Do-it-yourself site drainage on clay soils can be done. This is necessary for the reason that in territories where clay soil predominates, water often lingers, not being able to get into the soil. In view of this circumstance, cultivated plants begin to feel bad, this leads to the fact that they do not develop properly. In order to solve this problem, it is certainly worth equipping the site with drainage. You can correctly carry out such work if you familiarize yourself with the recommendations below.
Features of the territory with a predominance of clay soil
Do-it-yourself site drainage on clay soils, as a rule, is necessary because such areas are characterized by excessive stagnation of water. In this case, the roots of plants are constantly exposed to moisture, and air does not enter there in the required volume. This sooner or later becomes the cause of oxygen starvation, while cultivated plants can no longer develop normally and, in the end, die. In particular, this phenomenon applies to lawns, which suffer not only from excess moisture, but also because of a sufficiently dense turf, because it is not loosened even from time to time and is not exposed to plowing. This leads to the fact that the dense layer located on top prevents the saturation of plants with air.
Do-it-yourself site drainage on clay soils must be equipped before you plant a lawn or all kinds of crops. After that, it will be possible to use the site immediately after the winter season comes to an end, which is accompanied by the disappearance of snow cover.
What are the parameters of the site must be considered when designing
Before the drainage system is equipped, as a rule, a calculation is made and a draft of the future system is drawn up. However, if you have to work with a territory whose area is not too large, then when designing, it is not necessary to make a calculation. At the same time, the main condition is the need to take into account the main parameters of the system for draining water from the territory. Among them, it is necessary to highlight all the data related to drainage, namely: the slope, the depth of the location, the location according to the plan, the step between the rows, the installation of manholes, as well as the wellhead. The territory of a suburban area is not even in all cases, for this reason if there is even a slight slope of the soil surface, then it should certainly be used.
Application of the features of the terrain
Do-it-yourself site drainage on clay soils must be equipped taking into account the slope of the soil surface. If we compare the inclined and flat sections, it should be noted that it will be somewhat easier to work with the first. Moreover, in this case, when arranging the drainage system, labor costs will be many times reduced. At the same time, it is necessary to carry out work in such a way that indoor and outdoor drains are successfully combined.
In the latter case, in the process of work, ditches are used that have an open top. Such a system is also called surface. It will be most effective for the outflow of excess water in the warm season, it is at this time that a large amount of rainfall occurs, which causes a rise in groundwater level. This type of drainage can not do in the winter. In a number of latitudes, during the winter period, thaws are quite frequent, which are accompanied by frozen soil, which is not able to absorb water, and there is a need to drain fluid from the soil surface. In the cases described, it is absolutely necessary to equip the drainage of the site with your own hands, how to do this - you should certainly be interested.
Description of open and closed types of drainage
If you decide to mount an open type system, then you need to use a special tile, it has a slight slope, which will effectively remove excess moisture. Through a similar system, liquid from the roofs of houses and paved areas will flow into a closed drainage system, which acts as a lead. Indoor drainage will work as follows: the fluid that comes from the soil surface will come through underground utilities that are shaped and resemble pipes in appearance. Before starting work, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of clay soil, which has significant weight and high density. This indicates the need for its loosening before starting work. During the installation of drains, you will need to bypass areas that are intended for vehicles.
Installation of a closed drainage system
If you decide to arrange the drainage of the site with your own hands, you should definitely know how to do it. Before starting work, it is imperative to determine what type of water intake will be used in this system. In its role, for example, a natural reservoir can act, quite often an alternative solution is used, which involves the withdrawal of water into an artificially equipped ditch. It must be located near the road. But it may happen that there are none, while the problem can be solved in several ways, each of which can be implemented independently. There are several options for arranging the outflow of fluid. You can equip a pond on your own, making it in the form of a pond. At the same time, one should not be afraid that he will eventually resemble a wetland of small size. In addition, you yourself can dig a ditch. It must be made deep, and placed outside the boundaries of your own site. If you decide to use the latter option, then it must first be agreed with the neighbors.
Alternative drain
If you intend to do the drainage of the site with your own hands, you should definitely know how to make the system, otherwise it will not cope with its functions, the plants on the territory will die, and the work will have to be performed anew. The third option for organizing water flow involves digging oversized wells. Their walls must be made vertical, and after filling the water should be pumped out using a pump. Such manipulations will have to be done from time to time. For units, the pumpdown mode can be automatically made.
Earthworks
Before you do the drainage of the garden site with your own hands, you first have to dig trenches. It is necessary to arrange them along the perimeter of a suburban area. In this case, the trenches will have to be given such depth and width that they should in no way be greater than the indicators equal to 1.2 and 0.4 m. After the ditches have been prepared, it is necessary to lay pipes in them that are intended to collect water. These ditches, by the way, have the name of the main ditches. Pre-laid pipes must reach the water intake. In order to fill the main channels, it is preferable to use pipes with a diameter of 110 mm for this. The depth of the main pipelines, if we compare them with the collecting branches of the system, should be somewhat larger. Must be done according to the rules of work, when the site is equipped with drainage by hand, tips and guidance must be read before starting work. This is the only way to achieve the desired result.
Pipe laying
In the work, it is imperative to follow the rules that are prescribed in the regulatory and technical literature. They regulate the need to remove drainage pipelines from the fence. So, the step between the pipeline and the fence should be equal to 0.5 m or more. It should be noted that the pipeline should also be removed from the blind area of the main building, departing from it during installation of 1 m. The liquid will initially begin to collect in drainage trenches, only then it will enter the main channels. A whole network of trenches must be created on the territory, the depth and width of which, respectively, should be equal to 1.2 and 0.35 m.
Must necessarily have a certain bias drainage site, the scheme and the device with his own hands, the master can easily produce. Thus, the trench network should be equipped with the creation of a slope, which is 5 cm per meter. The channels should not be long. If you apply this rule, the drainage system will work properly. A less impressive bias is not recommended, this is due to the fact that the fluid flow rate will not be as intense as necessary, this will ultimately cause stagnation in a certain area. If you have to work on the territory of the clay section, then the drains should be located at a distance of 10 m from each other.
Checking the system for performance
The installation of a drainage system on clay soil after the trenches are dug and the pipes are laid in them does not imply the immediate closure of the elements. First, it is necessary to check the drainage for efficiency and effectiveness.
At the same time, the trench network must remain open for some time. For testing, the most successful option is heavy rainfall. If such an opportunity does not appear for a long time, then in the trench it is simply necessary to let water from the irrigation sludge. In this case, you should observe how soon the flow of water will pass through the system. The correct functioning is indicated by the absence of stagnation in all areas, this is the only way to check the drainage of the site with your own hands, the technology and rules should be known to the master, only then everything will work without stagnation. If necessary, then at this stage, it is necessary to adjust certain parameters that will increase the flow rate.
Solving system functionality problems
If when checking the system it was found that it does not work efficiently enough, then pipes of a more impressive diameter can be supplied, in addition, the slope can be increased. In some cases, wizards make a system that is equipped with a denser network. You can close the system if the drainage of the site is working correctly, especially how to drain the soil - all this is important to know before the start of work.
The final stage
Close the system can geotextile, which is able to pass water. Instead, it is permissible to use volumetric filters that show themselves well when draining clay soils. The most practical for drainage work are plastic pipes with a diameter of 63 mm, the surface of which should be corrugated. Pipe connection must be done using tees.
Drainage price
If you decide to drain the site yourself on clay soils, the price of a professional installation should certainly interest you. This may help you decide whether to carry out the work yourself or entrust the business to professionals. So, if you decide to turn to specialists, then the cost of a running meter of surface drainage will cost 1300 rubles. Whereas the same amount of work, but over deep drainage, will cost 2,400 rubles.