A rose all over the world is rightfully considered the queen of flowers and the queen of aromas. She is most often grown in garden beds. But in order for a plant to please gardeners with its marvelous flowers, it must be carefully looked after. Fertilizers for roses play an important role in this direction. What are they and how to use them correctly? Consider this in an article.
Fertilizers when planting
Usually fertilizers for roses are laid in the soil when planting a plant. When planting a bush, you should correctly select the soil composition. The loamy soil will become the most favorable type; moisture is perfectly preserved in it. But it does not matter if the land on the site has a different composition. In this case, it is important to properly prepare for the cultivation of roses.
First you need to make a pit with a depth of 50 cm and a width of 1 m. Its bottom is covered with crushed stone, crushed brick, which will provide good drainage of the soil. Soil mixed with urea and superphosphate is added to the recess. Additional fertilizers are not introduced when planting roses, this is done after the plant has taken root a little.
Types of fertilizers
After some time has passed and the soil slightly wasted the original useful trace elements, and they were also washed with moisture after watering, it is worth considering the introduction of fertilizers.
The most effective are their complex species, selected taking into account the soil composition, climatic characteristics and the state of the plants themselves.
All fertilizers for roses are divided into:
In the best way to ensure top dressing of rose bushes in spring and autumn, experts recommend combining both varieties of fertilizers. Their main difference is that the organic matter contributes to the improvement of the soil structure, while decomposing extremely slowly. And mineral trace elements decompose quickly and are able to satisfy the plant's nutrient needs in a short time. However, their excessive amount can significantly worsen the structure of the soil, lead to its petrification and “salinization”, which will negatively affect the state of the root system.
Organic options
Any organic compounds are used for rose bushes, but besides fresh manure. The latter can severely damage root structures. Therefore, if you want to use manure, it is taken in the stage of half-life or complete decay.
Peat or compost is used under the bush. You can also use these "recipes":
- Chicken droppings are bred in water in a ratio of 1:20 - this is if the litter is fresh. Old bred in a ratio of 1:10. After the solution is infused in a dark place for five days, water is added to it for irrigation 1: 3 and the planting is fertilized.
- From cow manure, an infusion is made in a ratio of 1:10, insisted for a week and watered in proportion, diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 2.
- Green weed can be made from weeds. To do this, weeds are used until the insemination stage, they are ground and put in a plastic container, filled with water. After 10 days, the infusion is diluted in a ratio of 1:10 and watered planting.
- Superphosphates and wood ash can be added to organic mixtures at the rate of 1 kg or 0.5 kg per 50 liters of water.
Mineral options
Among the mineral fertilizers for roses, the following can be distinguished:
- Nitrogen. They are necessary for the development of green mass, the growth of stems and leaves. Excess nitrogen leads to problems with the appearance of flowers. Urea and ammonium nitrate belong to this type.
- Phosphorous contribute to the active flowering and development of shoots in the autumn. This is superphosphate, ammophos, double superphosphate.
- Potash plants increase frost resistance, help sap flow and retain moisture, and improve flower colors.
A popular fertilizer for roses is potassium sulfate, combining the benefits of potassium and phosphorus in its composition.
What do flower growers use?
Popular among gardeners is the Fertika complex liquid fertilizer for roses, which contains nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus in its composition. With it, you can increase the color intensity of flowers and greenery, lengthen the flowering period. Fertilizer is used for garden and indoor roses. It is available in liquid form and in granules. You can use it absolutely at all stages of plant care, that is, starting with digging a planting hole.
Another option for fertilizer for roses, according to reviews, is the complex composition "Hera". It combines minerals and trace elements that can revive even dying plantings. The tool is created specifically for roses and other flowering plants. It is suitable for gardening and can also be used as fertilizer for home roses.
No less popular is the composition of "Agricola". In it, manufacturers collected all the substances necessary for the growth and development of roses. Top dressing helps plants build green mass and delight owners with lush, very bright blooms.
Florists also note the tool "Gloria", which is often found in stores. It is produced in granules. Has good ratings from those who used it. Provides quality nutrition to roses throughout the life cycle.
The listed funds are the best fertilizers for roses, if you analyze the views of gardeners.
Foliar top dressing
Foliar fertilizers are used in any season in addition to other types. At the same time, the solution is diluted twice as much as with root dressings. If small particles get into organic solutions, they are filtered before use. This will help to avoid clogging the sprayer and protect the leaves from excess debris.
As foliar fertilizers for roses, you can use the following formulations:
- 30 grams of urea are bred in 10 liters of water;
- 10 grams of sodium humate is dissolved in 3 liters of water, diluted another 20 times before use;
- 50 grams of superphosphate is dissolved in a liter of hot water, then diluted in 10 liters of water and the plants are sprayed;
- 500 ml of wood ash must be dissolved in a liter of water, then diluted in 10 liters of water, filtered.
For foliar fertilizers, a freshly prepared solution is taken each time, they are sprayed with greens in warm weather without precipitation. Atmospheric moisture is able to quickly wash away all nutrients and nullify all efforts.
Spring feeding
Care for rose bushes in early spring begins even before bud swelling and shoot development, when the air warms up to a positive temperature. In this case, perform the following actions:
- organic matter is dug around the bushes, for example, half a bucket of rotted manure;
- dry mineral fertilizers can be added to the ground, followed by active hydration, one tablespoon of ammonium nitrate or urea is suitable;
- the bushes are mulched with organics, garden compost is suitable for these purposes.
Some gardeners begin with nitrogen compounds at the end of April, and after a week they add organics. In this case, the next top dressing is planned for June - the time of bud swelling. Organic species are suitable at this time (chicken droppings, mullein, green fertilizers). The next feeding is carried out in July, after flowering and pruning of buds, phosphorus-potassium compounds are introduced at this time. In September, they also feed organics.
Urban planting of roses can be fed with store compounds, which are offered in sufficient quantities by retail chains.
Before flowering begins, it is useful to flavor the bushes with potassium and phosphorus, and nitrogen fertilizers are just reduced in volume.
If the bushes were planted last year, you can not fertilize them with organics, since it was introduced into the planting pits and has not yet been spent.
Autumn chores
Summer flowering depleted the bushes, so in the fall they need care. Fertilizing roses for autumn is necessary before the onset of frost. So the plant will be able to survive the cold season with strong immunity.
For this:
- It is watered with potassium-phosphorus solutions, with the help of which it is possible to accelerate the ripening of shoots and stop their growth. It is necessary to dissolve 25 grams of superphosphate and 10 grams of potassium sulfate in 10 liters of water.
- With the beginning of September, nitrogen fertilizers cease. This is done in order to stop the growth of green mass.
- With the onset of cold weather, the ground under the bushes is sprinkled with mulch or manure, this will delay the spring work on fertilizer application.
- Mineral substances are brought under the bushes, burying them in the soil.
In rainy autumn, you do not need to water the bushes, and granular fertilizers are scattered on the ground next to the plants. With sufficient natural moisture, the substances will have time to dissolve and produce the desired effect.
Features of fertilizers indoor roses
Top dressing indoor plants have their own characteristics, which are associated with the fact that home flowers need to be fertilized more thoroughly. This is due to the limited volume of the pot where the flower grows, that is, less nutrients in the soil.
When a plant is transplanted into a new soil, after a month you can think about applying fertilizing. Their further addition is possible once every two weeks, not more often.
For this purpose, complex mineral formulations intended for flowers are usually used. It can be both liquid fertilizers for roses and dry ones. All of the above tools are quite suitable for pets.
In spring, owners usually take flowers to the balcony, where they stand before the onset of cold weather. Throughout the summer period, plants need careful care and more frequent watering (than in the case of garden specimens). Otherwise, caring for domestic beauties is not much different from their sisters in the flower beds.
Expert Advice
According to professional gardeners, top dressing for roses should be based on an analysis of the condition of the bushes. They also give these tips:
- For lush and long flowering need phosphorus.
- If the bush is weak, it needs nitrogen. This is especially true for young specimens or freshly planted plants.
- If overfed with nitrogen, the bush will be green, but will not give many flowers. In this case, attention is switched to phosphorus-potassium variants of mixtures.
- Mineral fertilizers are not applied to dry soil, this can burn the roots.
- If the leaves dry and the bush weakens, it's time to introduce organic matter into the soil, which will improve its composition.
Conclusion
When fertilizing rose bushes, one should take into account the climatic conditions of the growing region, the state of the soil, its composition, and weather conditions. At the same time, you can grow beautiful roses on your site or in an apartment, which will become a real joy and pride of the owner.