Orchid diseases occur in various ways: viral, bacterial and fungal. Often they are affected by fungal diseases and rot due to excessive watering and an excess of moisture in the core of the plant. But in addition to this, there are other diseases of orchids, consider them.
Viral diseases of orchids.
The spotting of plants, both flowers and leaves in the form of a mosaic - the appearance of small spots in the form of arrows, stripes, circles. Most often, orchids of the genus Cymbidium, Cattleya, Odontoglossum, Phalaenopsis and Vanda are subject to disease. Affected plants must be destroyed (it is better to burn), since for other plants they are already a source of infection. Or until a diagnosis is established (viral disease or not), the flower should be isolated from the rest.
Fungal diseases of orchids.
Fusarium rot.
With this disease, the leaves turn yellow, become a dark gray hue. The leaf acquires a soft, friable structure and the surface of a pale pink coating is covered with spores of the fungus. On the affected leaves, the edges curl, the central shoot dies and decays. Orchids of the genus Miltonia, Epidendrum are more often affected.
Ways of struggle - watering and spraying the plant 3 times a day with 0.2% solution of baseazole. After 10 days, the procedure is repeated.
Black rot.
From fungal infections on orchids, rot develops as a result of damage to the plant by pests or rotting of the roots due to improper care (from wet and cold content). Orchids of the genus Paphiopedilum and Cattleya are affected. The rotten parts of the orchid, as well as dead roots, are removed with a sterilized knife (alcohol or fire), the slices are sprinkled with fungicide powder or chopped charcoal, and the plant is transplanted into a fresh moist orchid substrate. After this, a favorable microclimate is created for him, placing in a warm place where young roots will quickly begin to sprout.
Root rot.
Leaves and roots become soft, acquiring a dark brown shade, and as a result rot. This is due to excess moisture and high air temperature. Most often, orchids of the genus Cymbidium, Miltonia, Paphiopedilum suffer.
Ways of struggle - watering 0.2% with topsin or 0.2% with foundationazole 3 times a day with an interval between waterings of 10 days.
Anthracosis.
On the shoots and leaves of plants brown spots of various sizes with small dots form, the ends of the leaves are affected by dark brown streaks. As a result, the leaves are completely stained and die. The development of the disease occurs due to increased humidity and high temperature. Most of all, orchids of the genus Dendrobium, Cattleya, Cymbidium are affected.
Methods of control: the affected leaves are removed, the plant is completely sprayed with fungicide (2-3 times a month every 10 days), 1 time per month - as a preventive measure. Watering at the same time decreases and during the week the leaves are not sprayed.
Bacterial diseases of orchids , photo attached.
Bacterial rot (brown).
Young leaves begin to hurt - watery spots of a light brown color appear, which subsequently increase and darken. There is a disease with high humidity and low air temperature. Most of these are diseases of orchids Phalaenopsis, Cymbidium, Paphiopedilum, Cattleya.
The treatment is the same as with black rot. Leaves should not be watered. For prevention, spray once a month with copper sulfate.
Non-infectious orchid diseases.
Leaf spotting.
The appearance of brown wet spots on the leaves is the first reason for non-infectious spotting, which was formed due to uneven irrigation, excessive sunlight.
Ways of struggle - the affected leaves are removed, the plant is sprayed.
After analyzing what kind of disease, a sick plant requires appropriate care - treatment with certain solutions or removal of diseased leaves. If these are viral diseases, then it should be isolated so that other healthy plants do not become infected. And the most important thing that an orchid lover should know: you need to keep the core of the orchid dry and protect it from excess moisture.