Ensuring the highest safety of a person and property is a rather important task, which is set for those who are responsible for the premises.
The need for fire fighting systems
There are cases when it is simply impossible to defend against all sorts of dangers, but there is a threat that can be prevented. In this case, it is a fire. Automatic fire extinguishing systems, the installation and design of which are very important points, must be mounted according to certain documentation, which is the most important factor in achieving the highest level of safety.
Design Features
Initially, it is necessary to determine the type of construction. It is from this stage that the design of the system begins. The building can be residential, not intended for living, being energized, and also designed to store valuables, equipment and other things.
Automatic fire extinguishing systems, the installation of which is most often carried out exclusively by specialists, involves the choice of equipment at the design stage - it can be powder, water or other, which will depend on the type of room. For example, if it is necessary to protect warehouses with a large amount of metal from a fire, it is best to use a powder system. If designing is done for the library, it is recommended to consider a gas installation, since water and foam can damage documents.
Important design considerations
Automatic fire extinguishing systems, the installation of which must be carried out in accordance with certain rules, provide for the determination of the optimal temperature regime at the design stage . This factor is connected with the previous paragraph, that is, with which system it was decided to apply. Thus, if the temperature does not fall below zero, it is possible to use only spray, foam or water sprinklers. If the temperature inside the building can be below zero, it is better to use the powder or gas method of extinguishing the flame.
Splinker systems and their design
If you are interested in automatic fire extinguishing systems, sprinkler and deluge systems can be called one of the most common. The first suggest the presence of water pipes. The system is constantly filled with a fire fighting compound. It has this name for the reason that it is equipped with sprinklers, which are special nozzles. Among them, one can distinguish a low-melting nozzle, which is exposed during a fire and is responsible for supplying a fire extinguishing substance at the site of ignition. This process will not depend on whether there are living creatures in the room. Installation of such a system involves the installation of a network of pipes that have sprinklers. Installation is carried out under floor ceilings. A large area is divided into separate sections, each of which is served by its own signal. In the process of installing automatic fire extinguishing control systems, this protection is often used for the reason that it has many advantages, among which we can single out the simplicity of equipment.
Area of use
Design, as a rule, is carried out for sports complexes, offices and residential buildings. At the same time, the height of the room should not be more than 20 meters. An exception is the case when the installation is intended to protect structural elements. When creating a project, several points are taken into account, namely the determination of the diameter of the pipeline, which must comply with existing standards. When determining this parameter, there is a need to take into account that a certain amount of water should be supplied to the sprinklers at a critical moment, which will be used to extinguish the flame. Both the shape of the jet and the area to be treated are selected.
Powder systems and their design
If you have chosen automatic fire extinguishing systems, installation, prices should be of interest. Information about this is presented in the article.
To eliminate an open flame, a special powder composition can be used. Such a system has its advantages, among them we can distinguish environmental friendliness, versatility of use, as well as fairly quick suppression of the flame. This approach is used to protect electrical installations and spray booths, for engineering rooms and other facilities that do not imply the possibility of fire extinguishing. In the process of designing this system, it is important to determine the number of modules, as well as to calculate, taking into account the probability of an uneven distribution of powder. Among other things, specialists must correctly distribute the modules.
Gas systems and their design
We continue to consider fire extinguishing systems (types, arrangement of this equipment are described in the article). Among others, gas installations can be distinguished that are used when it is not possible to use other extinguishing methods. As an example, museum premises can be distinguished. Design involves focusing on calculations. Among gas fire extinguishing systems, there are centralized and modular. The final choice will depend on the number of rooms that need protection, on the area and type of main building.
Common mistakes
It is important to take into account that quite often mistakes are made in the design of the described systems, namely, the manual of NPB 88-2001 is used, which does not have a calculation procedure and corresponding programs. As a result, the diameters of the pipelines are too large or small. In no case should you neglect the weight of the extinguishing agent. Thus, when using Freon-23, there is no mass control, despite the fact that this substance is a liquefied gas.
Features of the installation
Automatic fire extinguishing systems, the installation of which is carried out after the approval of the project, must be installed by specialists. This is due to the fact that human safety in case of fire will depend on this stage. Installation work involves several types of manipulations, including plumbing, as well as electrical work, welding, programming, and more.
It is important to carry out all the calculations, because it is necessary to install several varieties of elements, among them those that are able to pick up signs of a flame. As a rule, this is a whole set of sensors. It should be noted and the elements that notify about the occurrence of emergency situations. The system must have devices storing and dropping the extinguishing agent. These are tanks, pipelines and more.
Installation of an automatic fire extinguishing system, the cost of which will be mentioned below, involves the installation of fire sensors that are located on the ceiling. They must respond to threats like smoke or open flames. The mentioned sensors are connected to the control panel.
Tanks
Among other things, it is important to mount tanks that will be filled with a quenching agent. At the next stage, the pipeline system is installed, which is necessary for supplying the extinguishing agent with a spray. For more efficient operation of the system, it is necessary to connect equipment that is responsible for smoke removal. These include sound sounders. Among other things, additional elements must be connected that guarantee protection against other threats, such as a security alarm.
Fire extinguishing system reviews
The installation of an automatic fire extinguishing system, the cost of which can start from 15,000 rubles, assumes, according to users, the presence of a pumping station, control centers, sprinklers, water tanks, as well as a piping system. Owners of private houses and warehouses who decided to use fire protection in the form of a water system note that the pumping station should be located in a separate room, but for this you can use a separate building.
Be that as it may, the place is isolated by firewalls, ceilings, the fire resistance of which should be 45. Consumers note that they were given the task of ensuring the internal temperature of this room in the range from 5 to 35 degrees. Among other things, the humidity level should not exceed 80%. This is true for 25 degrees Celsius.
It is especially important to check emergency and working lighting, as well as telephone communications. As consumers emphasize, the control units are located at the pumping station. It is important that these parts of the system are easily accessible.
As for sprinklers, when working with an object that is distinguished by protruding ceiling elements or ceilings in the form of beams, these components must be mounted between the above protruding objects, this will guarantee a more uniform coverage of the area at the time of extinguishing.
If there is a false ceiling in a niche, you can make a hidden installation of sprinklers. Automatic fire extinguishing systems, the history of which began several decades ago, suggest the presence of a water tank. It should contain the estimated amount of liquid needed to extinguish. It is best to additionally install equipment that will be responsible for blocking the flow of water to other needs. Among other things, as noted by buyers and users of these systems, there is a need to install a device that will replenish the tank during fire fighting.
The described system of automatic fire extinguishing should include the availability of pipelines. This system cannot be connected to fire extinguishing installations of the sanitary-technical or production plan, however, it is possible to combine with the household-drinking or production system.
User opinion on the installation of foam fire extinguishing
The economic rationale for installing an automatic fire extinguishing system, an example of which will be described below, is explained by the need to protect oil and chemical enterprises, as well as power plants.
To extinguish the flame when using this system, several dispensers must be mounted. At the time of fluid supply, they are able to regulate the flow due to the difference in pressure at the inlet and outlet. The foam solution is obtained by the volumetric method, which includes the preparation of a foaming agent mixture in a container. According to people who observed the outcome of this system, the foam solution is able to form a film on the surface that blocks the flow of air to the source of ignition.
In order not to repair the installations of the automatic fire extinguishing system, which may necessitate a process of operation, design and installation should be entrusted to specialists. The pipelines of the above system can be filled by a filler, dry pipe or circulating method. The second option involves a good filling to the starting and locking devices.
Fine spray reviews
According to users, these fire extinguishing installations are the most cost-effective, this is due to the fact that they do not provide for the need to install pumping stations, tanks and treatment facilities. Among other things, there is no need to build pipelines.
Owners of production facilities emphasize that this approach saves a significant amount of money.