As soon as the society began to stratify on property grounds, locking devices designed to preserve property immediately appeared. Technology has improved over time, as well as locking devices of past centuries are completely unlike modern locks.
The main purpose of any castle is to lock and protect real estate and movable property.
Door locks
All locks for locking doors, both interior and exterior, are classified according to several criteria.
By installation method:
- mounted;
- waybills;
- mortise.
By type of lock device, secrecy:
- magnetic, or electronic, having a special drive;
- cylinder or popularly "English", has pins that do not allow it to be cracked;
- code that opens when you dial a specific combination of numbers;
- levers, the number of teeth on the key is equal to the number of levers in the mechanism of the locking device.
By the method of opening, they are divided into:
- universal, that is, can be used for left and right doors;
- left;
- rights.
It is recommended that you never turn over mortise and patch locks if they are not selected correctly. In this case, the manufacturer does not guarantee the normal functioning of the locking device, especially for a long time.
In addition, the locks can use the same type of secrecy mechanism or combined.
You can buy a beam lock, this is a kind of overhead device. The lock has two deadbolts that move across the entire width of the door.
Lock mechanism device
Absolutely all locks have the following details:
- fixture for fixing;
- valve;
- box for constipation;
- the key that moves the crossbar.
Padlock device
The padlock was invented a very long time ago and at first it was a simple deadbolt, but over time it underwent many changes. The locking mechanism of this device may be a lever or type of latch.
Distinguish the lock of the consignment note by the mechanism:
- with or without latch;
- type of privacy mechanism;
- with specific features.
All overhead locks include:
- level, reciprocal and front;
- drive lever;
- case with a mechanism.
According to user reviews, the main plus of the padlock is durability and low cost. Installation work almost never causes any problems.
Mortise lock
The mortise lock device is very similar to the mechanism of the overhead locking device. Such locks are most often found on the front doors. For steel doors, only mortise designs of locking mechanisms are used. Such locks are completely invisible, but weaken the place where they are mounted. Installation of mortise locks should be carried out by a specialist or it is recommended to buy a door leaf with an already embedded locking device.
Padlocks
The mention of padlocks is found in the letters of Ancient China. The principle of operation of such a device is very simple. The lock is most often used to lock garages, barns and other utility rooms.
The padlock device can be level, disk, cylinder, screw, and even with a code mechanism. The shackle is of no small importance for the reliability of the padlock; it is they that break it when they try to get inside the room. The bow can be forged or from a steel bar. The shape of the bow is round and flat, flexible.
This is not to say that the padlock device is very reliable. Often such locks are knocked down. You can solve this problem if you choose a lock with a steel handle and a case. It is not recommended to purchase aluminum locks, it is easiest to knock them down. Locks with a locking finger, and not with a handle are more reliable, since the eyes in this case are additionally protected.
Rules for choosing locks for entrance doors
Before buying a lock, always pay attention to the burglar resistance class. There are 4 classes that characterize the time during which a cracker can open a castle. The higher the grade, the longer it will take to dissect. The largest period of time that may be required to open the castle is 30 minutes.
Naturally, you should pay attention to the type of locking mechanism. "English" locks have the highest degree of secrecy, although to open such a castle you only need to knock out a larva. Therefore, when acquiring such locks, it is recommended to supplement the door with an armor plate.
The reliability of a level lock depends on the number of plates, or level, and on the type of material from which they are made. The minus of such a lock is a large key, and the more beards on it, the more voluminous it is. In home use, such locks are not very convenient, as they are closed and opened on both sides exclusively with a key. Lever locks are mainly used on an equal footing with padlocks to lock technical rooms.
Combined locks are very popular. This is a two-cylinder, cylinder-lever or two-lever mechanism. One system blocks another. A combination lock may have a "secret", that is, a removable mechanism. But, such locks are quite expensive and require almost "jewelry" skill during installation.
To protect himself as much as possible, he recommends using several devices at once, with a different principle of operation. You should not pay attention to the cheapest models of locks and consider offers of unknown manufacturers of locking devices.
Car door locks
Locks for entrance doors differ from locking mechanisms for cars, which are responsible not only for the safety of property.
First of all, if a car has a side impact, then the lock should ensure the transmission and dispersion of forces from the door to the body. The lock on the car should have a nice sound when opening and closing. It is necessary that there was a tactile sensation at the time of opening the door handle.
A car lock is just part of the entire car’s castle system. The system combines the hood, trunk, fuel tank and glove compartment locks.
The car door lock device consists of a mechanical and electrical part. The mechanical part is responsible for closing and opening the constipation. The electronic part is a whole complex of various systems responsible for the operation of the mechanical part of the lock, remote control and intelligent access.
Most car locks have a similar mechanical structure.
- Locking mechanism. Turns on the locking dog and turns on the latch. The dog locks the latch with a locking recess. The dog has two locking recesses, one of which exists only for safety. If the door is not fully closed and the pivoting latch does not reach the lock, then the door will still close thanks to the additional recess.
- Power door closer. Such a mechanism is found exclusively in executive cars. First of all, the power closer always closes the door tightly and contributes to the achievement of acoustic comfort when the door is opened and closed.
- Lever mechanism. It is this mechanism that is responsible for the opening function. The efforts that are applied to the door handle are transmitted to the lever mechanism, which unlocks the locking dog, releasing the rotary latch. After the door opens, the locking mechanism returns to its original position.
- Blocking mechanism. The whole process of the mechanism is reduced only to the deactivation of the lever mechanism.
The locking mechanism may be:
- Mechanical. In this case, the locking mechanism is connected to the drive, and the door is locked and unlocked using a physical key.
- Electromechanical. In this case, the electric motor is combined with a worm gear, and the drive itself is built into the door lock housing.
It is the electric motor that is the actuator in the central locking system.
Many cars today are equipped with a double locking lock, which allows you to lock the internal and external door drive. In this case, the trunk lock device, doors can work autonomously.
Egnition lock
Not so long ago, there were no ignition locks in any vehicle. The engine was started with an ordinary rotary key, actually manually. Today, the key has replaced a starter that cranks the engine for the flywheel and flat gear. The disc itself is located between the engine and clutch. After starting the engine, the teeth of the flywheel and starter mesh. At the same time, the engine spins. It is the ignition lock that is responsible for supplying direct current from the battery to the starter relay. This is the general principle of the ignition lock device.
In addition to power supply, the ignition switch does not allow the battery to discharge when the car is not moving, is parked.
There are several reasons when the ignition switch needs to be replaced:
- loss by the vehicle owner of the key to the lock;
- burnout of the contact group;
- damage to the anti-theft device.
The ignition lock mechanism, like a car door lock, has two parts, electronic and mechanical, as well as a cable loop and a terminal.