Despite considerable technical progress, man has not learned how to fully manage natural phenomena. It is one thing to try to disperse small clouds, and another is to prevent natural disasters. These situations include floods. This phenomenon can be either seasonal or spontaneous. Consider the causes of its occurrence and the necessary measures that must be taken to eliminate the consequences.
Seasonal Floods
After a snowy winter, abundant seasonal melting of the frozen cover occurs, which can cause a significant rise in the water level in the rivers. Spring flood occurs almost every year in the eastern regions of Russia (in the Urals, Siberia and the Far East) and causes significant economic damage. Do you think floods are a predictable natural disaster or natural? Can they be prevented? One of the measures to prevent flooding of the territories closest to the rivers is to undermine the ice cover to eliminate congestion during its melting. Another reason is heavy rainfall and the subsequent flood. Photos of such situations show how dangerous the consequences of such natural disasters can be.
Rain floods
Very often, floods occur due to heavy rainfall in the warm season. Their cause is rain floods. This phenomenon is completely unpredictable and happens in any territory, even in arid zones and deserts. The exception is the Arctic and Antarctica. But the most frequent and plentiful flash floods in areas with a hot monsoon climate, located between 40 ° north and 40 ° south latitudes. They can be repeated several times a year. Some regions of Europe, including Russia, are also no exception. A good example is the floods in the summer of 2002 due to floods. Then, most of Europe and the south of Russia were significantly affected by heavy and prolonged rains. And in the zone of Siberia and the Far East, almost every year there is a risk of flooding due to the late snowfall and frequent spring floods. Therefore, the task of the population is to know how to act in case of such natural disasters and what measures to take.
How to prepare for the flood?
Flooding occurs due to a significant rise in water in water bodies. Therefore, anticipating the possible consequences, erecting dams and fortifications. This is especially taken into account when constructing a reservoir system. But it is impossible to equip all natural reservoirs with special barriers. Residents of often flooded areas during spring snow melt know firsthand how serious the consequences can be. Therefore, anticipating the possibility of the appearance of "big water", they usually know how to act. During such periods, for the timely adoption of emergency measures by people in order to preserve their lives and property, the media (radio and television) report that floods may occur. This phenomenon, despite preparation for it, always causes panic and confusion among the population. But you must remain calm and act according to the plan described below.
Priority Flood Safety
For a possible evacuation, prepare a bag whose contents will be as follows:
- documents;
- warm clothes and shoes;
- protective equipment from rain (raincoats, film);
- necessary medicines;
- food and drink for 2-3 days;
- a flashlight and spare batteries for it, candles, matches, packed in a plastic bag.
The composition of this kit will be the same if you need independent action, when rescuers can not immediately come to the rescue. In these cases, especially residents of the private sector, you may have to take places farthest from the surface of the earth (roofs of houses, upper floors of buildings). As soon as rescuers have the opportunity, they will evacuate the population. To facilitate searches, it is necessary to notify rescuers with signal signs. In the daytime, you need to wave bright items of clothing, and at night - light sources. When evacuating, proceed calmly, without overloading the swimming equipment and strictly observing all the requirements of the rescuers.
The main thing is peace! Thoughtful actions and the absence of panic are a guarantee of preserving the lives of victims and their property!