When assembled and fixed, the gutter system seems simple and does not require special efforts during installation. However, the slightest deviation of the design or the missing fastener element makes the installation not only useless, but also fatal for the home. Fortunately, modern manufacturers are developing convenient and reliable sets of such systems for installation , which simplifies the installation of gutters and related components. But only attentiveness and accuracy during installation, supported by careful calculations, can ensure a high-quality installation.
Material for a drain
The traditional material from which the drainage systems are made is a metal profile. It is able to satisfy all the requirements for such designs. This strength indicators, and flexibility in installation, and durability. But there are also disadvantages to this solution. Choosing the profile of the drain, you should focus on steel that has been galvanized or treated with a polymer coating. No matter how reliable the fastening of the gutter, the defeat by corrosion will nullify all the efforts in the installation. Therefore, a protective layer in the case of a metal profile is required.
Regarding plastic, the list of advantages is also considerable. Owners of private houses began to move on them because of the convenient installation and the noiseless operation of the material in the rain. Regarding strength and durability, plastic drains are practically not inferior to metal. However, polyvinyl chloride has its drawbacks. The material expands due to high temperature, so rubber seals should be provided at the attachment points .
How are gutters secured?
Mainly for this task, special bracket hooks are used. For example, fastening the gutter of the drain with the help of such elements is carried out in several parts:
- fixation to the eaves overhang, which is directed along the roof slope;
- to the rafter structure or the extreme element of the crate;
- to the plank base of the floor.
Before installation, you should calculate what the shoulder of the hook will be. In order not to miscalculate, it is recommended to purchase adjustable elements. With their help, it is possible to mount the drain to almost any ramp, without deforming the metal. You should also pay attention to the shade and shape of the fastener - this will withstand the style of the facade.
Varieties of brackets in design
Structurally, the separation of the brackets for gutter systems is very important. The reliability and functionality of the design depend on the correctness of this choice. So, the drain can be mounted with brackets of the following types:
- Front elements. Such fasteners are screwed to the wind boards with screws. You can position the bracket at an angle or in an upright position - it depends on how the rafters were cut.
- Curved flat brackets. Fixation is carried out to the plank flooring, to the rafter structure or crate. It is important that the fastening step is maintained, which is not always possible, for example, when fixing to the crate.
- Flat brackets for lateral installation. Using this fixture, the gutter is fixed to the roof from the side of the rafters.
- Universal bracket. Actually, the name speaks for itself - this type of hardware allows you to fix the structure to the rafters, the elements of the crate, flooring or to the wind board.
Installation markup
The gutters should be oriented so that during the thaw they can withstand the mass of snow sliding from the roof. The places of fixation of the brackets should be two centimeters from the funnel and no more. In this section, the gutter will be connected to the pipe. The extreme element of the fastener should be moved away from the edge of the roof by 15 cm. Before attaching the gutter to the roof, it is necessary to install flexible brackets. They are stacked side by side, after which you need to use a marker to draw a line with a slope of the gutter. Each latch is unbent in the place where the mark from the marker was left. After that, installation is carried out according to the planned plan.
Slope calculation
For gutters, so-called curvature should also be provided. This is a slope relative to the drainpipes, that is, in their direction. This calculation is based on the cross section of the gutter and the length of the ramp. For one meter, this deviation can be from 0.5 to 2 cm. For example, if the slope is horizontally 8 m long, then the difference in levels from one bracket to the other will be 4 cm. If the slope is longer than 12 m, then in some cases, the fastening of the drain is performed with a bias in two directions. This configuration occurs if there are several pipes for draining water on one side of the roof. A prerequisite for correct installation with a slope is the observance of the horizontal for the eaves overhang.
Bracket Mounting
Brackets can be installed in increments of 0.4 to 0.7 m. In order to save, many reduce this distance, but this solution is dangerous in terms of reliability. The fact is that without good support, the gutters can bend and deform under the loads of snow. In this regard, plastic gutters are stronger, although they also have a maximum load limit. In the installation of brackets to the rafters, the main thing is to withstand levels with optimal slopes of the gutters. Installation in the direction of the slope is performed with a decrease in each subsequent element relative to the previous one. The fastening parts that are installed to the rafter structure and the lathing must first be bent to the appropriate shape in order to ensure the correct fit to the slope of the ramp.
Installation of pipe holders
To ensure the fixation of drainpipes to the wall of the building, special holders are used. The device of such an element provides for a clamp and a screw, which will ensure the fastening of the gutter to the wall of the house. The holder should be placed under all the sockets where the pipes are connected. If straight and long pipe sections are used, then the clamp should be installed every 2 m.
It is important to note that for wooden and brick walls it is necessary to use different models of holders. For example, for brick, you should select products that include a screw with a plastic dowel. In this case, it is necessary to make a hole for the fastener through which the holder will be installed.
If it is planned to install gutters to a wooden house, it is advisable to fix the clamps using special rods or plates with screws. A wooden base is considered less reliable, therefore, it is necessary to provide for either in-depth introduction of fasteners, or installation with a capture of a larger area. To increase reliability, it is also recommended to install auxiliary panels on which it will be possible in the future to mount holders with drainpipes.