According to gardeners, from stone fruit crops, plum is one of the most common and popular. Tasty and healthy fruits, as well as the unpretentiousness of trees in the care, provide it with popularity among amateur gardeners.
However, the climate near Moscow does not allow to grow all the plum varieties that currently exist. This is due to the fact that in many of them the flowering period often coincides with the last spring frosts in this region. In this case, the fruit buds freeze, which cannot but affect the harvest. We will present you the best varieties of plums for the Moscow region with a photo and description. Perhaps this will help you make the right choice when purchasing seedlings.
Features of growing plums in the suburbs
Plum belongs to the Rosaceae family, which includes about two hundred and fifty species. Most of them are successfully cultivated in gardens and summer cottages. Home plum is grown in our country. A tree lives on average 20-25 years and grows up to twelve meters in height. The undeniable advantages of plums include its ability to actively grow and develop on virtually any soil.
The climate in the Moscow Region is slightly milder than in the more northern or eastern regions. However, winter here is not just cold, but also with sharp changes in temperature. That is why the selected variety must be resistant to cold.
Feature of self-fertile varieties
Today we will introduce you to self-fertile plum varieties for the Moscow region, but first a few words about what the term "self-fertility" means. This is the ability of a plant to self-pollinate without the participation of bees and the proximity of trees of a related species.
Such trees, when cross-pollinated, give a much larger crop, since in this case both pollen and pollen of neighboring trees are pollinators. Under the influence of climatic conditions, partial self-fertility occurs, which is characterized by lower productivity.
Soil and planting requirements
Self-fertile plum varieties for the Moscow Region require special planting conditions for abundant and long fruiting. They should not be planted in low-lying places where snow and water stagnate. The tree will feel more comfortable on the sunny slopes, from which snow quickly melts, because then the root system of the tree does not suffer from excess moisture. If there is no natural hill on the site, create an artificial one.
After choosing a place to land it must be properly prepared. Usually this work is carried out in the fall. Despite the fact that this is a fairly unpretentious plant - self-fertile plum, varieties for the Moscow Region need to be fertilized. For 1 square. m of soil add 7 kg of humus, 30 grams of potassium salt and 50 grams of superphosphate. Minerals will dissolve, the soil will be significantly enriched, and in the spring it will be possible to plant young seedlings.
The most delicious plum varieties for Moscow region (self-fertile): Smolinka
Each gardener wants to grow a difficult crop on his plot: fruits and berries should be tasty, fragrant and healthy. Today, this result can be achieved by cultivating suitable plum varieties for the Moscow Region autonomous. Sweet fruits Smolinki will appeal to both adults and children.
The fruits have a regular shape, resembling an egg, the flesh is elastic, there are no pronounced depressions, the peritoneal suture is almost invisible. The variety has proven itself among gardeners of the Moscow region and today is considered one of the best for this region. Smolinka tolerates temperature extremes. A feature of the variety can be considered early entry into fruiting and high productivity.
The fruits ripen in the second decade of August. With proper care, up to 23 kilograms of delicious and sweet fruits weighing up to 40 grams can be removed from the tree. They can be used both fresh and processed. Other features of the variety include:
- tree height (more than five meters);
- at the age of two, fruiting begins;
- when frozen, it freezes a little, but recovers very quickly;
- vaccinations are allowed;
- the crown is very dense, so the trees on the site take up too much space.
Hungarian Korneevskaya
This variety is known for its high sugar content, for which it received well-deserved recognition among gardeners of the Moscow region. The fruits are dark in color, and they receive magnificent prunes. This is a self-made variety, with very large dessert fruits. The bone is easily separated from the pulp.
The tree begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years. The disadvantage of this variety, of course, is the breaking of branches that do not withstand the weight of the crop and the need to install supports.
Zarechnaya early
Another plum is self-fertile. Varieties for the suburbs, as we have said, should be distinguished by increased winter hardiness. This fully meets this requirement. The fruits, painted in dark purple, have an oval shape. They are painted in dark purple.
Plums are very large - their weight reaches 55 grams. Due to the fact that a stone is easily removed from fruits, the variety is widely used for home preservation.
Advantages:
- high frost resistance;
- stable yield;
- early entry into fruiting (in the second year);
- sweet and sour taste with pronounced aroma.
The disadvantages of this variety of gardeners include pinching in a huge amount, which negatively affects the crop. Therefore, you must carefully monitor and remove stepsons.
Early
A wonderful self-fertile variety, which is very popular among gardeners of the Moscow region due to its high yield and large fruits (45 grams). They taste good with subtle acidity. The tree grows no more than 4.5 meters in height.
Blue bird
Today, the market is represented by many varieties of plum for the suburbs. The best variety (self-fertile), according to gardeners - Bluebird. Its fruits are large (up to 50 grams), oval with a thin dark blue skin, which has a light waxy coating.
The pulp is dense. Harvest ripens in mid-August. These plums are suitable for canning, as they easily detach the stone. The fruits ripen evenly, winter-hardy variety, which is immune to the most common stone fruit diseases: polystigmosis, kleasteroporosis and moniliosis. Subject to the rules of agricultural technology, the yield reaches 35 kilograms per tree.
Medium tall varieties - In memory of Timiryazev
If you are interested in autonomous varieties of yellow plum for the Moscow region, we recommend that you pay attention to this popular and beloved by many gardeners variety that grows well and bears fruit not only in the Moscow Region, but also in more northern regions.
This is a medium-late plum, which gives a harvest until the beginning of September. In color and color, the fruits resemble apples. The skin is yellow, with a red speck on the side. Fruits are round, not having a peritoneal suture. They have a pleasant, fine-grained pulp, which has a delicate aroma and pleasant acidity. Indisputable advantages include self-fertility.
Yakhontovaya
The best varieties of yellow plum for the Moscow region (self-fertile) in this article are presented by this variety. The tree grows up to five meters, it is not afraid of spring return frosts, which are often the cause of death of flower buds in most fruit trees. Large and juicy sunny fruits (35 g), have a bright and rich sweet and sour taste. The variety is high-yielding - up to fifty kilograms of plums can be removed from one tree.
Harvest from the end of August to mid-September. The tree easily tolerates dry days, resistant to fungal and viral diseases. The only drawback: the fruits need urgent processing - they are not stored at all.
Mara
Today, in the vicinity of the capital, in many garden plots, plum trees grow beautifully and bear fruit. It’s quite difficult to name the best self-made variety, because, firstly, there are a lot of them now, and secondly, in most cases, the choice depends on your taste preferences: someone loves only sweet fruits, someone must have sourness in their taste, some like dense flesh, others prefer a more tender and juicy, etc.
Plum Mara tolerates fairly severe winters, has a strong immunity to most plum diseases. The tree grows no more than three meters, has a beautiful crown in the shape of a ball, which needs forming pruning. The variety is early - the fruits ripen in early July and, which is noteworthy, they can hang on the branches until the beginning of August without losing their taste.
The skin is saturated yellow, the flesh is slightly lighter. The taste will delight lovers of sweet fruits. They are perfect for making jams and jams.
Korneevskaya
Self-fertile plum varieties for the Moscow region often cause serious disputes between gardeners. For example, some believe that Korneevskaya has too long a period of fruiting (up to 6 years), their opponents are sure that such a long wait for the harvest is more than justified by the high yield, which reaches 50 kilograms per tree. In addition, it has delicious, fragrant and juicy fruits. The obvious disadvantages of the variety include instability to some stone fruit diseases.
Collective farm greenhouse
This self-fertile variety is well known to gardeners near Moscow. It is characterized by stable high yields and frost resistance. Medium-sized fruits are covered with dark yellow skin. The pulp is sweet and juicy. Without timely and competent care, tree productivity is reduced.
The best varieties of plums for Moscow region (self-fertile) undersized
Coloniform varieties that do not grow above one and a half to two meters are primarily classified in this category. They have a compact crown and are not very complicated care.
Imperial
This is one of the first columnar varieties of plum, which today is popular among gardeners in the Moscow region, due to the juicy and large fruits. Rounded in shape, the fruits have an impressive weight of up to 55 grams. The skin is dense, red-brown or purple. The pulp has a beautiful golden hue and a pleasant sweet taste with a slight acidity.
The variety is universal - the fruits can be used for making compotes, jams, jams, as well as eat fresh. The advantage of the variety is self-fertility and self-pollination.
Oryol dream
Many summer residents believe that in recent years the best plum varieties for the Moscow region have been bred. Self-fertile, stunted plants give an excellent harvest and are very convenient to care for. Indeed, the Oryol Dream is a variety that has recently appeared in gardens, but has already won many fans.
It has large rounded fruits (up to 43 grams) of red color, with numerous subcutaneous spots. This is a table variety with average productivity, but it is highly resistant to many diseases and winter hardiness. It is impossible not to say about some of its shortcomings - the fibrousity of the pulp and the difficult separation of the bone.
So, we presented you the best self-made plum varieties for the Moscow region. Which one to choose is up to you. We hope that you will be able to grow and harvest a good harvest of these wholesome and delicious fruits.