A fairy tale is the only form of cognition of the world that is initially available to a child. Pinocchio author Alexei Tolstoy contributed to Russian children's literature. In addition to writing books for the little ones, he processed many folklore traditions and magical stories, adapting them for children's reading.
The author of Pinocchio himself admitted that, while processing folklore, he selected the most interesting stories containing truly Russian folk linguistic turns and amazing plot details that parents could read to children in the process of mastering their native language and national culture.
The Italian Lorenzini, author of Pinocchio, published his instructive tale of a wooden puppet in 1883 under the pseudonym Carlo Collodi. Tolstoy read the translation of this tale in a Berlin magazine in 1923, shortly before returning from exile, and decided to retell it for Russian children. At first the idea was only in literary processing, but it turned out very dry and edifying. Therefore, with the support of Marshak, the author of Pinocchio continued to write it in his own way. In 1936, the fairy tale was published first in a children's newspaper, and then in a separate edition.
Collody turned out to be a terribly naughty puppet, which the organ-grinder made of a magic piece of wood made for his trouble. It was called Pinocchio, translated "pine nut". Oh, and asked this tough nut to heat his dad Jepetto! He did not want to work or study, he lied all the time, wandered, stole and was not treated. Although a magic cricket predicted him a prison or hospital for this. When a fairy tale was written, European pedagogical theory prescribed severely punishing a child for transgressions. Therefore, the hero is put on a chain, hanged, burned and even imprisoned.
But Pinocchio’s soul was kind: he loved Papa Jepetto and the fairy with azure hair, was generous and could repent. Along with didactic rigors, the Italian fairy tale has many original fantastic images. For example, the plot of the plot, connected with a wonderful log, the Magic field in the vicinity of the city of Durakolovka, where a wooden slopper buried his five gold coins, the transformation of child loafers into donkeys, and, finally, the notorious wooden nose growing from lies.
The Russian author of the fairy tale Pinocchio does not punish idleness, a cricket, instead of a prison and a hospital, predicts dangers and adventures. But can a boy be frightened by such a future? In the closet Carlo (the mocker Tolstoy gave the organ-grinder the name of the author of the original fairy tale) the magic door is hidden, and the main character learns the secret of the golden key from her.
The denouement of fairy tales is also different. Pinocchio, having gone through adventures and punishments, repents and corrects himself, for which he receives a reward - the fulfillment of a dream. He becomes a living boy, not a doll. Tolstoy, as a Soviet author, Pinocchio makes the leader of the oppressed dolls. He takes them away from Karabas Barabas, a ruthless exploiter, into a new magical theater, an image of a brighter future that opens behind a hidden door.
Pinocchio author does not endow a dream. He is a rebel and leader, a jovial and a fidget. He receives a magic golden key by chance, like all the heroes of Russian fairy tales - Ivanushki and Emely. But according to the prescription of Soviet ideology, he uses it for the common, and not personal good.
Modern parents read different books to their growing children, watch cartoons with them. Little Russians know a fairy tale about both the golden key and Pinocchio, but for some reason Pinocchio loves and considers their hero.