First of all, it is necessary to understand that the magnitude of the current exceeding the safe threshold for human life is high, and such systems include energy systems from one or more thousand volts. High voltage installations and equipment typically have low amperage, but this does not apply to power lines and power plants. Depending on the technical conditions, the current can range from a few milliamps to hundreds of amperes.
In everyday life and industry, various devices are widely used that convert alternating high voltage to constant, increasing or decreasing the current supply to the network.
The most commonly used converter is a high voltage to lower values, due to the need to reduce energy costs and risks to life. The operation system of the converter is quite simple. Electricity coming from the industrial supply network and having a high voltage passes through the rectifier unit, which converts it from AC to DC. Subsequently, through the transformer windings, a decrease occurs to the values required in the operation of certain constituent elements of an electrical device. In this case, the same transformer allows you to get several values of electric current.
A high voltage transformer is a device that does not have any moving elements. Their use is due to the need to convert the magnitude of the alternating current from one to another, without changing the frequency characteristics. There are three main types of transformers used for this purpose: step-up and step-down voltage, transmitting electricity of constant current strength.
For the transmission of energy over a long distance, the best option is a relatively small current strength and high voltage, and the energy consumption of various devices requires a gradual reduction to the required level.
The main elements of transformers are the magnetic circuit, cooling circuit and winding.
United sets of plates are made of ferromagnetic materials and are magnetic circuits. Their main purpose is to localize the main magnetic field. With a small transformer power, its efficiency is up to 96%, and with increased power it increases to 99%.
The cooling system of high voltage transformers requires the use of cooling systems to avoid overheating and destruction of the elements of the transformation and transmission of energy. The oil cooling system is mainly used, which effectively removes heat.
The power consumption of household or industrial electrical appliances varies widely, for which transformers convert it through a secondary winding.
Electricity covers almost all spheres of human life, and it is not necessary to allow violations of safety measures when handling electrical appliances, especially those using high voltage. This can have a very negative effect on health, and electric shock with high power often leads to death.