Age features of children 3-4 years suggest a transition to a new level of relationship between an adult and a child. The kid enjoys an unusual gaming cognitive experience. He needs more emotional communication with an adult, during which he can gain experience in interpersonal relationships. Activity, independence contribute to the rapid physical, mental growth of the child. It is important to show the baby that his achievements have been noticed, his successes are welcome.
Age features of children 3-4 years: in kindergarten
Younger preschoolers are active and tireless. This age is characterized by the rapid formation of the emotional sphere of the child. Children are prone to mood swings. Their emotional instability is directly proportional to physical comfort.
Speech activity of babies is growing. They quickly memorize new words, simple quatrains. In everyday life, there are substitute items that the child enjoys in games with pleasure.
Age features of children 3-4 years consist in the fact that it is difficult for them to keep their attention on one subject (maximum 10-15 minutes). Therefore, a constant change of activity will contribute to a better concentration of attention. Memory is more emphasized on recognition, but not on memorization.
The age crisis indicates the development of the child, the formation of his physiology and psyche. Therefore, relationships with peers and adults are unstable.
Development features
Only in communication can kids receive the necessary information about the world and people. Curiosity of this age helps the development of elementary judgments, statements.
Visual-figurative thinking contributes to the idea of the world. Toddlers divide objects in shape, size, color, texture. They are able to combine them into one group according to a common feature (for example, dishes, clothes, furniture).
Substantive collaboration helps introduce children to basic hygiene and labor skills. These are the age characteristics of children 3-4 years old. The transition period is the emergence of independence. A child protests against custody of himself. Awareness of one's self, cooperation with an adult will help the baby cope with new opportunities and desires.
Development challenges
Age features of children 3-4 years old allow you to gradually move to more adult forms of learning. This is the moment when, during the game, you should bring the children to independent active actions.
The main tasks of the development of babies:
- mastering personal hygiene skills;
- education of emotional stability, polite attitude towards others;
- development of curiosity to objects, actions, situations, phenomena;
- training in various ways of action with the help of substantive activity;
- developing empathy.
Pedagogical tactics
The pedagogical tactics of an adult (educator, parent) is to help the child. It is necessary for the development of hygiene, labor skills. Young children are happy to repeat the actions of an adult - they wash dishes, wipe dust, brush their teeth, and wash their hands.
Be sure to encourage the adult during the independent play of the child - this can be an individual, pair or collective game activity. Therefore, favorable conditions for creativity should be created (toys, designers, coloring books, plasticine).
An adult must help in acquiring a gaming experience as a child. Show the elements of a new game, expand your horizons with little-known objects.
GEF knowledge and skills
The educational standard implies the acquisition by children at the end of the school year of certain skills, knowledge, skills. In this case, the balance between educational and gaming activities should be taken into account.
Age features of children 3-4 years old (according to GEF) imply the development of motivation for learning, creativity. It is important to understand that it is necessary to encourage interest, attention of the child to the surrounding reality. Then he will have a desire to continue to independently study the phenomena or situations. The curiosity of the child contributes to the development of cooperation skills, mutual understanding.
Self-awareness as an independent person helps to establish a new, deep relationship with parents, peers, and adults. Appears own position, which helps to realize, analyze their behavior and the behavior of others.
Age features of children 3-4 years old (according to GEF) consist in the fact that there is a gender awareness of their role (girl, boy). In accordance with this, the game orientation of the child may change. Girls are more interested in dishes, dolls. Boys - designers, weapons, cars.
The formation of personal qualities
Social and personal development is included in the age characteristics of children 3-4 years old. According to the program “From birth to school”, the formation of personal qualities of a child occurs through play, cognitive, physical activity. Adults help children not only realize their feelings, thoughts, but also clearly convey them to others.
It is important to help the child understand the feelings, emotions. Give them a name and description. This knowledge will serve as a basis, a standard for further independent study of the emotional sphere by the child himself.
Mandatory is the knowledge and implementation of elementary norms of behavior. Age features of children 3-4 years under the program "From birth to school" imply an individual assessment of the actions of the child. A positive attitude of children should be provoked, a positive assessment of the correct behavior should be given. This will serve as an incentive for further friendly relations with the outside world.
Game activity
In games, actions of children, purposefulness appears. A child can set a goal while drawing, constructing and gradually achieve it. But the instability of attention, the instability of arbitrary behavior constantly distracts the baby from targeted actions. The child quickly switches from one subject to another.
Age features of children 3-4 years form the prerequisites for further educational activities. Younger preschoolers, with the help of an adult, master the elements and rules of collective, individual games. This contributes to the development of relationships, the formation of the personality of the child, forms cognitive and creative activity.
During the game, children consolidate their knowledge of the subject and social world. It is necessary to lay the foundations of a culture of behavior during the play activity of the child.
Consultation for parents
Younger preschoolers are gradually starting to separate themselves from their parents. There is an irresistible desire to do everything in their own way. Children begin to resist adult control. These are the age characteristics of children 3-4 years old. How to understand a child? How to teach him courtesy and goodwill?
This is the age when children begin to defend their opinions, opposing the proposals of their parents. Do not put pressure on the child, try to force him to do anything against his will. This will bring infantility, which is much more difficult to overcome.
It should provide the child with an opportunity to choose, encourage his independence. The kid must understand the rules of interaction with people, learn to negotiate with them. The age crisis is the border that separates infancy from childhood - this is the main age-specific features of children 3-4 years old. A consultation for parents should explain how to behave with a child during his whims, tears.
Do not suppress the will of the child - this will lead to apathy, indifference. With patience, understanding, it is worth treating the negative manifestations of your baby. You should protect the feelings of the child. Do not humiliate him with harsh commands, tight control, demanding unquestioning obedience.
The need for respect and recognition are the main age characteristics of children 3-4 years old. Counseling for parents should call for patient cooperation with the child. It is important to make it clear to the baby that parents recognize his independence, are ready to communicate with him on an equal footing. The child takes into account the reaction to his behavior, actions. It is necessary to praise the baby, showing the correctness of his actions.
Age features of children 3-4 years: tips for parents
- Stubbornness of the child - the desire to express their opinion. Lack of vocabulary and sensory skills provokes moods. A child cannot always explain his experiences. Parents should explain to the baby how he feels. Be sure to take into account the opinion of the child in a conversation, in a situation.
- It is necessary to provide a choice for the baby. Which way to go, what clothes to wear - such simple tasks will contribute to independence. It should be agreed with the child - when he obeys the parents, and when he can choose something himself.
- Take care of the sensual manifestations of the child - empathize with his sorrows and grief. To teach to speak in words about what upset him. Give a name to the feelings and emotions of the child (grief, fatigue, joy, anger, admiration).