Krylov’s years of life and biography in some articles have gaps when it is not known what the playwright, journalist, and fabulist did. During his lifetime, he refused to edit his biography in a very sharp form: “I read it; neither correct, nor straighten neither time, nor hunting. ” Is it because with all his publicity both the fabulist himself and the years of Krylov’s life are partly mysterious.
Early childhood
In the family of a modest lieutenant Krylov in early February 1769 in Moscow, a son Ivan was born. During the Pugachevsky riot, the four-year-old Vanyusha lived with his mother in the besieged Orenburg, while his father defended Yaitsky town and worried about his family. Pugachev promised to destroy not only the captain, but also his family. In these years of life of Krylov, who was still a baby, there was a fire of fires and alarming bells. When the peasant war began to decline, the brave Maria Alekseevna went with her son to Yaik, to her beloved husband. The years of Krylov’s life in the Yaitskaya fortress took place in skating in winter, watching adult Cossacks doing underwater fishing for sturgeons and sterlet. In the evenings, the father, who had a chest with books, read entertaining novels and instructive stories to his family.
In Tver
In 1775, Ivan Krylov’s father retired and left with his family to his mother. Having no money, Krylov himself taught his son to read and write, and he read a lot and willingly. The boy walked around the city a lot, watching the life of the townspeople and being at a debate at the seminary. There he first got acquainted with the performances that the seminarians arranged on the stage. In these scenes, bribery, red tape, and crocheting were ridiculed. Here, for the first time, Ivan first saw firsthand what satire is. On the streets, he independently learned to speak a little Italian (there were many foreigners in Tver) and play the violin. And in the house of the landowner Lvov he was allowed to study with teachers. And he began to study arithmetic, geometry and French. So the years of Krylov’s life fled. And my father was very sick, there was almost no money. In addition, another son was born - Levushka. Krylov-father did not rise and soon died, leaving the family almost in poverty.
St. Petersburg
Mother with two sons had to go to the capital to work on retirement. In 1783, the teenager began to serve in the public sector. And at the age of 16, his literary talent first appeared: he wrote the libretto of the opera Coffee House. A year later, the drama “Cleopatra” appeared, and later - the tragedy of “Filomela”. At the same time, Ivan Krylov wrote the comic opera The Mad Family and the comedy The Writer in the Hallway, whose years of life can be described as prolific. But the young man is looking for himself. The 90 years of Krylov’s life and personal life are marked by a sad event - his mother dies, and the younger brother Levushka remains in the care of Ivan Andreevich. They are fond of each other.
Satirical magazine
His publication was preceded by the comedy "Pranksters" in which the country's leading playwright Y. B. Knyazhnin recognized himself and his family. This caricature, not distinguished by complacency, greatly angered Yakov Borisovich and the theater directorate. However, Krylov does not lose heart, and begins to publish the magazine "Mail of Spirits." Here, talent gradually manifests itself, marked by the sharp eye of the satirist. But the magazine has to be closed - there are too few subscribers.
Unlucky Groom
In 1791, after the reprisal against Radishchev, Krylova oppressed Petersburg, and when one of his friends suggested that he go to the Oryol province, he gladly agreed. There, being in various estates, a young 22-year-old metropolitan poet met a young girl, Anna Alekseevna Konstantinova. He was seriously carried away, simply fell in love and made an offer, but was refused, because he was too low born and poor.
Publisher and Journalist
Then he returned home and plunged headlong into the publishing business, which he opened on shares with Klushin and Plavilshchikov. Krylov’s articles, which became more demanding of his style, sparkled with wit in the Spectator magazine. He wrote the oriental tale "Kaib", which is permeated with satire. Under the eastern robes of the viziers, nobles and dignitaries of Russia are guessed. The St. Petersburg fairy tale "Night" also greatly affected the court aristocrats, serfs and scribes. The “Spectator” laughed at the craze for Western novels, sentimentalism. The magazine was strictly monitored, and Krylov for the time being moved away from literature and journalism.
Voluntary Link
By inactivity and upcoming lack of money, the young and previously cheerful writer became weighed down. But one day a deck of cards fell into his hands. From the gambling table, he got up with pockets full of weight. Gambling fascinated him, but at the gambling table he watched a different, unfamiliar life. There was a change of places: Yaroslavl, Tver, Tambov, Tula. Nizhny Novgorod ... Being in age, Krylov recalled that he was carried away not by winnings, but by strong feelings. And memory accumulated plots, images, epithets, comparisons. So went the years of life of Krylov Ivan Andreevich. He thought about himself and those who surrounded him - people who killed time and energy for nothing and nonsense.
Return to Petersburg
It took place after the death of Catherine II, who hated Krylov, who in the last years of her reign strangled all living thought. By chance, on the street, Krylov ran into Paul I, who mistook him for someone else and invited him in without hesitation. Krylov took advantage of the invitation, and the Empress accepted him. Witty and lively, moderately respectful, he liked Maria Fedorovna. But from the suffocating capital, Krylov again left for the province. Occasionally he published his articles and translations from Italian, French and German, which he had seriously studied by that time.
Fabulist
By 1805, many changes took place in Krylov’s life. He was a teacher of the children of Prince Golitsyn, he served, wrote comedies and in Moscow showed II Dmitriev translations of Lafontaine's fables. Finally, the 36-year-old writer found himself. And yet he continues to write plays. They were successful, and he became a famous playwright, but he did not leave fables. So the years of the life of Krylov the fabulist passed. He is caressed by power and not financially offended. The government pays him high pensions, constantly raising them. For literary merits, he was already approved by the academician under Nicholas I. If at the beginning of his work he relied on the plots of Lafontaine, Aesop, now the author begins to find urgent sharp Russian plots, such as “Swan, cancer and pike,” for example. And gradually he becomes a folk writer whom everyone is quoting. His popularity is great. Young Belinsky put him in the same row as Pushkin, Griboedov and Lermontov.
The biography and years of life of Krylov Ivan Andreevich are enclosed in a rather long period of time - 75 years. We value this man for his mind, in which cunning and ridicule are mixed, for his lively and clear Russian syllable. He was able to subtly, sharply and evil ridicule the flaws of Krylov. The years of life and death (1769 - 1844) are the times of stagnation in society, then enthusiasm, then again pressure from the government on a thinking person.
Biography for children
Ivan Andreevich Krylov has come a long way. He was born into a poor family. His father served thirty years to receive the nobility and pass it on to his children. Ivan Andreevich did not see either tutors or schools. He received his first knowledge from his father, and then the years of life of Krylov Ivan Andreevich - an example of constant self-education for children. He read a lot and became one of the most versatile personalities of his time. He independently learned Italian as a child, and German as an adult. He also knew French, since it was the accepted spoken language of the society of that time. Krylov wrote better and better every year, increasing his exactingness. Ivan Andreevich lived during the reign of three emperors, who treated him with distrust and respect.
His merits to Russian literature are unusually high - it is not without reason that every educated Russian person knows the lines from his fables. For the last thirty years of his life, he served in the Public Library while doing literary work. His funeral in 1844 was solemn. The second person in the state - Count Orlov - carried his coffin. Buried I. A. Krylov in St. Petersburg.