Stereotypes are a certain sequence of habitual actions, fixed with the help of functional connections and conditioned reflexes. A huge mass of stimuli enters the human brain throughout the day. This, for example, can be various phenomena and events, colors, smells and colors. All these chaotic impulses are systematized and fit into an integral system. For example, each person has his own daily routine, which can be both rigid and flexible.
The life of an individual fits into a certain framework. Such a system becomes solid and inert under unchanging conditions of existence. It can also be mobile with changing processes.
The dynamic stereotype was discovered by the famous scientist I.P. Pavlov. He applied a certain sequence of negative and positive stimuli in his work, followed by the development of conditioned reflexes. The final result was a dynamic stereotype, which is a coherent system of certain internal processes.
In order to trigger a chain of conditioned reflexes, it is not necessary to carry out the effect with the help of the initial integral system of stimuli. It is enough to apply the first signal - and the chain of reflexes will follow automatically.
A dynamic stereotype is necessary to save spiritual and physical strength. Here you can give an example from everyday activities. A person who is only mastering a certain labor spends a lot of effort on its implementation. A professional has already learned an automatic sequence of actions and makes his work easier, more economical and more competent.
Changing stereotypes is quite difficult. Here I.P. Pavlov made another important discovery. In difficult or crisis circumstances, the human nervous system is easier to perform the usual sequence of actions than to break the stereotype. It is very difficult for an individual to adapt to new, even weak stimuli. The acquisition of a new stereotype takes a long time, from time to time the old reactions return. In weak or depleted animals, the development of a new sequence of actions can cause neurosis.
I.P. Pavlov linked a dynamic stereotype with human activity. As proof, he cited the fact that each individual has a certain, familiar way of life. This may be a sequence in the performance of work, a schedule of sleep, eating, resting.
I.P. Pavlov associated with the physiological basis the heavy sense of self that occurs with the loss of loved ones, a change in the usual way of life, a change in beliefs and worldview. That is, the previous dynamic stereotypes break down, since they are no longer adequate to reality, and after this a neurosis begins.
It is worth noting that the usual sequence of actions and reactions is not inert. It changes, because the impact of the external environment is highly unstable. The formation of stereotypes is greatly affected by education. So, a person can instill strong-willed qualities, hard work, etc.
IP Pavlov also notes that well-established, inert stereotypes are characteristic of the weak organism. For example, it is almost impossible to change the usual sequence of actions and reactions in older people.
There is also a social stereotype. It means a simplified system of widespread ideas about some groups of people. So, a person from a certain community is endowed with the leading qualities of his group, regardless of his character. That is, people expect predictable behavior from the individual. More often than not, a social stereotype applies to national, religious, and racial groups.