The main sewer networks operate with a large load, requiring the connection of powerful circulation pumps, filtration and cleaning systems. However, the problems of servicing polluted effluents begin at the first stage of release from the household network. For this reason, plumbers recommend the use of sewage pumps in the apartment for the kitchen, which remove unnecessary load from the pipeline and minimize the intensity of clogging of the sewage canal.
The main objectives of the equipment
Sewer pump represents a wide group of plumbing units, the list of tasks of which includes the following:
- Maintaining sufficient pressure in the system. This is the basic function of any pump that is used in the water supply channel. But in this case, it is still secondary. A typical pump for pumping in domestic sewers solves the problem of maintaining the circulation of wastewater at the proper level, eliminating the formation of congestion.
- Preparation of drains. This pump, unlike conventional circulation systems, is installed directly at the outlet points of the serviced masses, performing operations of their grinding.
- Control and measuring tasks. Together with the regulation of the movement of wastewater, the pump can measure the temperature of the medium, flow rate and pressure.
All of these tasks can be attributed not only to the hydraulic engineering support of the domestic sewage system, but also to sanitary support, since we can talk about vital facilities in terms of hygiene. This equipment is also used in equipping bathrooms, showers, bathtubs, etc.
The design and construction of the pump
Externally, the design resembles a regular toilet flush cistern, but the internal filling and functionality are fundamentally different. The housing is usually made of plumbing high-strength plastic with separate rubber inserts at the points of connection of valves and pipes. The basis of the device is a submersible pump provided by an electric motor. The power pumping unit is contained within a plastic structure and also has fundamental differences from other pumps. The main of them can be called the presence of cutting mechanisms designed to grind the waste coming out with the drains. If the sewage pump in the apartment for the kitchen processes the remnants of food and rubbish, then a similar installation in the toilet will grind fecal matter. Also in the design of the pump provides several filtration levels - receiving and coal blocks. Recycled effluent is discharged through a check valve.
Principle of operation
The unit is driven by the aforementioned electric motor, which is usually connected to a single-phase 220 V network. At the first stage, in principle, the circulation of drains in the served sewer line is activated. Such pumps are used in systems with forced movement of water, so the functionality is activated only at certain points. As the drains arrive at the receiving unit, cutting mechanisms begin their work. After that, the already processed waste is sent through the bypass channel to the sewer network or to the septic tank, if we are talking about private households. Using a check valve, the sewage pump in the apartment for the kitchen also prevents the return of drains to the device. Some models are additionally provided with means for cooling and ventilating wastewater, which meets sanitary standards and the requirements for preparing wastewater for sewage.
Appointment classification
Even as part of servicing one apartment, the sewage pump can have a slightly different purpose depending on the application and the point of use. In this regard, the following classification can be considered:
- Stationary pumps. A universal unit with a grinder pump, which has virtually no restrictions on the type of waste water being processed, but requires the organization of special technical conditions for installation. This is a standard sewage pump in the apartment for the kitchen, which is installed either in the wall niche behind the sink, or directly under the sink.
- Sewer pump station. The pumping equipment with a tank into which wastewater with shredded waste flows and is then forwarded to the sewer. The stations do not have cutting tools, and their main task is precisely to maintain the optimal rate of redistribution of prepared effluents through the output channels.
- Compact sewage pumps. Suitable for small apartments with a small kitchen or bathroom. The unit is connected to a small format pipeline and works with small volumes of effluents. Such models allow the possibility of pendant mounting, which saves space.
Pumps for cold and hot drains
Temperature is an important factor in the treatment of waste water. Therefore, manufacturers fundamentally separate sewage pumps according to the criterion of the possibility of operation in certain water environments. The boundary level can be called 35-40 ° C. This is the temperature of the inlet medium. Up to this level models for cold drains can be operated, and above (up to 90-95 ° C) - units for hot drains. Almost all fecal pumps for sewage in a private house belong to the first group and operate in temperatures up to 40 ° C. This is the target equipment for sinks, toilets and bidets. The channels through which hot water can drain are contraindicated for such pumps. As for models designed for high temperatures of working environments, they can be connected to dishwashers and washing machines, bathtubs and kitchen sinks.
Specifications
Technical and operational capabilities of domestic pumps for sewage in the house can be reflected in the following parameters:
- Electric motor power - an average range from 350 to 550 watts.
- Productivity - from 4000 to 5700 l / h.
- The diameter of the pipe at the inlet is from 20 to 32 mm.
- Weight - from 5 to 8 kg.
- The height of the effluent is up to 7-8 m.
- Horizontal drainage - up to 100-120 m.
- The temperature of the working medium is from 35 to 95 ° C.
How to choose the best model?
First of all, attention is paid to the above characteristics - performance indicators must meet the requirements of a particular plumbing unit. Further, the structural parameters of the model, the configuration of the location of the nozzles and valves, the configuration and diameters of the connection channels are taken into account. It is desirable that an installation diagram with points of input and output of drains be prepared initially. What is more important, at home, sewage pumps must fit into the interior, so the design properties of the model are important. The color gamut is also taken into account, although the vast majority of such devices are performed in the same white spectrum.
Top Sewer Pump Manufacturers
Almost all major manufacturers of plumbing equipment and even a specialized developer of Grundfos pumps are present in this niche, however, the SFA brand is the undisputed leader in the segment. It is especially worth highlighting its Sanivite Silence line - pumps that are used as a complete solution for kitchen sinks, dishwashers and washing machines, as well as simply for pumping drains of various origins. Danish company Grundfos offers decent quality solutions. The Sololift2 S-3 forced sewage pump, designed to service several plumbing units simultaneously at 90 ° C, deserves attention in its range. For use directly in an apartment or at the cottage, it is worth considering the Unipump Sanivort 250 model, which, judging by the reviews, is reliable and ergonomic in use. The surfaces of the device are easily cleaned, the pump is provided with thermal protection, and a special sensor with automatic shutdown is provided for monitoring the pressure.
Equipment installation
After the location for the operation of the equipment has been determined, installation work can begin in accordance with the following instructions:
- A basic plumbing tool is being prepared, as well as complete materials for installation with clamps and pipes.
- Using the standard hardware, you must fix the device.
- A pressure pipe line is being prepared for installation. If you plan to install a pump for sewage in a private home, then pre-test the connected channel, which will identify possible leaks.
- Bending is desirable to minimize. At least they should be smooth and without twists.
- At the very beginning of the horizontal section of the serviced pipeline, a valve is installed that will regulate the access of air.
- If necessary, ventilation and air lines are mounted.
- The tightness of joints and joints is checked.
- The electric motor is connected to the network with a preliminary check of grounding and protective shutdown means.
What else to consider when installing equipment?
Forced operation of the pump for sewage in a private house in a stable mode is possible only with the correct slope with the arrangement of horizontal pipes. That is, normative productivity and optimal indicators of pumping distances will be relevant provided that the pipeline for drains has a slope of up to 10 degrees, and for the inlet - at least 30 degrees.
Conclusion
Sanitary pumps, of course, increase the reliability of the household plumbing system, extending the life of the pipeline. But it is important to keep in mind that the equipment also puts a strain on the power grid and, if used improperly, can cause a hydraulic accident. Of particular interest are fecal pumps for sewage in private households, since they work with large volumes of pollution, representing an intermediate section of their delay. Therefore, the manufacturers of such devices themselves recommend regularly cleaning them, checking the condition of the electrical infrastructure and the reliability of the connections. The risk of equipment freezing is also taken into account. In winter, without the presence of special thermal insulation in conditions of negative temperatures, the water supply to the pump should be shut off, draining all the water from its tank.