PC floor slabs are round-hollow reinforced concrete load-bearing structures designed for overlapping any rooms. The service life of the building structure depends on the quality of their production. They can be made of lightweight, dense and heavy silicate concrete.
PC floor slabs differ in void diameter and thickness. They must comply with all the requirements of state standards for design (rigidity, strength, fracture toughness). The main requirements put forward to PC floor slabs are not only reliability, but also high sound insulation. They are distinguished by enhanced properties against the formation of cracks and chips. They are produced both using tensile reinforcement and conventional. This is their main difference from beam slabs of floor slabs, which are produced only using prestressed reinforcement. In addition, the latter have more flexible physical characteristics that allow installation with any step, and also allow you to make a plate of almost any shape. PC floor slabs have more stringent installation requirements, but are much more dense and stronger in terms of kink / bend characteristics.
When lifting and mounting PC floor slabs, they use special gripping devices or mounting loops. In the manufacture of this building material for loopless mounting, the size and location of the holes are provided for in advance in the drawings of the design documentation.
In order for reinforced concrete building materials not to lose their distinctive properties, storage rules must be observed: the height when stacking piles should not be more than two and a half meters, during long-term storage it is necessary to rely them on wooden blocks. Such linings are located near special mounting loops.
Hollow core slabs are intended for the construction of the load-bearing part of structures and floors for various purposes. They are used in strict accordance with the developed drawings and the necessary additional requirements.
Hollow structures, in accordance with state standards, are indicated by marking. It consists of groups that include a letter and a number, separated by a hyphen. The first part indicates the type of hollow core slab, its required dimensions, rounded to the nearest whole number, which are measured in decimeters. The second part indicates the serial number for the required bearing capacity or the design load. In addition, they indicate the class of reinforced steel and the type of concrete (they do not denote heavy, light - L, dense silicate - C). The third group includes additional parameters.
Ribbed floor slabs are made for overlapping in multi-storey buildings or in industrial premises with a minimum step of six meters. Their height is four hundred millimeters (in accordance with state standard 27215-87) or three hundred millimeters (in accordance with state standard 21506-87).
Hollow ceilings, which are made with voids located in parallel (the length of the ceilings is determined by them), are designed to support on two or three sides.
Alphanumeric groups in the grades contain the following necessary designations: class of prestressing reinforcing steel, bearing capacity, type of concrete, plate size and the presence of holes of one thousand, seven hundred or four hundred millimeters (designated 3, 2, 1, respectively).
The greatest demand in homebuilding is material 12 - PC floor slabs with a width of one thousand two hundred millimeters. Clear compliance with the requirements of standards and design documentation determines the further safety of the entire structure as a whole.