What could be more beautiful than blooming roses? In each garden, with the help of this queen of flowers, you can create an atmosphere in which romance, fabulousness and restrained luxury are combined. Roses look equally impressive on flowerbeds, and in individual plantings, and even in a pot on the windowsill.
general information
Probably there is no woman who would not be pleased to receive a bouquet of these beautiful flowers. Roses have long been a symbol of love. Many garden plots decorate these beautiful flowers. They attract with their sophistication and beauty. But those who did not grow them do not even realize that this is a rather capricious culture.
Therefore, those who are only going to breed them, need to be prepared for the fact that they will require a certain skill and patience. But the garden, drowning in fragrant flowers, will be a worthy reward for all the labors.
Why do I need pruning roses
Care for this crop should be right. Only in this case will the plant bloom magnificently, pleasing to the eye. One important aspect of care is the proper pruning of roses. For beginning gardeners, this article provides information on the timing, as well as the technique for performing this procedure, which is carried out regularly. Indeed, by doing so, a person not only removes extra shoots, but also creates favorable conditions for the formation of young shoots.
In addition, thanks to pruning, roses build strength and develop better. The procedure affects the lush flowering, and the longevity of the bush. That is why pruning roses is considered one of the most important agricultural activities. I must say that this is a simple job, but different types of plants require a different approach. In any case, whether it is a tea-hybrid variety or a Chinese rose, pruning stimulates the growth of young shoots and the development of the root system.
The bush will not only please with a large number of buds, but also with larger flowers, because it will receive more nutrients as a result of the correct removal of weak branches and shoots.
When do pruning
Any suburban area will get an aesthetic appearance if it has a front garden planted with flowering plants.
Of course, roses are best suited to decorate a home garden. However, they are quite whimsical to care for. Even if pruning of rose bushes is missed for one season, this can lead not only to a decrease in the number of buds, but also to withering of the entire plant. Therefore, you need to know everything about this event, strictly observe the terms and rules. For example, pruning roses in the fall is necessary in order to prolong the youth of the bush, making it stronger. But most often, gardeners carry out this work in the spring. Pruning roses immediately after the retreat of winter aims to remove dead or frost-damaged twigs. In addition, it is in the early spring that the bushes of these beautiful flowers are formed so that they do not become too thick and so that the shoots do not block the light of each other. Some varieties require summer sanitary pruning, carried out after flowering. Thus, according to experts, the risk of bush disease is reduced.
Trimming Types
There are several types of this event.
A strong, or short pruning of roses is used in the spring, after the winter shelter is removed from hybrid tea, polyanthus and floribunda. And it is also carried out when planting new seedlings. Strong pruning involves shortening the stems by two-thirds, to the level of the third or fourth point from the bottom. After flowering, the shoots are cut in half.
Medium or moderate pruning of roses is needed for medium-sized varieties. The bush in this case is formed up to the level of 5-7 buds from the base.
Long or weak pruning of climbing roses or hybrid tea varieties suggests a slight shortening of the branches. It is carried out in the spring when planting seedlings.
There are also combined and sanitary pruning roses. In the first case, the shoots of one plant are shortened to varying degrees. So cut some varieties of floribunda, giving the bushes an elegant shape. For sanitary purposes, dry, weak branches, shortening to green tissue, are removed during the entire growing season.
Required Inventory
For pruning, the gardener will need a sharp secateurs, fairly tight gloves and some kind of antifungal drug. The tool should cut evenly. And if he is stupid, then the torn place left by him can lead to illness and to the death of the plant. Before starting work, the secateurs should be disinfected with a manganese solution.
Autumn pruning - pros and cons
Pruning roses for the winter helps bushes better tolerate the cold. Especially it helps varieties prone to freezing. The advantages of autumn pruning are the following factors:
- already formed rose bushes are more convenient to shelter for the winter;
- the plant will accumulate nutrients that will allow it to develop well in the spring;
- growth of new branches will increase;
- the root system will develop better;
- peduncle of the peduncles will increase;
- the risk of infection with fungi is minimized.
However, autumn pruning of roses has its drawbacks: if the night temperature rises to positive, stimulation of the growth of sleeping buds can occur .
As a result, the latter, having passed into the developmental stage, can die from subsequent frosts, leading to escape disease.
What roses need to be cut in the fall?
The fact that before winter all the bushes of this beautiful culture need to be cleaned is unambiguous. But some varieties need trimming. And first of all it concerns floribunda. In this type of roses, flower buds are placed on the shoots of this year only. Therefore, floribunda needs combined pruning. Part of the branches is removed, only up to ten buds are left, which will provide early flowering. And the remaining shoots are greatly shortened. 3-5 buds should remain on them, which cause the growth of new ones and bloom later.
In polyanthus roses, only 7-8 main branches should be left on adult bushes, and the rest should be removed. By trimming, you can get a spherical shape of the bush. Be sure to clean its middle. The shoots need to be cut off by a third, and only one or two buds should be left on the growths.
In the same way, you need to do with miniature roses, forming them so as to give symmetry. As for the shtambov, then their type of pruning depends on the group of grafted varieties. In any case, experts do not recommend a strong option. In autumn, you just need to remove the flowers and unripe shoots, preparing the stamb for winter.
How to prune roses
To carry out this agrotechnical event, it is better to choose a sunny and calm day. Pruning should begin primarily with the removal of damaged, dry, diseased and shoots directed inside the bush. They need to be shortened to a healthy site, and sometimes to the soil level.
If strong pruning is expected, several healthy and strong shoots are selected, for example, five or six pieces, and the rest are cut off with a pruner under the root. About five buds are counted on the selected shoots, and the rest are removed. Trim carefully and quickly so as not to damage the bark. In this case, the extreme kidney, well developed, should look out. Otherwise, as the bush grows, this will lead to its thickening. You need to step back one centimeter from the kidney and make an oblique cut, which should be turned inward. This is necessary to prevent moisture retention.
After completion of work, all sections must be treated with garden varieties or any other antifungal agent. This is necessary so that harmful microorganisms do not get there. Cut off shoots and leaves around the bush must be removed so that there is no decay.
How is spring pruning
Before proceeding with it, you should remove the winter shelter from the rose bush, remove garbage and all old leaves, and also remove the mulch. Spring pruning of roses is carried out immediately after the establishment of warm weather, when the buds are already swollen, but the shoots have not yet begun to grow. At this time, the bush needs sanitization. If the plant is too thickened, it is thinned out, leaving four or five strong and healthy stems. It is important to use a very sharp tool that minimally injures the bush. In addition, all shoots on the bush must be cut off at an angle of 45 degrees, stepping back from the last bud by about five millimeters up.
In the spring it is recommended to expose all kinds of roses to this event, since it is very important that all old and dry branches are removed. The plant will not spend its strength on them, but will build up new ones. In addition, the bush will receive the desired shape.
Clipping grade varieties
Curly roses should be treated very carefully. They differ in thin branches, which, interwoven with each other, can creep into other plants. Pruning such plants primarily involves getting rid of those shoots that grow in the wrong direction. They should be removed immediately.
Pruning climbing roses is not a difficult operation, but a different approach is required for different groups and varieties. This event, carried out incorrectly, can harm the plant and even destroy it. There are several types of pruning. Short exercise when planting climbing roses rambler. In the first year they do not bloom. However, with the help of pruning, gardeners stimulate the growth of shoots that will give buds next year.
Average pruning of roses is carried out in the summer to remove shoots with faded flowers: they should be shortened to a well-developed bud. This stimulates a new shoot formation and creates a decorative form for the bush.
In the case of a weak pruning carried out in spring, the tops of shoots are removed from climbing roses. It is relevant immediately after removing the winter shelter.
How to care for indoor flowers
Pruning roses at home is one of the main secrets of their luxurious flowering. I must say that in this matter miniature indoor flower queens do not differ from other varietal species. Trimming should be done three times a year - in spring, summer and autumn. This event stimulates thickening of bushes, abundant flowering and growth. Basic pruning of beauties is carried out immediately after a period of rest. Usually it is carried out in February or early March, when the kidneys begin to swell. First, all dry, damaged shoots are removed. Trimming is done to healthy tissues. All weak, thinned shoots are also removed to the base.