In order for a suburban area to be suitable for a full-fledged stay, it is necessary not only to conduct all the appropriate communications (light and water) to it. It is also necessary to carry out the installation of a septic tank, which will ensure normal drainage.
Types of septic tanks on the site
There are several varieties of such structures that are used on the site:
- simple drain pit;
- a plastic septic tank with a certain number of chambers;
- septic tank made of concrete rings.
The latter species is considered the most popular and easiest to build.
Choosing a place for a septic tank on the site
It is worth noting: in order to perform high-quality installation of a septic tank, which will be used for a long time, it is necessary to choose the right place for it.
Firstly, the stock pit should be located as far as possible from the apartment building and any outbuildings. This will protect buildings from flooding. Secondly, on a plot of several meters around the septic tank there should not be plantings. This is especially true for the garden.
Tip. It is better to install the septic tank closer to the entrance to the courtyard, so that it is possible to properly clean it using special equipment.
Work plan for installing a septic tank in a suburban area
It is worth considering that the installation of the septic tank is carried out in stages. First, you need to choose the right place for him. Secondly, make a drawing of the future design.
Important. This stage is the most crucial, since on the basis of its data it is possible to correctly calculate the required amount of materials for the installation of runoff wells.
Next, you need to do the following:
- dig a pit;
- install concrete rings;
- lay and connect all the necessary pipes;
- seal the joints of the material;
- installation of floors;
- adding septic tank.
This is a kind of installation scheme for a septic tank, which allows you to perform all the work correctly and efficiently. In this case, special equipment and improvised tools are used.
Note. You can easily install the septic tank with your own hands, for this you do not need to have special knowledge in this area. It will be quite simple to know the principle of operation of such a design.
Digging a pit
As soon as the site for the installation of the sewer pit is selected, you can proceed with the excavation of the pit. It is worth considering that the size and diameter of such a design depends on the daily flow of water for each member of the family. In order to be able to live freely on a suburban area, it is enough to make a hole up to 3 m deep. At the same time, its width (or diameter) will be:
- 70 cm;
- 80 cm;
- 90 cm and so on.
This parameter is based on the diameter of the selected concrete rings.
If the pit is being dug manually, then for work you will need:
- manual drill or simple drilling rig;
- shovel;
- bucket.
Initially, all vegetation is removed from the soil surface along the perimeter of the future septic tank with a shovel and another garden tool, a recess of 20-30 cm is dug out. Then a drill is installed and it starts to work to a depth of 50 cm.Then a shovel is dug a hole of the required depth and diameter. Excess soil rises to the surface with a bucket. You must also use a ladder for easier descent and ascent.
If the septic tank is dug up with the help of equipment, then the minimum amount of a hand-held tool will be required: a shovel. A specialized bucket machine will make the necessary recess.
Important. You need to dig carefully. Especially if a person does not know at what level groundwater is located. They should be as far from the septic tank as possible so that contaminated drains do not clog them.
There is one recommendation for the construction of a sewer well: do not continue digging if water has already appeared at the bottom of the pit. This design is best to fall asleep and not to use in the future.
Installation of concrete rings
Since such products have a large mass, they need to be installed only with the help of a special tripod, which is built independently, or with a crane.
Tip. It is better to install a septic tank made of concrete rings using special equipment. This will greatly facilitate the work and reduce the time and effort spent.
The first ring is mounted on a special substrate. It is made of sand, gravel and gravel. This is a kind of natural filter that can trap harmful substances in the pit. It is necessary to ensure that the ring after installation is in an even plane. For this reason, further installation will be simple and quick.
The second ring is mounted on the first, and so on. Thus, an even construction is obtained that requires additional decoration.
Pipe laying
Initially, pipes are drawn from the house. They are laid at a depth below the level of soil freezing. Otherwise, you need to insulate them with the help of special materials or apply the sleeve technology. It has been used for a long time and is a “pipe in pipe” design, that is, the pipe for drains is insulated with mineral wool and inserted into a pipe with a large diameter. Because of this, the entire structure will be not only insulated, but also protected from moisture and soil pressure.
The pipes are brought almost to the center of the septic tank. In some cases, they can be placed below. It is only worth considering that quite often due to the receipt of a large number of wastewater, the pipes become clogged and it will not be possible to clean them yourself.
Sealing the structure
Firstly, the rings installed in the septic tank must be fastened together. To do this, use a concrete solution prepared using sand, concrete and water and with the addition of special substances to give such a tool moisture resistance and strength. It is applied to the joints and crevices of the material.
Secondly, according to the outer diameter, the septic tank must be coated with roofing material or other material to protect it from flooding by rain or melt water.
Next, they are already moving on to the refinement of the structure and installing floor slabs on the soil surface, which are the basis for the installation of the septic tank lid.
Sewer pit filling
Installation of a septic tank from rings can be considered completed only if all work on installing the material and protecting the entire structure is completed.
The final step will be to fill up around the septic tank to a depth of 50 cm. Use small gravel or gravel for this. They fall asleep along the outer diameter of the structure and are covered with a layer of purified sand from above. It can be poured with concrete mortar.
Once all work has been completed, you can use a septic tank.