Each winegrower in his garden wants to have fertile varieties that would delight in appearance, unique taste and plenty of crops. Some even manage to not only grow already known and popular species, but also develop completely new varieties. One of these was the surgeon's memory grape. The variety was bred by amateur breeder Yevgeny Pavlovsky.
Grapes in memory of the surgeon: variety description, harvest
This is an early table grape variety (ripening period 120 days). Harvesting - mid-August - early autumn. The berries are dense, tight, fleshy inside. The peel is thick, so that the crop can be stored for a long time and maintain its presentation.
The Surgeon's Memory Variety is the result of crossing two varieties: Nistru and Talisman. From the first parent, he inherited the size and bright color of the berries, from the second - early maturity and rapid rooting. The vine of grapes most often ripens by 2/3. Productivity is average. The optimal load on the grapes in memory of the surgeon is 30-35 eyes. The grade is frost-resistant. According to some scientific sources, the plant is able to survive at a temperature of minus 23 degrees, but many winegrowers claim that this figure is too high and at this temperature the grape does not feel too comfortable. For the winter it needs to be covered.
Bushes are vigorous, strong. Leaves are strongly dissected, three-lobed. Young leaves of saturated light green color, more adults have a dark green color.
The clusters are not too dense, rather large, conical in shape. Typically, the weight of one bunch is 0.5-0.7 kg, but with proper care and a good harvest can reach 1 kg.
Berries
Grapes in memory of the surgeon has berries that are distinguished by their unusual appearance. Amber-golden, large fruits, sometimes pale pink, covered with a waxy white coating. The average weight of one grape is 8-12 g, individual berries reach 20 g.
The pulp is fleshy, juicy and very sweet. The taste is harmonious and pleasant.
The advantages of the variety, according to winegrowers
Among the positive qualities of this variety, growers have identified:
- Fast ripening period.
- Excellent presentation.
- Excellent transportability.
- Good resistance to low temperature, diseases and pests.
- Good rooting of cuttings.
In addition, the grapes are easy to shape, do not need special care, have sweet berries with a nutmeg aroma.
disadvantages
Grapes In memory of the surgeon according to reviews also has some disadvantages. These include:
- on a scion matures poorly;
- often affected by fungal diseases;
- suffers from wasp damage;
- prone to peeling.
Growing Features
Since this is a new variety, grape seedlings in memory of the surgeon are recommended to be purchased in specialized nurseries. This is the only way to get full confidence that this particular variety will grow.
It should be noted that on rootstock the plant gives poor results. On vaccinated crops, it is more susceptible to disease and has a low yield.
Landing is carried out in a classic way.
- a pit is prepared with a depth of about 0.8 m;
- humus is filled with soil;
- the roots of the cuttings are placed in water the day before planting, and before planting in the soil they are lowered into a special solution that stimulates root formation;
- the seedling is lowered into a pit prepared in advance, filled with soil. The neck of the root should remain on the surface;
- the seedling is watered and tied;
- the soil around the planted plant is mulched with moss or sawdust;
- Feeding will also not be superfluous: this will give the grapes extra strength for good fruiting.
Watering the bushes is also carried out according to the standard scheme: before flowering and after it.
Pruning
The bushes of this grape variety are vigorous with a large amount of green mass, especially if in the spring a lot of nitrogen fertilizers was applied. That is why stepsoning is a mandatory and ongoing procedure. Excessive leaves shading the bunches are also removed, due to which sun exposure to berries increases and their sugar content increases.
When pruning the vine, it is recommended to leave up to 8 eyes. If the bush is still young or just small, 4-5 eyes are enough.
Diseases and Pests
Grapes In memory of the surgeon, the care of which is not at all complicated, is quite resistant to many diseases, including gray rot, mildew and oidium, but if the vine is improperly maintained, the vine itself can hurt, which can lead to a poor harvest.
Since this variety has a very sweet taste and strong aroma, it attracts wasps, which cause serious harm to the fruits.
Mildew
This disease affects the entire plant without damaging only the roots. Especially it progresses with high humidity. A characteristic feature of the disease is the appearance of light spots on the outer surface of the leaves. A powdery coating begins to form on the reverse side. Affected leaves gradually begin to turn yellow and then die, the disease spreads further.
As a preventive measure, mulching of the soil is carried out, fertilizing with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is performed, and fungicidal spraying is also done. Processing plants should be carried out three times.
- when the shoots reach a length of 15 cm;
- before flowering;
- after flowering, when the berries become the size of a pea.
Oidium
This is a fungal disease, dangerous, especially for the vine, especially young. It develops poorly, the leaves begin to frown and become covered with white coating. Especially the disease progresses with high humidity and insufficient ventilation.
To combat this ailment, you should arrange the grapes with good ventilation. For this, stepsoning, garter shoots, weeding weeds are carried out. Treatment with fungicidal agents must be carried out in the same way as with mildew.
Also, grapes in memory of the surgeon (grape seedlings can be purchased in specialized nurseries) can be affected by other fungal diseases - gray rot, black spotting. Outwardly, all diseases are similar and have identical methods of dealing with them.
Grape Pests
For table grape varieties, pests pose a serious danger. The most common of these is phylloxera. In fact, this is the same aphid that has a yellow-green color. There are two types of this pest: leaf and root, respectively, and it threatens the bush in different places.
Leaf phylloxera affects the leaves, and the root damages the roots of grapes. Some sources have information that the vine of this grape variety is not damaged by this pest, but not all gardeners are so optimistic. To be sure that this ailment will bypass the bush, it is better to treat it with carbon disulfide. For prevention, the minimum dose of this drug is used. If phylloxera is seen on the vine, the dosage is increased several times. Despite the fact that such treatment will damage the fruits and leaves, the bush itself will be saved.
To combat insect pests (wasps, birds, etc.), set bait with poison. Adhesive tapes, to which wasps are glued, also worked well. The disadvantage of this method is that not only wasps, but also bees fall into such traps.
If the plant is still young and small in clusters, they put on special bags that protect the berries from the attack of insects and birds.
The grape variety in memory of the surgeon has gained popularity among gardeners due to the excellent quality of berries, resistance to cold, rooting cuttings and early maturity.