka was in 2001 entered into the State Register for the Central District. Kanshina M.V., who crossed varieties of Red dense sweet cherry and 3-36, managed to develop the variety. This variety has become popular among middle-class residents, as it is quite frost-resistant.
Cherry Tyutchevka: tree description
For planting the cuttings, a sunny place in the open space is selected. The height of the cherry is Tyutchevka average, but for good development and fruiting it is necessary to create all conditions. The crown is spherical, sprawling and, one might say, rare. Therefore, do not worry if it seems to you that there are few branches and foliage on your tree, that is how it should be.
The buds are vegetative, cone-shaped, medium in size. The foliage has an elongated narrow shape, very large. The top of the sheet is very pointed, and the edges are decorated with even teeth. Petiole is short, but thick, highly pigmented, and it is almost invisible from under a large leaf. There is no fluff on the leaves, they are smooth and folded by a boat.
The tree blossoms with inflorescences, each with four future berries. Corollas are saucer-shaped, the petals are in contact. Anthers are on the same level as the stigma, pistils are quite long, and stamens do not lag behind.
Fruiting occurs in the fifth year of the tree's life. In order to have a good harvest of Tyutchevka cherries, pollinators are simply necessary. For this role, the varieties Raditsa, Revna, Ovstuzhenka and Iput will perfectly fit. Trees need to be planted nearby so that pollen from them freely gets to the flowers of Tyutchevka.
Fruit
Cherry Tyutchevka is famous for its fruits. They are beautiful, smooth, bright red. The minimum weight of one berry is 5 grams, the maximum is 7.3. The shape of the cherry is wide-round, there is a medium-sized funnel.
The skin is thin, but enough to protect the juicy flesh from damage. Of course, if the summer turned out to be too rainy, then due to high humidity it can crack, and the wounds heal quickly, brownish scratches form. Juice of red pulp, as well as berries. Inside there is a rounded bone, which does not separate too well even from the most mature pulp.
Taste qualities
The berries are endowed with incredible taste. Tasters rated this quality 4.9 points out of five possible. The pulp is dense, very juicy. The taste is sweet and very pleasant, it does not have a hint of sourness and cherry astringency. Taste may vary depending on weather conditions. If the summer is hot and sunny, then the fruits accumulate a lot of sugar. If in the season there is a lot of rains and not enough sunny, fine days, then the taste will not be so bright. It will not become sour, like a rainy morning, but there will be less sweets. The flesh will become more watery and the taste will be the same.
The Tyutchevka sweet cherry is endowed with high transportable qualities. Reviews gardeners confirm the description of the variety. They write that the berries do not cake, do not crumple, do not lose shape and, accordingly, presentation.
Winter hardiness
Cherry Tyutchevka is not at all afraid of frosts. She can survive even the harsh Ural winters, so gardeners of mid-latitudes like it! Young trees should be sheltered for the winter, while adults do not need shelter, except in a blanket from the snow cover. You can help the cherries with great comfort to winter and steadily toss it snow on the branches.
If in winter the temperature did not fall below -27, then even those branches that were not covered by snow will survive. Only fruiting buds can freeze out. At a temperature of -30 and even -35, the tree will survive; only branches that were not covered by a snow sheet will frostbite. But even in this case, with the advent of spring, the cherries will recover very quickly. Cut the damaged branches with a sharp secateurs so that they do not cover the rest from the sun.
Choose the seedling correctly
For planting at your summer cottage, you need to choose the right seedlings. If you are planting Tyutchevka, then immediately select varieties for pollination so that they simultaneously begin to bloom and bear fruit. What species to plant for pollination, you can find above the contents of the article, in the subtitle "Description of the tree." So what do you have to face? Firstly, with an unscrupulous seller who, taking advantage of the client’s ignorance, will simply slip cherry instead of sweet cherry. But you will know about this only during the fruiting period, which will take place in five years. Secondly, you can choose a weak stalk, which is also not very good. To begin, learn to distinguish cherries from cherries:
- Cherry trees are distinguished by the fact that they are taller than cherry, upright branches are strong.
- Pay attention to the bark: the cherry is gray-brown, and the cherry is brown, with a noticeable reddish tint.
Based on these signs, you will definitely get the desired tree.
Further, it is already necessary not to make a mistake in choosing a healthy and thoroughbred seedling. Its age should not exceed three years, two-year-old seedlings of Tyutchevka cherries will become optimal for planting. The size here also matters, the stalk should be strong, not less than eighty centimeters in length. It should have three or four healthy shoots. Look for a vaccination mark on the bark, its presence indicates that the tree is really thoroughbred.
Seedling bark should be absolutely smooth. A healthy tree should not show signs of freezing and signs of disease.
Have a good look at the root system of the purchased planting material. It must be strong, have at least three branches, the length of which exceeds 20 centimeters. If traces of rot, freezing out or they are completely dried out, advise the seller to get rid of this copy, even the most experienced agronomist will not be able to save it. If the roots are too dry, but a brown core is visible on the cut, then you can get it, the tree needs resuscitation. It just needs to be put into the water for a day. Thus, you will also turn out to be a lifesaver, and you will be proud of yourself, collecting a good harvest from the rescued!
Choosing a place to land
If you choose the wrong place for the growth of cherries, you will be left not only without a crop, but also without the tree itself. The seedling just does not take root and die. So, we start bypassing your territory.
Cherries Tyutchevka prefers to settle on the south or south-west side, in a place where northern winds do not penetrate. You can plant it on a nice gentle slope or on the south side of the walls of the house, there is always a lot of sun, the wall will protect from the winds.
Sweet cherry of any kind does not tolerate even short-term stagnation of moisture, so it is planted on the slopes. Make sure that the groundwater flows in depth. Soaking the root system will initially lead to inhibition of the development of culture, and then to its death. Agree, it will be very disappointing if a tree, well grown, one day simply dies.
Preparing the ground
When you have chosen the perfect place for the growth and development of your beautiful cherry, start preparing a comfortable soil. Of course, this is not an easy task, but after doing this work once, you will then observe the active growth of the tree.
Ideal for the development and growth of sweet cherry loam, soil with a neutral acid content. The soil must be air and water permeable. Clay soil, peat bog and deep sandstones are not suitable for growing sweet cherries.
Prepare the landing site should be in the fall. The site is dug up, and the land is enriched with compost and manure, minerals (sodium sulfate and superphosphate). If the soil is acidified, and this can be determined by the plantain that grows well on it, then you need to neutralize it. To do this, take a pound of chalk or lime per square meter of land, sprinkle the soil with these components and dig.
We plant the stalk
If you live in the southern region, then plant the crop in the fall, until mid-October. Are you a resident of the middle strip? Postpone landing until spring. Cherries Tyutchevka will take root well if it is in the ground at the end of April, while its buds are not yet swollen.
Keep a distance of three meters between landing pits. The pit itself should have dimensions such as: 0.6 meters deep, 0.8-1 meters wide. A landing site is prepared two weeks before landing, so that the soil has time to settle. If you added lime and dung to the ground that did not have time to become neutral, dip the roots of the cuttings in a clay or mud mash so that they would not get burns from fertilizers. Distribute the roots in the pit evenly, do not bury the root neck. Water abundantly, and the circle formed after watering must be mulched.
Cherries varieties Tyutchevka: reviews
Many owners of summer cottages in the middle lane liked the variety. They write that, following the rules of landing, further care is simple. It is necessary to water in a drought, to feed and process it from pests, observing the deadlines. Everyone liked the taste of Tyutchevka and fruiting. Negative reviews are not available, gardeners are advised to purchase the described sweet cherry.